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Biomedical subjects

J E Davis

Publications and source records attributed to J E Davis.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

A human leukocyte antigen identified by a monoclonal antibody.

Leukocyte antigens of approximate molecular weight 200,000 daltons have been described in mouse, rat, and man. We describe here the reactivities of a monoclonal antibody, GAP 8.3, which identified such an antigen on human leukocytes. We found the leukocyte antigen H-T200 on T and B lymphocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and platelets, but not on erythrocytes or nonhematopoetically derived cells. Resting and activated T cells had more antigen on their surfaces than did resting B lymphocytes and EBV-transformed B cells, respectively. The leukocyte antigen was detected on approximately 75% of bone marrow cells; cells of the erythroid series comprised the negative population. The GAP 8.3 antibody and its F(ab')2 fragments had no effect on in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood cells by mitogens or allogeneic cells. Antigen isolated from T cell lines had a higher electrophoretic mobility than did antigen from B cell lines; antigen from the myeloid line U937 comigrated with that from B cell lines. In addition, we detected very small but reproducible differences in the electrophoretic mobility of the antigen on two T cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Field disposal of methyl parathion using acidified powdered zinc.

The degradation of methyl parathion in soil with various amounts of acidified powdered zinc under field conditions was studied. Treatment was progressively more effective with increasing amounts of zinc. Disappearance of parent compound was followed for 2 1/2 years. The expected conversion product aminomethyl parathion and its N-methyl derivative were formed. In addition, N,N-dimethylamino, and the azo and azoxy condensation products were characterized by high resolution mass spectrometry. Aminomethyl parathion was shown to be identical to an authentic standard. The other specific positional isomers were considered likely, but were not proven by mass spectrometry. Structure elucidation was made with high resolution mass spectrometry, using the direct insertion probe, and with gas chromatography/low resolution mass spectrometry.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1981

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate inactivation of aminoglycosides.

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate and another polyanion (dextran sulfate) both inhibited aminoglycoside activity in vitro. This effect was not produced by an otherwise similar neutral carbohydrate (dextran) or by neutral detergents (Brij-35, Triton X-100) but was antagonized by an anion-exchange resin (Dowex 1X8-50). We conclude that the inactivation of aminoglycosides by sodium polyanethol sulfonate results from its polyanionic nature and is unrelated to its detergent properties.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1979

Can quality of life be evaluated?

A multidisciplinary committee of the Veterans Administration sought to evaluate quality of life as related to long-term care by developing possible measurements of the concept.

Health Facilities↗
PubMed1979

Flushing of distal vas during vasectomy: current status and review of literature.

Vas irrigation during vasectomy, to effect immediate sterility or to shorten the interval between vasectomy and sterility, has received increasing attention in recent years. A review of the literature on vas irrigation is presented. Topics discussed include the effectiveness of various irrigants and irrigation methods, method and technical failures, and evidence of increased risks of recanalization, inflammation, tissue damage, and infection. Stored sperm and their location after vasectomy are explored. Suggested mechanisms for the action of irrigants are reviewed, and another mechanism is proposed. Variations in study results and our incomplete understanding of vas and seminal vesicle physiology during ejaculation (compounded by individual variations) require more investigation before large clinical trials are initiated.

Acriflavine↗
PubMed1979

Paraduodenal hernia: an unusual cause of renal displacement.

Exploration of a retroperitoneal mass displacing the right kidney and lumbar paravertebral lymph nodes revealed a paraduodenal hernia. Paraduodenal hernias are explained in detail, the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal masses is presented and the diagnostic modalities are described.

Duodenal Diseases↗
PubMed1979

Glycosylated hemoglobins and diabetes mellitus.

Glycosylated hemoglobins result from post-translational changes in the hemoglobin molecule, and their levels correlate well with glycemic levels over the previous six to 10 weeks. Their use as an aid in monitoring diabetic control appears to be well established, but their value in predicting complications of diabetes and in diagnosing milder forms of diabetes is as yet unknown. Of the numerous methods available for the analysis of glycosylated hemoglobins, none has been evaluated extensively in a routine laboratory setting. However, liquid chromatography, isoelectric focusing, and radioimmunoassay techniques all give adequate results. For the purposes of monitoring long term diabetic control, assay of the fast hemoglobin fraction (AIa+b+c) appears adequate. However, for investigative purposes, when optimal sensitivity may be required, specific measurement of hemoglobin AIc is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The prolonged exercise test.

The response to a standardized exercise test was investigated in 12 volunteers and 13 patients with aches, cramps, and pains. In men, creatine kinase (CK) levels peaked (up to 1600 mU per milliliter) between 10 and 20 hours after exercise. High levels of blood lactate during exercise were related to the intensity of work and to high levels of CK after exercise. The patients could be divided into several groups: (1) those with no change in blood metabolites (psychogenic); (2) those with a disproportionate rise in CK (metabolic myopathies); (3) those with a disproportionate rise of lactate (mitochondrial abnormalities); and (4) in one patient with exercise-related pains, subnormal elevation of fatty acid levels. The correlation of changes in blood lactate, CK, and fatty acids may be useful, whereas an isolated measurement, even if outside the normal range, is often meaningless.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Increased serum creatine kinase after exercise: a sex-linked phenomenon.

The effect of 2 hours of exercise on the serum creatine kinase (CK) level was investigated in 11 men and 9 women. The mean increase of CK 24 hours after exercise was significantly greater in men. The relative lack of CK elevation in women may: (1) indicate that female muscle is less susceptible to damage by adverse factors; and (2) explain discrepancies in previous reports.

Creatine Kinase↗