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Biomedical subjects

J Dom

Publications and source records attributed to J Dom.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Endocrinological effects of single daily ketoconazole administration in male beagle dogs.

Some endocrinological effects of single daily oral administration of 150 mg ketoconazole for 15 days were investigated in 4 male beagle dogs. Plasma testosterone fell markedly within 3-4 h and then progressively returned to control concentrations by 10 h after drug administration. On the other hand, plasma 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone and 17 alpha, 20 alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone increased within 3-10 h before returning to basal values after 24 h. Plasma LH did not rise significantly though some high individual levels were noted. Plasma cortisol and oestradiol-17 alpha levels were not significantly modified by the treatment. These results confirm that a high therapeutic dose of ketoconazole, given orally once a day, transiently inhibits in vivo the 17-20 lyase enzyme of the testis, without modifying basal cortisol and oestradiol-17 beta plasma concentrations and that enzymatic inhibition still occurs after daily treatment for up to 2 weeks but remains transient and parallels the resorption profile of the drug so that normal plasma testosterone levels are observed from 10 to 24 h after drug intake. However, permanent inhibition of androgen biosynthesis might be obtained by the administration of high doses of ketoconazole given several times a day.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1982

Haemorheological effects of ketanserin, a selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, in aged, spontaneously hypertensive dogs.

The intravenous injection of ketanserin (0.63-0.31-0.16 mg/kg) to aged, spontaneously hypertensive dogs produces a dose- and time-dependent reduction of mean arterial blood pressure. Concomitantly the whole blood viscosity at shear rates between 11.5 to 450 sec-1 is reduced in parallel with the reduction of packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) number and whole blood haemoglobin content. Plasma viscosity and plasma fibrinogen levels are slightly reduced after the highest dose of ketanserin only, while plasma osmolarity is not affected. Packed RBC viscosity and RBC deformability as measured by a filtration technique are not consistently changed by such a treatment. The reduction of PCV, possibly subsequent to plasma volume expansion during whole blood pressure reduction, is the major cause for the decrease in whole blood viscosity. Such a rheological effect of ketanserin may contribute to the reduction of peripheral vascular resistance and the maintenance of microcirculatory flow despite the decrease of capillary perfusion pressure during blood pressure reduction.

Aging↗
PubMed1978

Levamisole in ascariasis. A multicenter controlled evaluation.

An analysis is presented of 10 clinical studies from various countries where levamisole 50--150 mg was compared to pyrantel, piperazine, and placebo in a total of 1,734 patients, mostly children (levamisole: 830, controls: 904), suffering from ascariasis either as a single infection or usually mixed with other nematode infections. Degree of infection and efficacy of treatment were determined by quantitative coproparasitological methods. Levamisole produced higher cure rates (91%) and egg reduction rates (98%) than pyrantel, piperazine, or placebo. The efficacy of levamisole was unrelated to the patients' sex and age, the severity of infection, the presence of another worm infection, the type of associated worm infections, or the egg-counting technique. The overall incidence of reported adverse reactions was lower after levamisole than after piperazine, pyrantel or placebo; abdominal pain and headache, the most frequent complaints after levamisole, were related to the initial severity of ascariasis. Follow-up examinations 6 months after treatment suggested that levamisole might delay reinfection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Multinational evaluation of etomidate for anesthesia induction. Conclusions and consequences.

An overall analysis was made of 4763 case report forms from 45 anesthesiologists who used etomidate (Hypnomidate) routinely as an induction hypnotic in a total of 4127 surgical cases or compared it to thiopental in a series of controlled studies (325 on etomidate, 311 on thiopental). Premedication was standardized only in the controlled studies, and there were no restrictions on the use of anesthetic agents or techniques. Etomidate proved to be a safe and effective induction hypnotic. Sleep was deep and long enough to allow the normal induction and maintenance procedures. Blood pressure and heart rate remained remarkably stable in the 3 study groups. The incidence of respiratory depression was higher for thiopental; anesthesiologists' acceptance of etomidate was, however, reduced by the occurrence of venous pain during injection and of associated involuntary muscle movements. It is expected that these adverse effects will be largely eliminated by using the recently introduced new formulation of etomidate shortly after fentanyl.

Adolescent↗