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Biomedical subjects

J Doran

Publications and source records attributed to J Doran.

61 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effect of ioglycamide (Biligram) on bile flow and biliary lipid secretion in man.

Twenty-one anicteric patients with a t-tube in situ were studied between the ninth and 11th postoperative days. Eleven patients were given an intravenous infusion of the biliary contrast agent ioglycamide (Biligram), while the other 10 acted as controls. Bile flow was recorded and the biliary concentrations of ioglycamide, bile salt, phospholipid, and cholesterol estimated in the two groups. The biliary excretion of ioglycamide was associated with a significant choleresis which was probably due to the obligatory coupling of the osmotically active contrast agent molecules with water. Biliary ioglycamide excretion did not significantly alter bile salt secretion rates. In contrast, the biliary secretion of both phospholipid and cholesterol was significantly lowered (P less than 0.001). Unlike chenodeoxycholic acid, ioglycamide significantly reduced bile acid independent cholesterol secretion (P less than 0.01), although secretion rate in terms of mumol of bile acid was essentially unchanged.

Bile↗
PubMed1978

Ioglycamide (Biligram) studies in man--plasma binding, renal and biliary excretion studies in jaundiced and anicteric patients.

When five patients with varying degrees of hepatic impairment and a T-tube in situ were given intravenous ioglycamide at a rate of 2 mg/kg/min for two hours the mean biliary excretion in the first two hours was only 3.2% of the administered dose. In contrast, in five T-tube patients with relatively normal liver function the mean biliary excretion over the same time interval was 20.6%. The mean plasma concentration of ioglycamide achieved at the end of a two-hour intravenous infusion at 2 mg/kg/min was 1427 +/- 187 microgram/ml in six anicteric patients and 1262 +/- 82 in six jaundiced patients. Despite these very similar plasma levels the 24-hour urinary excretion of ioglycamide was 42.3 +/- 3.8% of the administered dose in the patients with jaundice compared with only 18.1 +/- 2.4% in the anicteric group. These differences probably reflect the fact that the percentage of unbound contrast agent in the plasma of the jaundiced group (11.9 +/- 1.9%) was significantly higher than that of the anicteric group (6.4 +/- 0.9%). It is suggested that bilirubin and possibly other substances in the plasma are competing with ioglycamide for binding sites on albumin. These factors need to be borne in mind when performing intravenous cholangiograms on jaundiced patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Routine laboratory assessment of postoperative chest infection: a prospective study.

Postoperative chest infection was studied prospectively in 73 patients in order to evaluate standard laboratory methods of sputum examination and to relate the results to the patients' clinical state and to antibiotic therapy. When a culture medium selective for haemophilus was used in addition to unselective media, homogenisation of the specimen gave no advantage. Laboratory and clinical findings usually corresponded well. Profuse growths of Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae were clearly associated with clinical evidence of chest infection but other Gramnegative bacilli and Staphylococcus aureus much less so. Coliforms were more prominent after antibiotic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Acute urinary retention in the female.

The causes of acute urinary retention in the female are discussed in relation to 103 cases recorded over a 3-year period. The authors feel that the findings are at variance with traditional teaching on the subject. Rather than being very rare the condition is found, in fact, to be not uncommon. It is found to occur postoperatively and following childbirth. Gynaecological and neurological lesions are reaffirmed as important causes and pathology within the urinary tract is found to be a more frequent component that is usually appreciated. Our findings do not support the view that hysteria is a common cause of acute urinary retention in females.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1971

Eye movements as a function of response contingencies measured by blackout technique.

A program may have a low error rate but, at the same time, require little of the student and teach him little. A measure to supplement error rate in evaluating a program has recently been developed. This measure, called the blackout ratio, is the percentage of material that may be deleted without increasing the error rate. In high blackout-ratio programs, obtaining a correct answer is contingent upon only a small portion of the item. The present study determined if such low response-contingent material is read less thoroughly than programmed material that is heavily response-contingent. Eye movements were compared for two versions of the same program that differed only in the choice of the omitted words. The alteration of the required responses resulted in a version with a higher blackout ratio than the original version, which had a low blackout ratio. Eighteen undergraduates received half their material from the high and half their material from the low blackout-ratio version. The order was counterbalanced. Location and duration of all eye fixations in each item were recorded by a Mackworth Eye Marker Camera. On high blackout-ratio material, subjects used fewer fixations, shorter fixation time, and shorter scanning time. High blackout-ratio material failed to evoke the students' attention.

Journal Article↗