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Biomedical subjects

J Dyerberg

Publications and source records attributed to J Dyerberg.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

n-3 fatty acids and leucocytes.

The evidence presented here favours the view that dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids results in attenuated activity of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes formed through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway in leucocytes. Neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis seem to decrease, although this may depend on the patient groups studied. n-3 fatty acids increase the proliferative responses of lymphocytes. It is less clear, whether n-3 fatty acids affect other parts of leucocyte function. The possible value of n-3 PUFAs in inflammatory diseases in humans needs to be documented in carefully conducted clinical trials, which also should look carefully for possible side effects. However, the results obtained so far have been promising. The modulating effect of n-3 fatty acids on leucocyte activity-together with their other effects-could be favourable in atherosclerosis and coronary disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipids, haemostasis, neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). There is some evidence that polyunsaturated fatty acids of the marine n-3 type (n-3 PUFA's) may offer protection against CAD. We have studied the effect of short-term dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFAs on lipids, haemostasis, neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis in 10 patients with IDDM. The patients were given 4 g daily of n-3 PUFAs (fish oil) for 6 weeks and were investigated before and after the supplement. No significant effects on platelets or haemostasis were observed. High density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol significantly increased, and triglycerides and the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol significantly decreased. Monocyte chemotaxis was unaltered, while neutrophil chemotaxis significantly increased after fish oil. The finding of an improvement in neutrophil chemotaxis after supplementation with n-3 PUFAs to patients with IDDM needs to be confirmed in future studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Further investigations of the defective protein C in hemodialysis, hemofiltration and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Protein C activity was determined in patients with terminal renal failure treated in three different ways: hemodialysis (n = 20), hemofiltration (n = 7) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (n = 7). The protein C activity was decreased in terminal uremia, independent of the kidney replacement therapy employed, compared with 21 normal controls. In the hemodialysis patients protein C activity increased significantly during a hemodialysis treatment, whereas hemofiltration treatment normalized the depressed protein C activity. In vitro experiments with dialysis and with inhibition of normal plasma with ultrafiltrates could not reveal the presence of an inhibitor of protein C in uremic plasma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Coronary heart disease in Greenland Inuit: a paradox. Implications for western diet patterns.

Epidemiologic examinations of Greenland Inuit have disclosed a connection between high seafood intake containing a high level of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and a low coronary heart disease (CHD) morbidity. Other epidemiologic studies have confirmed this interrelation, and a biological substrate for a causal relationship has been established. This includes a lipid lowering effect of n-3 PUFAs and a modulatory effect on eicosanoid metabolism, shifting platelet vessel wall balance in an antithrombotic direction. Other metabolic effects of n-3 PUFAs are an altered inflammatory response to proinflammatory stimuli and a modest hypotensive effect. These findings create a basis for controlled clinical studies and justify, in the author's opinion, both a mass strategy of advocating that a well-balanced diet should include a higher use of seafood in Western diets, and a more intensive recommendation of n-3 PUFAs in certain high-risk patients with a heterogeneous risk-factor profile. Among these, patients with essential hypertension and patients undergoing reconstructive coronary intervention are obvious candidates. A major outcome of the research, stemming from the epidemiological studies, is establishment of the fact that separate attention should be paid to both the n-6 and the n-3 fatty acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Antithrombin III and protein C in stable angina pectoris--influence of dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The effect on plasma antithrombin III (AT III) and protein C on a supplement with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA's) was investigated in a double-blind study in 36 patients with stable angina pectoris. All participants were given a supplement to their normal diets of vegetable oil (4.8 g n-6 PUFA's) for 4 weeks and were then randomized to the same oil or to fish oil (4.8 g n-3 PUFA's) for 12 weeks. Both oil supplements resulted in a statistically significant decrease in AT III activity, but there were no differences between the two different types of PUFA's. Antithrombin III antigen, protein C antigen or activity did not change significantly after either oil supplement. The background and significance for the decrease in antithrombin III activity induced by n-3 and n-6 PUFA's in patients with ischaemic heart disease is unknown.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Haemostatic aspects of renal transplantation.

