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Biomedical subjects

J E Bogen

Publications and source records attributed to J E Bogen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Alexithymia and the split brain. I. Lexical-level content analysis.

8 cerebral commissurotomy patients and 8 precision-matched normal control subjects were shown a 3-minute videotaped film symbolically depicting the deaths of a baby and of a boy. After each of 4 showings, all subjects were questioned about the symbolic and emotional contents of the film. Content analyses of the subjects' spoken and written responses were carried out on the lexical level. The commissurotomized patients, in comparison to their normal controls, used a lower percentage of affect-laden words, had a higher percentage of incomplete sentences, used a higher percentage of auxiliary verbs, and used a lower percentage of adjectives. Commissurotomy patients were significantly closer to the alexithymic pole of a factor derived from these 4 variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Alexithymia and the split brain. II. Sentential-level content analysis.

The Hoppe-Bogen finding of alexithymia in 12 commissurotomy patients is examined, using 6 sentential-level items corresponding to 6 of the 8 key alexithymia items in the Beth Israel 'Psychosomatic Questionnaire'. 8 of the same commissurotomy patients and 8 precision-matched normal control subjects were shown a 3-min videotaped film about death. Content analyses of the subjects' spoken and written responses to this film were carried out, with directional support found for all items; however, only 2 of these differences in group means were statistically significant. The items were factor analyzed, and a 1-factor solution obtained. Factor score comparisons replicated the earlier study, as commissurotomy patients were found to be more alexithymic than normal controls.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1985

Alexithymia and the split brain. III. Global-level content analysis of fantasy and symbolization.

8 commissurotomy patients and 8 precision-matched normal control subjects were shown a 3-min videotaped film about death. Content analysis of the subjects' spoken and written responses to this film was carried out on the global, interpretive level, for 2 fantasy and 4 symbolization variables. Commissurotomy patients were found to be significantly more alexithymic than normal controls for 3 of the symbolization variables, for factor-analytic measures of fantasy and symbolization, and for an over-all measure of alexithymia derived from these 2 factors and lexical-level and sentential-level measures of alexithymia.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1985

Alexithymia and the split brain. IV. Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis, an overview.

A structural explanation of psychosomatic personality structure is proposed, that of a functional or physical deconnection of the two cerebral hemispheres. If the affective and symbolic energies of the right hemisphere cannot be externalized through verbal expressions of the left hemisphere (alexithymia), then they are apt to be directed inward, thereby contributing to psychosomatic personality structure. In an experiment, 8 cerebral commissurotomy patients and 8 precision-matched normal control subjects were shown a 3-minute videotaped film symbolically depicting the deaths of a baby and a boy. Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis of the subjects' verbal responses to the film was carried out for anxiety and hostility scales. A complex of shame and total anxiety in combination with hostility directed both inward and outward, was interpreted as an indicator of 'psychosomatic personality structure'. Cerebral commissurotomy patients showed a significantly higher level of psychosomatic personality structure than did normal controls.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1983

A case report of pathological rule-governed syllable intrusion.

A detailed analysis of a unique speech disturbance, marked by the frequent appearance in the speech stream of a meaningless intrusive syllable, is presented. Following a lengthy thoracic surgery, an American English speaking patient began to speak with non-English prosodic patterns, which evolved to a conspicuous intrusion in his speech of the syllable /sis/. This syllable and its variants were attached to words in a manner which conformed to the regular phonological rules in English (for formation of plural, possessive, and third person singular morphemes). The distribution and frequency of the intrusive syllable are described, and possible explanations for the abnormal occurrence of this particular syllable are discussed.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed1981

Disorganization and reorganization of cognitive and sensorimotor functions in cerebral commissurotomy. Compensatory roles of the forebrain commissures and cerebral hemispheres in man.

