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J Duchateau

Publications and source records attributed to J Duchateau.

208 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cellular interactions in the lymphocyte response to PHA in old people].

Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from the same number of old subjects (OS) and young subjects (YS) have been separated into subpopulations of T cells (T1 and T2 fractions) and B cells. Phagocytes were removed by carbonyl iron. The recovery in T1 is reduced in the OS. Their PHA response is inhibited by monocytes but not by polynuclears (PN). The response of their peripheral T cells is not reduced but it is not enhanced by adding PN. There is a normal T-B cell interaction in the response to PHA. It is suggested that the impaired PBL response to mitogens is secondary to the reduction of their content in T1 lymphocytes.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Normalization of complement activation and consumption in diabetic children and adolescents after switch-over from porcine to semisynthetic human insulin.

As the use of human insulin could possibly modify the immunogenicity of insulin, the present prospective study compares complement evaluation (CH50, C3, C3d/C3, C4) as well as other immunological factors (insulin antibodies, autoantibodies, ...), metabolic control (HbA1, lipids, ...) and clinical data (insulin dose/kg, number of hypoglycaemic episodes, ...), before and after a switch-over from monocomponent porcine insulins (Actrapid MC, Monotard MC) to human semisynthetic insulins (Actrapid HM, Protaphane HM). Forty-six type I diabetic children and adolescents (mean age +/- SD: 14.3 +/- 3.8 years) participated in the trial. The duration of diabetes ranged from 1.0 to 16.9 years (mean +/- SD: 7.3 +/- 3.7). The study protocol consisted of a 9 month period during which, at monthly intervals, the subjects were assessed clinically and blood samples taken for measurement of biological data. After 3 months, porcine insulins were switched to human insulins. The main results were as follows: 1) The insulin dose/kg was increased after the switch-over (porcine insulin: 0.90 +/- 0.03 U/kg; human insulin: 0.98 +/- 0.03 U/kg; p less than 0.001). This can perhaps be explained by the different bioavailabilities of Monotard MC and Protaphane HM. 2) The objective degree of metabolic control (HbA1), as well as the HDL-cholesterol level and the apo A1/B ratio, were not statistically different before and after the switch-over. 3) IgG insulin antibody binding was not statistically different on transfer from porcine insulin to semisynthetic insulin. 4) Mean level of total IgE and IgE specific insulin antibodies, determined before and after the switch-over, were not different. 5) Autoantibodies and antinuclear factor were unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Haemodynamic, gasometric and haematological effects of air infusion in dogs: leukotriene inhibition with U-60,257.

Air embolization has been shown to produce a reversible permeability-type of pulmonary oedema. The present study investigated the haemodynamic, gasometric and haematological changes associated with air infusion in the spontaneously breathing dog (weight 31 +/- 5 kg). Air was infused at a rate of 10 ml X min-1 for 60 min (10 dogs) or 180 min (5 dogs). During the air infusion, a dramatic increase in pulmonary artery pressure was associated with only a moderate increase in right atrial pressure and limited decreases in arterial pressure and in cardiac output. A marked decrease in end-tidal PCO2 reflected the increase in dead space. These changes were stable during air infusion, but rapidly reversed after the end of infusion. However, hypoxaemia, defined by a decreased PaO2/PAO2 ratio, deteriorated with time and was only partially reversible. At histological examination, interstitial pulmonary oedema was present around the pulmonary arterioles. Air infusion was associated with rapid decreases in circulating leukocytes and platelets and complement activation. Since leukotriene release might be associated with leukocyte activation in this model, seven additional dogs were pretreated by inhalation of 10 mg of the leukotriene inhibitor U-60,257. The increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and in pulmonary shunt were moderately reduced and the drop in circulating leukocytes and platelets was strikingly abolished in the treated animals. Air infusion in the spontaneously breathing dog represents a model of very stable and reversible pulmonary hypertension. It can reproduce important pathophysiological features implicated in the development of pulmonary oedema.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of 163 latissimus dorsi muscle flaps].

During the last 9 years, 163 latissimus dorsi flaps (LTD) were used in our department for different kinds of reconstructions. The indications for raising this flap were various. The pedicled flap (129 cases) provided an adequate solution for breast reconstruction (109 cases). As a free tissue transfer (34 cases) the LTD flap was mainly used for head and neck reconstruction (12 cases) after removal of infiltrating tumours. In the lower limb (12 cases) this myocutaneous flap remained an ultimate solution for coverage of open fractures, exposed osteosynthesis material and for treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. The authors further stress the constant anatomy and the ease of dissection. Removal of the muscle leaves minimal functional donor deficits. The high success rate of 95% as a pedicled flap and of 94% as a free flap highlight the reliability of the LTD flap and advocate its use for "all seasons".

Back↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computer hardware for a surgical service].

While the bulk of all medical information is text, we think that the hardware needed to collect this information and to store it in a databank, must be essentially a first class work processor, working in a multi-user system with terminals where this information is gathered: the nursing stations, operating theatres, outpatient clinics and a working and archiving station centrally placed and capable to link those different terminals and those from other services as well.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biochemical pathways of acute lung injury.

Complement fragments (C3, C3d, C5a), thromboxane B2 (TxB2), 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) were measured in 98 patients at risk of developing the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): 53 multiple trauma, 28 abdominal surgery and 17 acute pancreatitis. Sixty-five of these patients developed ARDS: 30 multiple trauma, 19 abdominal surgery and 16 acute pancreatitis patients. Forty of the 65 ARDS patients and 9 out of the 33 non-ARDS patients died. Mean value of the C3d to C3 ratio was abnormal in both ARDS and non-ARDS patients. C5a-like activity was detected in 70 out of the 98 patients (49 ARDS and 22 non-ARDS patients). TxB2 abnormal values (greater than 100 pg . ml-1) were found in 70% of the patients, especially when sepsis occurred. No correlation could be made between abnormal 6-keto PGF1 alpha values and ARDS or sepsis. The mean peak IRT value was 675 micrograms . 1(-1) for ARDS patients and 274 micrograms . 1(-1) for non-ARDS patients (p less than 0.05). A firm correlation was also measured between IRT and sepsis (p less than 0.01). C5a-like activity was regularly detected soon after injury, while TxB2 and IRT tend to appear later in patients developing ARDS. Neither C3d/C3, nor C5a-like activity, nor TxB2, nor IRT are specific markers of ARDS, since they also appeared in severely ill patients who did not develop ARDS.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pilonidal sinus. Excision--marsupialization--phenolization?

Too often still this disease is called sacrococcygeal cyst, pointing into the direction of congenital etiology. With this paper (and a review of the literature) we try to proof that the theory of acquired origin of pilonidal sinus is the only one logically to be accepted. We indicate that extensive surgical procedures such as Z-plasty rotated flap or broad excision--are really unnecessary and that a simple and accurate technique--marsupialization--gives excellent results with a minimum of recurrences. The last few years phenolization of the pilonidal sinus has become a popular, and eventually a worthwhile alternative.

Adult↗