Platelet function and protein C activity and antigen level was studied in 31 renal transplant recipients and 10 healthy controls. The patients were divided into three groups: (I) cyclosporin treated, (II) azathioprine treated, and (III) azathioprine treated patients with chronic rejection. The platelet function in the renal transplant patients was normal and there was no difference between groups I and II. The specific activity of protein C was decreased in patients after renal transplantation and decreasing protein C activity and progressive renal failure was found to be positively correlated in the azathioprine treated groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Mortality from ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease in Greenland.

Mortality 1968-83 from Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) and Cerebrovascular Disease (CD) was studied in native Greenlanders. Mortality from IHD was lower in Greenland than in Denmark for both males and females and especially low in Greenlandic settlements. IHD mortality decreased during the period. Mortality from CD was higher in Greenland than in Denmark with no certain time trend. Living conditions, of which a high intake of seafood may be a key factor, and/or a genetic predisposition seem to protect Greenlanders from IHD and to predispose them to CD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Protein C in acute renal failure.

In 16 patients with acute renal failure we studied protein C activity, both coagulant and amidolytic, as well as protein C antigen level. Protein C coagulant activity was markedly decreased in acute renal failure. Furthermore, changes in kidney function were paralleled by alterations in protein C coagulant activity. The amidolytic activity and antigen level of protein C were normal in most cases, and the changes observed in a few patients seem clearly related to changes in liver function. This defective protein C could contribute to the thrombotic tendency reported in patients with acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

The effect of fish oil on lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with angina pectoris.

The effect of fish oil on lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis was investigated in patients with stable angina pectoris. The patients were given a daily supplement of 4.5 g n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA's) for 4 weeks and were then randomized to the same oil or to fish oil (4.5 g n-3 PUFA's) for 12 weeks. Blood samples were taken before and after 16 weeks of oil supplementation. Lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis were measured in 14 patients treated with fish oil. There was a significant decrease in triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins but unexpectedly a significant increase in total cholesterol from 5.9 to 6.7 mmol/l after fish oil. The fibrinolytic activity at rest determined by the fibrin plate method showed a decrease after fish oil. Other measurements did not reveal any statistically significant changes. These finding necessitate caution with uncontrolled supplementation with fish oil in patients with stable angina pectoris.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1987

Plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, thromboxane B2 and PGE2 in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients during exercise.

The capacity of prostacyclin production determined as plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was investigated in 12 type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with a median duration of diabetes of 14 years during ordinary metabolic control. Using high pressure liquid chromatography preceding radioimmunoassay, the plasma concentration of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, the stable metabolite of prostacyclin, was determined at rest and after a standardised bicycle exercise test. The plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in diabetic patients at rest did not differ from that of 25 healthy volunteers; 2.9 pg/ml (range less than 0.2-15.3) versus 1.7 pg/ml (range less than 0.2-16.6). During the exercise test plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha increased significantly in the diabetic patients as well as in the control group (p less than 0.05). The increment of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in the diabetic patients was neither related to the metabolic regulation, duration of diabetes nor to changes in platelet volume, platelet number or the production of thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin E2. Our results do not support the hypothesis that Type 1 diabetic patients have a decreased capacity of prostanoid production, as suggested from in vitro studies.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1987

Fish oil in angina pectoris.

The effect of 12 weeks supplementation with fish oil on the number of anginal attacks and consumption of glyceryltrinitrate in 36 patients with stable angina pectoris was evaluated in a clinically controlled trial using a vegetable oil as placebo. Fish oil caused a decrease in frequency of angina, but was not significantly superior to placebo. However, due to the small sample size and a high spontaneous variation in number of anginal attacks, a risk of up to 50% of overlooking a 30% reduction in anginal attacks could be estimated. A significant inhibition of the epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation and a significant increase in intraplatelet cyclic AMP were induced by fish oil.

Angina Pectoris↗