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Biomedical subjects

J Donahue

Publications and source records attributed to J Donahue.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Using the Kaminski model for evaluating philosophical thought.

A model is proposed for the evaluation of philosophical thought generated within the chiropractic profession. This model is patterned after the Kaminski et al. model used to evaluate chiropractic procedures and practices. Decisions about the knowledge status of a philosophical query are made by following a flow chart. These decisions are made based on the query items' ability to be adequately defined, philosophical plausibility and survival of philosophical "testing." The query is assigned a status as to its adequacy in terms of philosophical knowledge. The model is demonstrated using example queries. Its applications are examined and problems of implementation are discussed.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

High level expression of fms proto-oncogene mRNA is observed in clinically aggressive human endometrial adenocarcinomas.

Six micron paraffin sections of paraformaldehyde-fixed endometrial currettings of 21 benign and neoplastic endometrial specimens were assayed for tumor cell-specific oncogene expression by in situ hybridization with probes for six oncogenes, beta-actin, and the E. coli plasmid pBR322. In the benign hyperplasias and invasive adenocarcinomas, multiple oncogenes, including erbB, fms, c-myc, and Ki-ras were expressed at significant levels. For the adenocarcinomas, statistical analysis demonstrated that high levels of expression of fms-complementary mRNA correlated strongly with clinicopathologic features (high FIGO histologic grade, high FIGO clinical stage, deep myometrial penetration) predictive of aggressive clinical behavior and poor outcome. The authors discuss the role which M-CSF receptor (the fms gene product) and locally-produced M-CSF may play in the development of the observed aggressively-malignant phenotypes. They also propose that pre-hysterectomy assay of fms gene expression in endometrial currettings in FIGO Stage I patients might be clinically useful to help identify preoperatively those patients with deep myometrial penetration or other locoregional spread.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetic analysis of a case of isopropanol intoxication.

A comatose 46-year-old woman, admitted to the emergency room, had isopropanol and acetone concentrations of 2000 and 120 mg/L, respectively, in her serum. She had no known history of acute isopropanol intoxication and was otherwise physically healthy. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that the elimination of both isopropanol and its major metabolite acetone obeyed apparent first-order kinetics with half-lives of 6.4 and 22.4 h, respectively. These data contrast with the commonly held view that isopropanol is slowly metabolized. Concentrations of these analytes in cerebrospinal fluid 6 h after admission were similar to those in serum. This is the first report of the pharmacokinetics of both agents in a nonalcoholic person, and it gives the first data on concentrations of these substances in cerebrospinal fluid.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1978

Effect of amitriptyline on polarography of chlordiazepoxide.

With increasing amounts of electroinactive amitriptyline, each of the three chlordiazepoxide reduction waves shifted to more cathodic half-wave potentials and decreased in limiting current. The shift was most pronounced up the 1:1 mole ratio but continued up to ratios of 200:1. This behavior was observed in several supporting electrolytes and was not due to change in pH since this factor was maintained constant as the amitriptyline concentration was increased. Shifts in E1/2 and reductions in limiting current may arise in several ways, such as complex formation between the two drugs or adsorption of the amitriptyline onto the surface of the dropping mercury electrode hindering chlordiazepoxide reduction. Most data point to adsorption as the cause.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute lung injury induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase in hamsters.

Human neutrophil elastase (HNE) is the predominant elastolytic enzyme in the sputum of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. However, a variably small portion of the activity can be ascribed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase (PaE). The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the activities of the two elastases in an in vivo model of acute lung injury (ALI). The elastolytic activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase (MW = 39K) and human neutrophil elastase (MW = 33K) were also examined using insoluble bovine neck and lung elastin. The ability of hamster serum to inhibit elastinolysis by the two elastases was also examined. On a per milligram protein basis, PaE was the more potent elastase, regardless of substrate, and it preferentially hydrolyzed lung relative to neck elastin. PaE is poorly inhibited by hamster serum compared to HNE. In vivo, PaE is much more efficient than HNE in inducing an acute lung injury in hamsters. The duration of effects induced by doses of the two proteases that produce similar acute biological effects are essentially identical. The increases of lung weight and total lavagable WBCs persist for at least 7 days. All other parameters return to baseline between 3 and 5 days. The predominant cells in the lavage 1 and 2 days post insult are PMNs. By day 7, the predominant cell is the macrophage. These data suggest that even though PaE is a minor component of the elastolytic activity in CF patients, it may still contribute significantly to the pathology of the disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oncogene expression in vivo by ovarian adenocarcinomas and mixed-mullerian tumors.

Six-micron paraffin sections of paraformaldehyde-fixed specimens of 24 ovarian benign and neoplastic specimens were assayed for tumor cell-specific oncogene expression by a sensitive, quantitative in situ hybridization technique with probes for 17 oncogenes, beta-actin, and E. coli beta-lactamase. In the benign, borderline, and invasive adenocarcinomas, multiple oncogenes, including neu, fes, fms, Ha-ras, trk, c-myc, fos, and PDGF-A chains, were expressed at significant levels relative to a housekeeping gene (beta-actin). In the mixed-Mullerian tumors, a rather different pattern of oncogene expression was observed, characterized primarily by expression of sis (PDGF-B chain). For the adenocarcinomas, statistical analysis demonstrated that expression of several genes (fms, neu, PDGF-A) was closely linked to others (c-fos, c-myc) known to have important roles in the control of cell proliferation, but only one gene, fms, correlated very strongly with clinicopathologic features (high FIGO histologic grade and high FIGO clinical stage) predictive of aggressive clinical behavior and poor outcome. The authors discuss the role that tumor epithelial cell expression of the fms gene product might play in the auto- and paracrine control of growth and dissemination of ovarian adenocarcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Innominate osteotomy in the treatment of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.

The absolute treatment of extensively involved cases of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) remains unsolved. The basic principle of adequate containment of the capital femoral epiphysis in its acetabulum while minimizing the disability time is widely accepted, but the definition of adequate containment and methods of achieving this goal are controversial. Some explanations for the ambiguity are the different criteria for patient selection and the greatly dissimilar methods of evaluating results. The innominate osteotomy can be an efficacious modality of treatment for those children with a femoral head "at risk," with a good range of hip motion, and if not in late Stage III or Stage IV disease. In addition, it may be indicated when conservative treatment in severe cases is not accepted or with poor compliance and in older children with subluxated femoral heads. However, each child should be evaluated and treated individually. This procedure currently does not complicate further reconstructive surgery, such as femoral osteotomies or total hip replacement. The patient and parents should have all of the aspects of the disease, especially its stages and groups, as well as the entire spectrum of treatment modalities and their ramifications, explained to them. Only then can an intelligent decision be made jointly by the physician, patient, and parents concerning management of LCPD.

Child↗