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Biomedical subjects

J E Davis

Publications and source records attributed to J E Davis.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Renal adenocarcinoma: prognostics and treatment reflected by survival.

A retrospective study of 164 patients with renal adenocarcinoma has reconfirmed the highly malignant potential of this neoplasm. Stage and size of the tumor appear to be the best prognostic parameters. Radical surgery appears to have improved survival statistics. Follow-up must be indefinite since late metastases are not uncommon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Effects of diphenylhydantoin and chloroquine on monkey liver microsomal mixed-function oxidases.

Sixteen adult male squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) were randomly divided into three treatment groups and one control group. Each treatment group received 10 mg/kg oral doses of diphenylhydantoin and/or chloroquine. Following sacrifice, in vitro assays for activity of liver microsomal mixed-function oxidases were run. The assays confirmed diphenylhydantoin as a potent inducer of mixed-function oxidases. Chloroquine administration had little affect on the enzymes assayed and did not inhibit the diphenylhydantoin induction.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Correlation of spontaneous leukocyte blastogenesis with human renal allograft rejection.

Spontaneous blastogenesis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in recipients of renal allografts was studied by incorporation of 3H-thymidine. Three different levels of reactivity were observed that correlated with the patient's clinical course. Low levels of blast activity (i.e., median 680 dpm/million cells with 95% confidence interval (CI) of 480 to 880 dpm) were observed in pretransplant patients. A moderate elevation (median 3,00 dpm with CI of 2,300 to 5,300 dpm) was noted post-transplantation during quiescent intervals and following the onset of acute reversed rejection. Marked elevations, i.e., values greater than 10,000 dpm frequently were observed within 6 days prior to rejections (median 21,000 with CI of 7,400 to 34,000 dpm) and during sustained rejections (median 14,000 with CI of 8,800 to 19,600 dpm).

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1977

A study of the binding of sulfur to rat liver microsomes which occurs concurrently with the metabolism of O, O-diethyl O-p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate (parathion) to O, O-diethyl O-p-nitrophenyl phosphate (paraoxon).

In order to investigate the nature of the sulfur that is bound to liver microsomes concurrently with the metabolism of parathion to paraoxon, an isolated rat liver microsomal preparation was labeled with [35S] parathion and the purified product was examined by chemical degradation. Characterization of the degradation products by thin-layer chromatography indicated that the sulfur is bound as a polysulfide or hydrodisulfide formed by the combination of a reactive form of sulfur, released from parathion, with cysteine residues of the microsomal protein. Preliminary investigations revealed similar binding occurs when the microsomal preparation is replaced with purified rabbit cytochrome P-450 plus NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and NADPH.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Bovine carotid heterograft for segmental ureteral substitution.

Substitution of segments of traumatized or diseased ureter has been attempted often with little success. The ideal ureteral subsitute has yet to be found, and experiments with the newer biologically inert prosthetic materials such as the bovine carotid artery heterograft are warranted.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Low apparent creatine kinase activity and prolonged lag phases in serum of patients with metastatic disease: elimination by treatment of sera with sulfhydryl agents.

We find lag phases exceeding 20 min in measuring creatine kinase activity, by using the kinetic creatin phosphate leads to creatine assay, in sera of some patients with carcinoma metastatic to the liver. Such long lag phases are accompanied by a decreased apparent enzyme activity. These problems are eliminated by adding sulfhydryl agents to the serum before assay, but not by adding more of such agents to the assay reagent. beta-Mercaptoethanol is supperior to Cleland's reagents, glutathione, and cysteine. The long lag phases could not be explained by inadequate activity of the coupling enzymes, interference with the coupling steps, high proportions of cardiacisoenzymes activity, simple oxidation of the enzyme, low concentrations of albumin, or increased concentrations of glutathione reductase, lactate dehydrogenase, or uric acid. We conclude that the prolonged lag phases reflect inadequate reactivation of the enzyme by sulfhydryl agents under the usual assay conditions. Reactivation before assay can prevent potentially serious negative errors in the assay of creatine kinase.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1975

The nitrofurans as sperm-immobilizing agents, their tissue toxicity, and their clinical application in vasectomy.

Nitrofurantoin sodium and nitorfurazone, in certain critical concentrations, have the ability to immobilize spermatozoa. In this study, this effect was consisitent with both 5:1, and 10:1 dilutions. Histologic examination of the effects of these drugs as intraoperative vas irrigants revealed no apparent tissue toxicity in the guinea pig. Clinically, we found intraoperative vas irrigation with both of these nontoxic drugs to be of value in attaining azoospermia immediately postvasectomy. Therefore, they appear to be useful supplements to vasectomy.

Adult↗