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Biomedical subjects

J E Coe

Publications and source records attributed to J E Coe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Hamster female protein. A new Pentraxin structurally and functionally similar to C-reactive protein and amyloid P component.

Female protein (FP), a serum protein present in normal female hamsters was found to be similar to acute-phase reactant, C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP) in the following ways: (a) hamster FP complexed with phosphorylcholine (PC) in a Ca++-dependent fashion as shown by its isolation from serum by affinity chromatography with PC-Sepharose and selective elution with free PC or EDTA; (b) electron microscopy of FP indicated a pentameric structure similar in size and appearance to other pentraxins; (c) the parent molecule of FP (150,000 mol wt) was composed of five noncovalantly assembled subunits of 30,000 mol wt; and (d) the amino acid analysis and terminal NH2 sequence of FP clearly showed homology with SAP-CRP. Although FP evolved from an ancestral gene common to SAP and CRP, and shares functional, morphological and structural properties with these acute-phase proteins, the biological homology of FP appears quite diverse as this protein is a prominent serum constituent (1-2 mg/ml) of normal female hamsters and under hormonal control (testosterone suppression) in males.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1981

Genetic resistance to the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats. I. Genetic analysis of an apparent mutant strain with phenotypic resistance to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

Clinical resistance to the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis was observed in a closed colony of Lewis (designated Le-R) rats. Disease susceptibility in randomly bred animals appeared to increase with increasing age. In the small group of young Le-R rats, which were susceptible, disease onset was delayed, severity of symptoms was reduced, and duration of clinical signs was abbreviated compared to conventional Lewis rats. The severity of histologic neural tissue lesions correlated with clinical observations. Breeding experiments indicated that most Le-R rats were resistant to disease induction regardless of whether their ancestors had been selected for susceptibility or resistance. The F3 generation of resistant lineage was uniformly resistant at all ages tested. Virtually all (Lewis X Le-R)F1 rats of either sex were resistant when challenged at 7-8 wk of age indicating that resistance was a dominant autosomal trait. Approximately half of (F1 X Lewis) backcross rats developed paralytic EAE whereas one-fourth were entirely resistant, suggesting that disease resistance may be mediated by one or two genes. Le-R rats shared at least some of the Lewis rat major histocompatibility antigens. Resistance apparently did not reflect a nonspecific impairment of cellular immune responsiveness. Le-R rats, which had been challenged with myelin basic protein, developed antigen-reactive cells specific for basic protein or its encephalitogenic fragment. Spleen cells obtained from basic protein-sensitized Le-R rats did not adoptively transfer disease into Lewis rats. In contrast, spleen cells obtained from basic protein-sensitized Lewis rats readily transferred disease into both Lewis and Le-R recipients. These data suggest that disease resistance may be a result of an immunologic deficit (or suppressor cell activity) expressed during the differentiation of antigen-reactive cells into disease-inducing effector cells.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Antibody development in garter snakes (Thamnophis spp.) experimentally infected with western equine encephalitis virus.

Garter snakes (Thamnophis spp.) have been considered to possibly play an important role in the ecology of western equine encephalitis (WEE) virus. Serological tests (hemagglutination-inhibition, complement-fixation, neutralization test in mice, and plaque neutralization) to detect antibody in these reptiles following laboratory exposure t this virus have, in our experience, been unsatisfactory. A new test, the snake globulin precipitation (SGP) test, has been developed and we consider it to be reliable in detecting antibody in WEE virus-infected garter snakes. Antibody has been detected in these snakes over 4.5 years following inoculation with WEE virus. The SGP test should be a valuable tool in obtaining further information regarding the possible role of these cold-blooded vertebrates in the ecology of this important arbovirus.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental chronic rabies in the cat.

Two cats, inoculated with a street rabies virus strain, survived with only some progressive debility and atrophy of musculature in the injected limb for 136 weeks. They had continuously increasing titers of neutralizing antibody in serum and in cerebrospinal fluid, and terminally they had high antibody titers in the brain. Virus was isolated from two brain specimens of one cat obtained at necropsy; isolation was successful only by explant culture and inoculation of explanted tissue into mice. Virus antigen was detected in eight sites in the brain and spinal cord of the same cat by frozen-section immunofluorescence. Lesions in the central nervous system consisted of neuronal degeneration and neuronophagia, associated with the prescence of inclusion bodies and widespread inflammatory cell inflitration into brain and spinal cord parenchyma, perineuronal sites, and perivascular spaces. The inflitrates contained lymphocytes, monocytes-macrophages, and a high proportion of plasma cells. These experimental cases of chronic progressive rabies resembled more closely subacute sclerosing panecephalitis of man than the usual subacute fatal rabies encephalitis of man and other mammalian species.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Deposition of IgA in renal glomeruli of mink affected with Aleutian disease.

The glomerular deposition of immunoglobulin (Ig) was studied in sapphire mink affected with terminal Aleutian disease (AD). Fluorescein conjugated Ig-class specific antiserums were used to evaluate and identify the glomerular Ig. Kidneys of all 28 mink with documented AD had deposits of IgA and beta 1 C in a capillary and mesangial distribution. Only 7 of 28 mink had demonstrable glomerular IgG and/or IgM. In addition, interstitial plasma cell infiltrates in 17 of 19 kidneys stained exclusively with anti-IgA. All antiserums used in this study were evaluated for Ig-class specificity by both gel diffusion and agarose-bead techniques. The striking Ig class restriction demonstrated for glomerular Ig deposition in AD is discussed in light of current knowledge of the pathogenesis of AD glomerulopathy.

