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J Drucker

Publications and source records attributed to J Drucker.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Use of a combined DTP-polio vaccine in a reduced schedule.

A five-year serologic follow-up and a four-year monitoring of the polio and pertussis morbidity in an area immunized with a 2 + 1 dose schedule of a combined DTP-Po vaccine have shown that: the individual protection against polio measured by the presence of neutralizing antibody persists at a very adequate level five years after the first booster; after three years of a steady high proportion of children with pertussis antibody, a considerable drop is observed and in about 28% of individuals agglutinin levels of less than 1:20 were found five years after booster; the community protection against paralytic poliomyelitis and pertussis is satisfactory up to four years after the introduction of the program. Continuation of immunization with a 2 + 1 dose schedule at a maximal coverage and close seroepidemiologic surveillance are necessary in order to draw definite conclusions, because of the potentially strong impact of very dynamic ecological factors present in our geopolitical area upon the agent-host interrelationship.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of a new combined inactivated DPT-polio vaccine.

A new combined DPT-Poliovirus vaccine (DPTP) has been developed in France. It contains the DPT components mixed with poliovirus antigens, prepared by culture on vero cells on microcarriers, inactivated by formalin and formulated at a level of 40-8-32 D-antigen units for the type 1, 2 and 3 respectively. A clinical evaluation of this vaccine was conducted in Mali (West Africa) among 320 infants 3 to 24 months of age. The infants were randomly assigned to 3 groups. One group received 2 doses of DPTP, a second group 2 doses of DPT and poliovirus vaccine (IPV) given in two separate sites, the third group 2 doses of DPT and oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). In each group the 2 doses were given 3 months a part. No severe adverse reactions were observed and no statistical difference was noticed between the three groups for minor side effects. A seroconversion rate of 100% was observed to poliovirus antigens in the groups who received IPV simultaneously or combined with DPT, as compared to 49 to 77% in the group who received OPV. A seroconversion rate of 100%, 100% and 92% was shown in the DPTP group respectively to diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis antigens. No statistical difference was recorded between the 3 groups in the serological response to DPT antigens. A follow-up could be performed in 74 children one year after primary vaccination and a dramatic response to a booster dose of DPTP was measured.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Pertussis immunization of infants using a new combined DTP-polio vaccine.

As part of the evaluation of a new combined Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis-Poliomyelitis (DTP-Polio) inactivated vaccine, the pertussis agglutinin response was studied in 62 infants, two to three months old. Each dose of vaccine combined these antigens in a 0.5 ml volume, and contained at least four International Protective Units of pertussis antigen adsorbed on aluminium hydroxide. Infants were vaccinated with three doses of DTP-Polio vaccine at two month intervals. Pertussis agglutinin determinations showed a satisfactory response after two DTP-Polio vaccine doses. Although higher agglutinin titres were apparent after three doses than after two, no significant difference was observed in the seroconversion rate after two or three doses (88.8% and 96.3% respectively). The DTP-Polio vaccine would thus seem suitable for use in a two-dose primary immunization schedule against pertussis.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1985

Rotavirus electrophoretypes in infantile gastro-enteritis. An epidemiological study.

From January first 1978 to September 30, 1981, 93 fecal samples from children hospitalized with a rotavirus gastro-enteritis were tested after RNA extraction and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 14 electrophoretypes (TI--T14) were identified by this technique. They were studied in relation with epidemiological as well as clinical symptoms. No electrophoretype correlated well with age or living area. The electrophoretype T3 was found only in male infants and the electrophoretype T7 was 3 times more frequent in boys than in girls. The electrophoretype T4 was prevailing during the winter 1980-1981 and the electrophoretype T5 prevailed during the summer 1981. 19 infants were probably contaminated during their stay in the hospital, 9 of them with the electrophoretype T4 prevailing at that time. The prevalence of associated otitis and rash was significantly higher with the electrophoretype T3. The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique appears to be a simple, and reliable epidemiological tool to evaluate rotavirus infection in communities.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

[C-reactive protein of the cerebrospinal fluid in children. A new evaluation of its diagnostic value].

The presence of C-reactive protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been proposed as an early indicator of bacterial meningitis in children. A commercial latex agglutination test (CR-test, Hyland) was performed in CSF obtained at first lumbar puncture in 114 children (26 neonates and 88 children aged from 1 month to 15 years) presenting with meningitis-like episodes. The CSF was regarded as normal in 41 cases; 50 had non-bacterial meningitis, and bacterial infection was diagnosed in 14 and suspected in 9. The latex agglutination test was positive in the first CSF sample from 2 neonates with bacterial meningitis, but its specificity was low (= 0.58). In older infants and children the test was positive in 18/21 cases of bacterial meningitis (sensitivity = 0.86) and negative in the 18 cases with normal CSF, as well as in 47/49 cases of non-bacterial meningitis (specificity = 0.97). The presence of C-reactive protein in CSF obtained at first lumbar puncture therefore is unreliable to distinguish between bacterial and aseptic meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Familial occurrence of cancer of the colon and the rectum: results of a 3-year case-control survey].

