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Biomedical subjects

J Dormont

Publications and source records attributed to J Dormont.

122 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pleuropulmonary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus].

Pleuro-pulmonary manifestations are frequent in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), being found in 40 to 70% of patients with this disease. However, these manifestations can be attributed to SLE only when other pathologies, and notably infections, have been excluded. The truly SLE-related pleuro-pulmonary manifestations can be divided into five types: pleurisy, interstitial pneumonia, lupus pneumonia and two new entities: diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage and pulmonary arterial hypertension. The most frequent manifestation, pleurisy, only requires symptomatic treatment combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Corticosteroids are seldom necessary, but they must be used in lupus pneumonia or in diffuse interstitial pneumonia, owing to the severity and potentially poor prognosis of these two manifestations. Pulmonary haemorrhage is a serious and probably underestimated manifestation; it is diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage which also enables other causes, in particular infections, to be excluded. As soon as the aetiological diagnosis is made, high-dose corticosteroid therapy, usually combined with immunosuppressants, is mandatory. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a classical, but hitherto unrecognized manifestation of SLE which benefits from new exploratory techniques, such as doppler-ultrasonography. At present, its diagnosis rests on data supplied by cardiac catheterization which is generally performed too late, making it irreversible and resistant to all treatments. Some of these pleuro-pulmonary manifestations are probably underestimated and they require new methods of investigation, such as bronchoalveolar lavage or doppler-ultrasonography, resulting in earlier diagnosis and treatment at an accessible stage.

Hemorrhage↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Glomerular nephropathies and B virus: apropos of 4 cases in adults, with an immunofluorescence study and review of the literature].

The association of glomerulonephritis and persistent HBs antigenemia is reported in 4 adults with nephrotic syndrome: 2 cases of membranous glomerulonephritis associated with chronic persistent hepatitis and 2 cases of membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis associated with active cirrhosis. In 3 patients, all positive for HBsAg, anti-HBc and HBeAg by radioimmunoassay, indirect immunofluorescent study was performed on kidney and liver biopsies. Glomerular deposit of HBcAg was detected in two cases. HBsAg and HBcAg were not found in the liver. The pathogenesis of such glomerulonephritis remains uncertain and the role of HBs antigen-antibody circulating immune complexes is not clearly proved. Two patients were treated with vidarabine intravenously. Vidarabine produced a transitory decrease of HBsAg concentration in 2 cases and a transitory loss of DNA-polymerase activity associated with a decrease of HBeAg concentration in one case. Neither seroconversion nor improvement of the glomerular disease were ascertained.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Recommendations for the study of drug combination therapy for the treatment of AIDS and cancer. Round Table No 7 at Giens XIII].

Medicine combinations for AIDS and cancer treatment are becoming common practice in most clinical stages. These combinations are based on clinical developments which do not follow established guidelines such as those for fixed combinations. There are no current recommendations which can guide these developments and we have tried to identify the critical steps. The main difficulty is to balance the fast development required by the poor prognosis of these diseases and the protection of patients who can only be subjected to combinations for which reasonable expectation of a favourable therapeutic index is foreseen. For each pathology, the pre-clinical evidence-needed before pilot clinical studies and the surrogate clinical end-points are considered (viral load for AIDS and response rate for cancer). These are prerequisities for randomized clinical trials, which are the only means of definitive assessment of new combinations versus existing therapies.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