Aleutian Mink Disease↗
PubMed1978

Metabolism of homologous and heterologous serum proteins in garter snakes (Thamnophis ordinoides).

The half life (T1/2) of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) and albumin from snakes and mammals were determined in both garter snakes (Thamnophis ordinoides) and mice (Mus musculus). Metabolism of serum proteins in snakes was similar to mammalian protein metabolism in that homologous serum albumin had shorter T1/2 (16 days) than IgG (38 days). Also, reptilian and mammalian serum proteins had a relatively longer T1/2 when injected into closely related species. Thus mammalian serum Ig (rabbit gamma globulin (RGG)) had a shorter T1/2 (6.3 days) in snake than did homologous snake IgG (38 days), whereas in mice, RGG had a longer T1/2 (3.8 days) than snake Ig (0.9 days). Differences between metabolism of homologous and heterologous albumins were apparent only in snakes in which the T1/2 of homologous albumin was approximately 8-fold greater than mammalian albumin. These results indicate that metabolism of both Ig and albumin in snakes is regulated by specific receptors whereas albumin receptors have been difficult to demonstrate in mammals. The results of this study suggest that one of the factors determining the metabolism of a protein is its foreignness to the host perhaps because of receptor cross reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A sex-limited serum protein of Syrian hamsters: definition of female protein and regulation by testosterone.

Normal Syrian hamster females contain a serum protein not found by simple gel diffusion assay in normal adult males. This sex-limited protein was called female protein (FP). Low levels of FP were found in sera from normal weanling male hamsters. Adult male hamsters castrated or treated with diethylstilbestrol also developed serum FP, which could be suppressed by administration of testosterone. Exogenous testosterone also suppressed serum FP in adult females, and ovarian function did not appear to be critical for maintenance of serum FP. Although FP is present in significant amounts (1-2 mg/ml) in adult females, its function is presently unknown.

Aging↗
PubMed1977

Antibody response to rabies virus in Syrian hamsters.

Syrian hamsters were injected with inactivated, attenuated, and virulent rabies virus (RV), and the antibody response was quantified by a neutralization test and the immunoglobulin class of the virus antibody was characterized by indirect fluorescent microscopy. Serum antibodies to RV were found to be predominantly of the immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) class, although IgG1 anti-RV also were detected in high-titered sera obtained after secondary challenge. Brain extracts of hamsters inoculated intracerebrally with RV contained only IgG2 anti-RV. IgA and IgM anti-RV were not detected. The preferential IgG2 response to RV is in marked contrast to the isolated IgG1 response detected after inoculation of hamsters with soluble purified protein antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Immune response in the garter snake (Thamnophis ordinoides).

Garter snakes (Thamnophis ordinoides) were immunized with hen egg albumin, human gamma-globulin and Keyhole limpet haemocyanin in Freund's adjuvant. Antibody was consistently detected by radioimmunoelectrophoresis and in three different gamma- and beta-globulin precipitin lines called IgM (approximately or equal to 20S), Ig-1 (approximately or equal to 9S) and Ig-2 (approximately or equal to 8-5S). Early antibody (day 31 after immunization) was frequently Ig-M whereas Ig-2 and especially Ig-1 were detectable for the longest duration (992 days). After immunization with antigen in Freund's adjuvant, Ig-1 serum concentration showed the greatest increase, from almost undetectable levels to the most prominent immunoglobulin in immune serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Immunoglobulin synthesis by an SV-40-induced hamster lymphoma.

A transplantable lymphoid tumour induced in Syrian hamsters by SV-40 was shown to synthesize a 7Sgamma2 monoclonal immunoglobulin of the same idiotype was also found in the membrane of the tumour cell. The induction of immunoglobulin synthesizing tumours by SV-40 should be useful for studies on immunoglobulin synthesis, lymphoid cell receptors and tumour immunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Immune response in the hamster. VIII. Ig class differences in susceptibility to tolerance induction.

A hemolytic plaque assay was used to quantitate the antibody response of the Syrian hamster after immunization with hen egg albumin (HEA). Whereas HEA in complete Freund's adjuvant (HEA-CF) induced a prolonged heterogeneous (IgM, IgG1 and IgG2) antibody response, the response to soluble HEA in saline (HEA-S) differed in that: 1)both the primary and secondary responses were restricted to the IgG1 class; 2)the IgG1 primary response was cyclical with PFC peaks on days 9 and 16; 3)although an anamnestic secondary response was demonstrated, no further augmentation was noted after tertiary and quaternary boosters; 4)the booster response was transient reaching a peak after 48 hr and declining to low levels within 7 days. Adoptive transfer of lymph node cells to irradiated recipients followed by challenge with HEA-CF revealed: 1)that HEA-S-treated donor cells were primed for an IgG1 response because anamnesis was seen 7 days after challenge, yet on day 21, IgG1 PFC were 20-fold less than that of controls; 2)recipients of HEA-S treated cells showed profound suppression of both IgM and IgG2 PFC on days 14 and 21. These studies indicate that soluble antigen induced in hamsters a state of complete tolerance of IgM and IgG2 classes whereas the anamnestic response of the IgG1 class remained intact.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

B-cell origin of hamster lymphoid tumors induced by simian virus 40.

Two lymphoid neoplasms induced by simian virus 40 (SV40) in Syrian hamsters were analyzed for lymphocyte characteristics. The hymphocytes from both tumors contained membrane-bound Ig that was exclusively of 7Sgamma2 class. Furthermore, neither lymphoid tumor had a complement receptor. Thus both tumors oringinated from a particular B-cell population, which suggests that this B-cell type is associated with an SV40 receptor.

Animals↗