A case-control study of the familial prevalence (first-degree relatives) of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) was performed from October 1979 through March 1983 in: (a) 170 consecutive patients with histologically proved rectal (n = 64) or colonic (n = 106) adenocarcinoma; cases of familial polyposis coli and cancer family syndrome were systematically excluded from the study; (b) 170 control subjects, who were free of CRC or colorectal adenoma(s) and matched to patients according to sex and age; (c) 170 consecutive patients with common rectal or colonic adenoma(s), and no evidence of polyposis coli; (d) 100 patients with cancer of various organs, excluding CRC and primary tumours known to be epidemiologically related to CRC. Results of family studies were expressed as "proved" (when the pathological report was received) or "probable" CRC. Eighteen (10.6 p. 100) of the 170 patients with CRC had at least one first-degree relative with past or present proved CRC, and 14 (8.2 p. 100) with probable CRC; the corresponding figures were 3 (1.7 p. 100) proved and 3 (1.7 p. 100) probable CRC in the control group, 14 (8.2 p. 100) proved and 11 (6.5 p. 100) probable CRC in the "adenoma" group and 1 (1 p. 100) and 3 (3 p. 100) in the non-colonic carcinoma group. The relative risk of CRC in close relatives was 6.3 and 4.7 in the CRC and adenoma groups respectively. For the variables studied no significant differences were found between males and females.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Vaccine against hepatitis B in children: prevention of hepatitis in a pediatric hemodialysis unit.

In a pediatric hemodialysis unit, 10 children (aged 1 to 14 years) with chronic renal failure were immunized against hepatitis B infection (HB) by means of a vaccine. The vaccine was prepared by purification of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HGs Ag) from human sera and was formalin inactivated. Seven children were undergoing periodic hemodialysis and three were still managed with conservative treatment. There HBs Ag chronic carriers children were also dialysed in the unit and therefore represented a permanent high risk of HB for the whole unit. All the vaccinated children sero-converted for antibody to HBs Ag (anti-HBs) after vaccination. A follow-up from 16 to 33 months did not evidence clinical, biological and serological sign of hepatitis B in the vaccinated children. Presence of anti-HGs and absence of appearance of hepatitis B following immunization suggest that hepatitis B vaccine has represented for these children an effective means of prevention against hepatitis B infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Epidemiological and serological study of hepatitis A virus outbreaks in France: a comparison between immunoadherence and radioimmunoassay.

An epidemiological study and the simultaneous evaluation of anti-HAV antibody using radio immunoassay (RIA) and immunoadherence hemagglutination assay (IAHA) was performed during three hepatitis A epidemics in the Tours area (France). Fifty-seven sera from 35 subjects with viral hepatitis type A and 16 sera from nine children who did not develop any clinical signs of hepatitis were studied. The more explosive epidemic occurred in an institution for mentally retarded children (attack rate 68%). The two major outbreaks observed were due to the introduction of the institutions of individuals infected with hepatitis A virus. Two out of three of the index cases had a seafood dinner three to four weeks before onset of jaundice. Sera taken one week after jaundice were always found to be anti-HAV positive by both RIA and IAHA, and sera taken more than three days before the appearance of jaundice were negative by both methods. Sera taken at the peak of the transaminase elevation were anti-HAV positive by RIA but only one out of two were positive by IAHA. The anti-HAV titre by RIA increased from the time of the appearance of jaundice and the highest titres, over 1/20000 were seen only after several months. Observations of subjects in close contact with patients who seroconverted without any manifestation of hepatitis, confirmed the existence of clinically mute infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Bartter's syndrome: seven cases in siblings. Hypothesis of mild forms (author's transl)].

Three children with a Bartter's syndrome have been investigated: all of them had growth retardation, hypokalemia (less than 3 mmol/l), raised plasma renin activity and urinary prostaglandins (PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) and a decreased sensibility for angiotensin. In the siblings two children had also growth retardation with mild biological signs of Bartter's syndrome, and two children had normal growth slight hypokalemia raised RPA and urinary PH, and normal sensibility for angiotensin. These data suggest mild forms of this syndrome which could be the Bartter's syndrome diagnosed in adults after laxatives or diuretics absorption. Besides these data stated a negative correlation (p less than 0,01) between plasma K+ and RPA, negative correlation (p less than 0,01) between plasma K+ and urinary PGE2 and a positive correlation (p less than 0,01) between RPA and urinary PGE2. From these observations physiopathology of Bartter's syndrome is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Antibiotic audit].

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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma in intertropical Africa: relationship between age and hepatitis B virus etiology.

Clinical observations of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) at Le Dantec Hospital, Dakar, Senegal, were studied to determine a correlation with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Of the 103 patients with PHC, 80 had an active HBV infection (HBsAg and/or anti-HBc); 23 showed signs of previous HBV infection (anti-HBs and anti-HBc). The two groups were similar in the detection of alpha-fetoprotein (approximately 60%) and in the major clinical findings: hepatomegaly, 76.25% and 86.96%, respectively; and ascites, 57.50% and 47.83%, respectively. Jaundice, however, was three times more frequent (P < 0.01) in the group of patients with signs of active HBV replication. Distribution of HBV markers as a function of age at onset of PHC revealed that the presence of HBsAg was primarily confined to the sera of the younger patients (< 50 yr old). When compared with leprosy patients and blood donors, the younger PHC patients differed in the frequency of detection of HBsAg and anti-HBs. The older people (> 50 yr old) in the three groups (PHC patients, leprosy patients, and blood donors) had identical HBV markers.

Adolescent↗