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J Dudeck

Publications and source records attributed to J Dudeck.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Recommendations of the German Association for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology for education and training in medical informatics.

In the fields of health care and medicine there is an immense demand for a systematic application of methods of information processing and for the use of computers. Obviously, to that end well-trained scientists and qualified personnel must be available. With the present recommendations on education and training in medical informatics the German Association for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (GMDS) proposes structure and contents of medical informatics curricula and courses. The recommendations describe a 2-dimensional educational framework with different education levels in one dimension and various types of educational needs and orientation in the other one. The recommendations comprise at the university level education as well specialized curricula covering the total spectrum of medical informatics as well as informatics curricula with medical informatics as integrated applied subject or subsidiary subject, respectively. Besides these informatics-oriented approaches medical-oriented programs of education in medical informatics are recommended, e.g., post-graduate education in medical informatics for physicians based on foundations in medical informatics as part of their initial training in medicine. At the level of polytechnical schools curricula of medical documentation and informatics and at the level of professional schools training in medical documentation are recommended. This report is a translation of its German original. Although considered by the GMDS as recommendations for the Federal Republic of Germany, the text may also contribute to the development of an international, especially European framework of training in medical informatics.

Germany↗
PubMed1991

WING--entering a new phase of electronic data processing at the Giessen University Hospital.

At the Giessen University Hospital electronic data processing systems have been in routine use since 1975. In the early years developments were focused on ADT functions (admission/discharge/transfer) and laboratory systems. In the next decade additional systems were introduced supporting various functional departments. In the mid-eighties the need to stop the ongoing trend towards more and more separated stand-alone systems was realized and it was decided to launch a strategic evaluation and planning process which sets the foundation for an integrated hospital information system (HIS). The evaluation of the HELP system for its portability into the German hospital environment was the first step in this process. Despite its recognized capabilities in integrating decision support and communication technologies, and its powerful HIS development tools, the large differences between American and German hospital organization, influencing all existing HELP applications, and the incompatibility of the HELP tools with modern software standards were two important factors forcing the investigation of alternative solutions. With the HELP experience in mind, a HIS concept for the Giessen University Hospital was developed. This new concept centers on the idea of a centralized relational patient database on a highly reliable database server, and clinical front-end applications which might be running on various other computer systems (mainframes, departmental UNIX satellites or PCs in a LAN) integrated into a comprehensive open HIS network. The first step towards this integrated approach was performed with the implementation of ADT and results reporting functions on care units.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed1991

Knowledge representation in pharmacology. A possible application area for the Arden Syntax?

In 1990 the Arden Syntax was proposed as a first version of a standardized syntax for the representation of medical knowledge. For the evaluation of the practicability of this first release we have analyzed the medical and pharmacological knowledge applied in the process of drug prescription. The separation of declarative (e.g. in a semantic network) and procedural knowledge is a basic issue of our research. We therefore propose to further extend the Arden syntax with declarative knowledge representation facilities. One way to do this may be the incorporation of a standardized medical data dictionary (e.g. the UMLS Metathesaurus) which promotes the representation of medical terms in a semantic network. Furthermore the problem of 'institution-specific knowledge', which is especially important for the issue of knowledge sharing between different institutions, is analyzed based on examples of knowledge modules for monitoring drug allergies and drug-drug-interactions.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temporal propositions in a HIS-oriented expert system shell.

This paper describes one of the most important aspects in our recent research on building a HIS-oriented expert system shell: representation and processing of temporal propositions about time-series. With respect to time attribute, medical objects have been classified into three categories: time-independent objects, pointwise time-dependent objects and durationwise time-dependent objects. Temporal propositions can be applied only to time-dependent objects. Through implementation of fuzzy relational operators and their uses, the representation and processing of such propositions become more reasonable and more natural.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Certainty factor theory and its implementation in a medical expert system shell.

In this article some topics related to the MYCIN-model for uncertainty handling are discussed. First, it is pointed out that one of the problems identified by Adams should be considered as evidence supporting the point of view that the probabilistic interpretations of measures of belief and measures of disbelief given by Shortliffe are inappropriate. In this context some results achieved by Heckerman are reviewed, and it is shown that similar problems can be identified in the interpretation given by him. It is also pointed out that Heckerman's argument that the original probabilistic interpretation of certainty factors implies non-commutative evidence-updating is not correct. Then, in the context of the result achieved by Horvitz and Heckerman, in which it was proven that there is an isomorphic mapping from the evidence combination scheme for the likelihood ratio to the evidence combination function in EMYCIN and its successors, it is pointed out that the evidence combination scheme for the likelihood ratio suffers from a great restriction on its applicability in expert systems. Subsequently, some short remarks are made with respect to the complaint that sometimes the MYCIN model cannot work as well as expected. Lastly implementation of the certainty factor mechanism in a HIS-oriented expert system shell with some substantial changes is described.

Databases, Factual↗