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Biomedical subjects

J Dyerberg

Publications and source records attributed to J Dyerberg.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve in patients with familial hyperchylomicronemia.

In order to study the effect of marked chylomicronemia on red cell oxygen release, oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curves (ODC's) from zero to full saturation were determined on whole blood from three siblings with familial Type I hyperlipoproteinemia. In these cases the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin was markedly increased, with P50 act. pH varying between 22.1 and 17.7 mm. Hg (normal value, 27.3 mm. Hg; S.D., 1.3) and the Hill coefficient n reflecting the slope of the ODC was increased. The changes in the ODC's are thought to be secondary to the hyperchylomicronemia for the following reasons: (1) the change was minimized by incubating red cells from the patients in normal donor plasma; (2) normal red cells increased their oxygen affinity when incubated in lactescent plasma; (3) the change was not explainable by a decrease in red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate content or in arterial blood hydrogen ion concentration. Based on these findings a decreased erythrocyte oxygen release of one third can be hypothesized. The importance of this observation in relation to the symptomatology of clinical conditions complicating marked chylomicronemia is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The composition of food consumed by Greenland Eskimos.

Food specimens have been collected, by means of the double-portion technique, from Greenland Eskimo hunters and their wives, in all seven persons, on seven consecutive days. Their food was found to contain more protein and less carbohydrates than average Danish food and an almost equal amount of fat. Compared with Danish food, the fatty acid pattern of the consumed lipids--essentially of mammalian marine origin--showed a higher content of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (especially C20:5) and lower contents of linoleic and linolenic acids. However, the sum of the polyunsaturated fatty acids was smaller than in Danish food. Using Keys' formula, describing the serum cholesterol level as a function of the nutritional fatty acids, the essentially lower serum choelsterol level found in Greenland Eskimos was not explained by our findings. It is suggested instead to be a special metabolic effect of the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids from marine mammals. There might be a similar effect on the plasma triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein concentrations, explaining the much lower plasma concentrations of these components in Eskimos than in Western populations. Our findings might have an essential bearing on the difference in morbidity from coronary atherosclerotic disease between these populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of a dipstick test for glucose in urine.

As an example of qualitative tests, a dipstick analysis for glucose in urine has been tested for the influence of modifying factors on the test result. Two different types of dipsticks were examined, "Clinistix" and "S-Gluko-test." Used according to manufacturer's instructions, the latter is more sensitive and selective. By multivariance analysis the following variables were examined: urine samples, inter- and intra-analyst, exposure to light, and dipstick batch. The first three contributed significantly to the total variation in results, inter-specimen variation being the most important. With knowledge of the frequency of testing urines with a given glucose concentration and the probability of the result at that concentration, an expression of the probability of the glucose content of a urine sample can be obtained. Even with the tests of the type examined having a sensitivity and specificity exceeding 95%, 14 of 100 patients suspected of having diabetes mellitus on the basis of a dipstick examination will be found to have a urinary glucose concentration of less than 2 mmol/liter. These figures were found when the prevalence of urines with a glucose concentration exceeding 2 mmol/liter was 17.5%.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1975

Fatty acid composition of the plasma lipids in Greenland Eskimos.

Gas-liquid chromatography analyses have been carried out to investigate the composition of esterified fatty acids in the plasma lipids in 130 Greenland Eskimos, compared with those of 32 Greenland Eskimos living in Denmark and of 31 Caucasian Danes in Denmark. While the Eskimos living in Denmark did not differ substantially from other persons living in Denmark and, from what is found in other studies in Western communities, the Greenland Eskimos showed a completely different pattern. They demonstrated a much higher proportion of palmitic, palmitoleic, and timnodonic acids, while they had a markedly lower concentration of linoleic acid. The total concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids was lower in Greenland Eskimos than in the other groups. These findings are discussed in the light of the generally accepted opinion of the beneficial effect on plasma lipid levels and on the morbidity of coronary atherosclerosis of a high dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids. As plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels in Greenland Eskimos in a previous study were found markedly lower than those found in Western populations, and as coronary atherosclerosis seems to occur far less commonly among Eskimos in Greenland than among peoples in industrialized countries, it was found difficult to combine these observations with the results from the present study. If dietary differences are the main reason for the differences in plasma lipid concentrations, the results from the present study point more toward qualitative than toward quantitative differences in respect of fatty acid composition of the food.

Adult↗