Biomedical subjects
J Dupont
Publications and source records attributed to J Dupont.
The effect of ethanol and/or acetaldehyde on the incorporation of U14C-glucose into human umbilical artery lipids.
The effect of ethanol, acetaldehyde and a combination of ethanol and acetaldehyde added in vitro was determined on their abilities to alter conversion of glucose to lipid. When human umbilical arteries were perfused with acetaldehyde at a 0.5% concentration, a significant reduction (p less than 0.05) of 14C incorporation into lipid was observed. This reduction was found to be the result of depressed incorporation of glucose into phospholipid (PL) and triacylglycerides (TG). Acetaldehyde at a concentration of 0.25% appeared to depress incorporation; however, this was not significant. Acetaldehyde plus ethanol at final equal concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0% had no effect on incorporation of U14 C-glucose into lipid. Ethanol at concentrations of 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.125% had no effect on the incorporation of U14 C-glucose into lipid. The study suggests that acetaldehyde can depress the conversion of glucose into umbilical artery lipids. However, acetaldehyde in the presence of equal concentrations of ethanol does not exhibit this ability to depress conversion of glucose to lipids suggesting some cellular counter effect of these two agents.
Abnormalities of chromosome no. 1: two cases with lymphocytic lymphomas.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Ph1-negative chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) with an unusual karyotype.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Prostaglandins and their metabolites in the gastrointestinal tract of Yucatan miniature swine.
Concentration of prostaglandins E1, E2, F2alpha, and 15 keto, 13, 14-dihydro F2alpha (MPF2alpha), were measured in gastric, duodenal, jejunal, and ileal mucosa, and in the luminal contents of these gastrointestinal segments in miniature swine at 30, 60, and 120 min after they ingested a liquid nutrient meal. Large quantities of E1 and F2alpha were present in gastric contents at 30 min with lesser amounts of E2 and MPF2alpha. The concentrations of E1, E2, and F2alpha in the gastric contents decreased progressively with time after feeding. The total quantity and the concentrations of E1 and F2alpha decreased with passage of ingesta through the duodenum and jejunum. Mucosal concentrations of E1 and F2alpha were greatest in the duodenum and proximal jejunum and lowest in gastric mucosa. These results indicate that there is considerable production and metabolism of prostaglandins in the gastrointestinal tract, with major amounts secreted into the luminal contents of the stomach and duodenum after food intake.
Rat platelet prostaglandin, cyclic AMP and lipid response to variations in dietary fat.
Diets supplying 20 or 40% of the calories as fat with linoleate to saturated fatty acid ratios of 0.4, 0.8 and 5.5 were fed to male weanling rats for 8 and 11 weeks. Recalcification clotting time was not affected by dietary treatment. Concentration of cAMP in the platelets was significantly elevated at the highest level of dietary linoleate. Cyclic AMP was negatively correlated with concentration of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid in platelet phospholipids and positively correlated with prostaglandin E1, suggesting that dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid is rapidly converted to prostaglandin E1 causing a rise of cAMP due to stimulation of adenylate cyclase. Dietary treatment did not markedly change the composition of the platelet phospholipid fatty acids and, therefore, resulted in no change in synthesis of the proaggregatory prostaglandin by platelets during clotting. Although the fatty acid composition of the platelet phospholipids remained constant, dietary treatment did affect the total amount of phospholipid fatty acid present in the platelet. Serum concentrations of cholesterol were significantly higher in rats fed the 20% fat diet than in rats fed the 40% fat diet. Platelet cholesterol followed the same trend as serum cholesterol indicating that the cholesterol content of platelets appears to reflect the lipid environment of the plasma.
Etiology of infections in neutropenic patients with acute leukemia. Results of two antibiotic combinations.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Androgen therapy during myeloblastic leukemia remission induced by two drug combinations.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Intracerebral myiasis in a child.
Larvae of Hypoderma bovis accidentally parisitize man. These larvae can penetrate into the brain by a path which remains unknown, causing an intracerebral haematoma and clinical signs. Computerized tomography shows the haematoma, and carotid angiography shows the absence of a vascular malformation, but these examinations do not allow etiological diagnosis. This is suggested by seroimmunological examinations and by the discovery of the larva during the operation. We report findings in a 6 1/4 year old boy.