Neuropsychological studies of 10 patients with complete cerebral commissurotomy and 2 with frontal commissurotomy showed differences in the nature and severity of pre-operative, initial and long-term post-operative deficits in verbal and nonverbal cognitive, memory, and sensorimotor functions. Neurosurgical findings before and after operation recorded various types of extra-callosal brain damage in all 12 patients, including 4 with gross structural lesions in the right hemisphere before surgery. Our findings revealed that differences in the nature and severity of pre-operative and post-operative deficits varied according to the nature and laterality of associated extra-callosal damage before as well as after operation. Following complete commissurotomy, all 4 patients with pre-operative structural lesions of the right hemisphere revealed a unique pattern of marked, selective impairment of nonverbal cognitive functions strikingly similar to the effects of right hemispherectomy for tumour in adults. The remaining 8 patients showed systematic patterns of greater impairment in verbal and nonverbal cognitive and contralateral sensorimotor functions, depending on the laterality of extra-callosal damage. The significantly higher pre-operative Wechsler Performance IQs of the 4 patients with structural lesions of the right hemisphere suggest that following earlier damage to the right hemisphere, the forebrain commissures contribute to a reorganization of interhemispheric relations to permit restitution of the diminished nonverbal cognitive functions resulting from damage to the right hemisphere. Thus, in addition to other possible roles in integrating the functions of the two hemispheres in the normal brain, the forebrain commissures can also serve as 'standby' or 'reserve' structures for reorganization of compensatory interhemispheric mechanisms following lateralized brain insults. Since some patients showed later postoperative improvement, the extent of ultimate competence and the 'cognitive costs' of commissurotomy can only be defined by continuing follow-up studies. Apart from their practical clinical implications, such studies may also contribute to elucidation of the principles underlying the organization, disorganization and reorganization of human brain functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Cultural hemisphericity: evidence from cognitive tests.

Cultural differences in appositional abilities were investigated. Items from two gestalt completion tests were modified to examine the effects of stimulus manipulations (e.g., background color, presence of details) on previously observed ethnic differences in performance. Overall, black subjects again scored higher than white subjects; women scored higher than men. However, these differences varied with certain stimulus manipulations. These findings suggest that, by investigating gestalt completion, we can better understand the cognitive factors underlying appositional abilities.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1977

Perception of dichotic chords by normal and commisurotomized human subjects.

A perceptual suppression of an ipsilateral by a concurrent contralateral auditory signal occurs in commissurotomized subjects and probably in normal subjects. This suppression of the ipsilateral signal depends on the nature of the auditory stimuli. For dichotic speech sounds the suppression of the ipsilateral signal is overwhelming; for dichotically presented pure tones it is not present. For dichotically presented pure tones, unlike speech signals, a subcortical central pitch processor determines the contribution to the perceptual experience of the right and left ear signals in both normal as well as commissurotomized subjects.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1977

Transcallosal approach to third ventricle tumor: case report. Partial removal of an infundibuloma (grade I astrocytoma arising from the floor of the third ventricle).

A care is described of an astrocytoma grade 1 arising from the floor of the third ventricle, operated upon transcallosally. No disconnection symptoms were produced. Five years later the patient has above normal intelligence and is attending school at normal grade level in spite of a CT scan suggesting recurrence of the tumor.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1976

The grasp reflex of the foot and related phenomena in the absence of other reflex abnormalities following cerebral commissurotomy.

The grasp reflex of the foot and related pheonomena were examined in six subjects with no abnormalities of deep tendon or plantar (and related) reflexes 6 to 10 years after cerebral comissurotomy. In all subjects they were more marked on the same side as the more damaged hemisphere. These tonic phenomena seem to be facillitated by sitting and standing postures. Practical and theoretical implications of the tonic foot responses in the absence of similar phenomena of the hand are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Hemispheric lateralization of singing after intracarotid sodium amylobarbitone.

Hemispheric lateralization of singing was investigated in patients who had transient hemiplegia after intracarotid injection of sodium amylobarbitone. It was found that after right carotid injection singing was markedly deficient, whereas speech remained relatively intact. Songs were sung in a monotone, devoid of correct pitch rendering; rhythm was much less affected. By contrast, singing was less disturbed than speech after left carotid injection. The observations indicated a double dissociation; the right hemisphere contributed more for singing, whereas the left demonstrated its usual dominance for speech. A model is proposed that encompasses audible stimuli as well as tactual or visual into a scheme of functional lateralization wherein the right hemisphere specializes in processing a complete, time-independent stimulus configuration and the left in a series of successive, time-dependent units.

Adult↗