Prostaglandins in human duodenal secretions.
Prostaglandins E1, E2 and F2 alpha were measured in duodenal secretions from two healthy, fasting male subjects. Secretions were collected by duodenal intubation prior to, and following, stimulation by secretin and cholecystokinin. Prostaglandins were measured with a radioimmunoassay technique. The ranges of concentrations found were PGE1: 2.4-110 ng/ml, PGE2: 0.004-1.51 ng/ml, and PGG2 alpha: 0.44-14.6 ng/ml.
Effects of dietary essential fatty acid concentration upon prostanoid synthesis in rats.
The effects of dietary linoleate as zero to 27% of energy, fed to female rats for 6 months, in relation to ability of whole blood to synthesize PG during clotting at 37 degrees was studied. Synthesis of PGE1, PGE2, PGF2 apha and TXB2 after 10 or 40 minutes of incubation of whole blood was determined by assay of serum concentration by radioimmunoassay. Fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids, cholesteryl esters and acyl glycerides was determined. PG synthesis increased with linoleate as zero to 2% of kcal; from 2% up to 7% there was a decrease of PG synthesis; from 7% to 27% there was a linear increase. There was no pattern to PGF2 alpha maximum concentration. PGE2 had a linear increase from 0 to 30% linoleate. PGE1 decreased with 0 to 2% linoleate, then increased between 2 and 7% and maintained a plateau through 27%. The concentration of TXB2 was found to be about 20-40 times that of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha. The decline of PGE1 synthesis with 2-7% linoleate calories was correlated with 20:3n-6 concentration and PGE2 and PGF2 alpha production with 20:4. With dietary linoleate concentrations greater than 7.4% PG synthesis had a linear increase up to 27% of kilocalories, not correlated with fatty acids.
[An improved technique for radiological examination of the small intestine (author's transl)].
An improved technique for radiological examination of the small intestine by barium meal follow through is described, the method being based on an increase in amount of the volume of the meal: three glasses of 300 ml of a diluted 2/3 solution of micropaque. Opacification of the ileocecal region was obtained in 85 p. cent of 500 cases examined, in less than one hour. Intravenous injections of metoclopramide or neostigmine were given in 25 p. cent of cases.
[Technics and results of surgery in pelvilingual cancer].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The relationship of dietary fats to prostaglandin biosynthesis.
The direct and indirect evidence that the fatty acid composition of dietary fat is involved in the regulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis was reviewed. Direct evidence included effects of essential fatty acid deficiencies and excesses on endogenous tissue levels and production rates of prostaglandins by several tissues. Indirect evidence included lipolytic, platelet aggregatory, hypertensive, inflammatory and immune responses. In general, composition of dietary fat did not affect prostaglandin biosynthesis unless a biochemical essential fatty acid deficiency was induced or the linoleate to saturated fatty acids ratio of the dietary fat was greater than 5. Most results were interpreted in light of changing fatty acid composition; however, very few direct measurements have been made.
Increased prostaglandin synthesis in childhood diabetes mellitus.
Prostaglandins are synthesized from the fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic acids, and are associated with increased platelet aggregation as has been found in blood from patients with diabetes mellitus. In the present study blood was obtained from 40 children with diabetes and from 20 control children for measurements of fatty acid and PGE1, PGE2, and PGF2alpha levels. The production of PGE2 and PGF2alpha was significantly elevated in blood from the children with diabetes at all times measured. The mean quantitative plasma linoleic acid levels were also higher in the patients. The increased PG synthesis may be related to the vascular problems that occur in patients with diabetes.
Ambulatory nursing. EENT emergencies.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Abnormal levels of prostaglandins and fatty acids in blood of children with cystic fibrosis.
12 children with cystic fibrosis (C.F.) had lower levels of the essential fatty acid, linoleic acid, in plasma and in red blood cells, than did control children, and production of prostaglandin F2alpha (P.G.F2alpha) was higher than in controls. After 10 months of oral linoleic-acid supplementation in 6 of the children with C.F., the linoleic-acid levels in plasma, red cells, and platelets were higher and P.G.F2alpha production was lower than in the 6 children with C.F. who received a placebo lipid. Prostaglandin F2alpha is associated with bronchoconstriction and its increased production in children with C.F. might be causally related to their chronic pulmonary disease.