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Biomedical subjects

J Delmont

Publications and source records attributed to J Delmont.

158 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Angiodysplasias or vascular ectasias of the intestine. Report on 8 personal cases].

Angiodysplasia or vascular ectasia of the intestine is a new pathological entity which was initially revealed by arteriography. More recently it has been found by coloscopy and is considered to be responsible for many cases of intestinal bleeding, especially in older patients The present study is based on eight patients including 2 cases of microscopic bleeding, 4 of massive hemorrhage, and 2 asymptomatic cases. There is a clear difference between intestinal angiodysplasia and other forms of vascular malformations, even though its pathogenesis is still in question. Whereas in older patients it is acquired, typically in the caecum. It can also exist congenitally in younger patients and in other locations. However, identical lesions may be observed at all levels of the digestive tract in association with certain diseases, most often vascular atheroma, but also diverse intestinal diseases (diverticulitis, colitis, polyps, cancer) and even iatrogenic diseases. Even though these malformations are frequent, the lesions often go unrecognized because special histological technics are required to reveal the arteriovenous fistulas. The major circumstance leading to this diagnosis is anemia due either to occult intestinal bleeding or massive hemorrhage (after exclusion of prevalent associated disease such as diverticulosis). Occasionally latent angiodysplasia is revealed during studies undertaken for associated disease. Positive diagnosis is based on selective angiography during massive bleeding and on endoscopic examination in case of anemia from occult bleeding. Surgical treatment should be undertaken in case of major blood loss. This usually consists of resection of the ascending colon, the most frequent site of the lesion. It is recommended that an even longer colonic segment be resected in case of associated diverticulosis. The preferred treatment of limited forms with few symptoms depends on more recent technics such as endoscopic electrocoagulation. In conclusion, many cases if occult intestinal bleeding can be explained by angiodysplasia which thus deserves better understanding and recognition.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Imported malaria in Marseilles area and epidemiological aspects of 164 hospitalized cases from 1973 to 1978 (author's transl)].

In Marseilles, 250 medical practitioners have been questioned about imported malaria cases observed in their medical practice. In 1978, they confirmed parasitologically 18 malaria cases of which only 2 cases were admitted to an hospital; in 44 other suspected cases, the diagnosis was probable from epidemiological, clinical, immunological and therapeutical arguments. Considering the number of medical practitioners in the city and the number of confirmed hospital cases of imported malaria during the same year, more cases have been treated outside the city hospitals. Between 1973 and 1978, 164 confirmed hospital cases of imported malaria occurred in Marseilles. The collected epidemiological data indicate the recent increase of the annual incidence and an equal number of cases in immigrants and in people returning from the topics. Among them, tourists, servicemen and merchant seamen are the groups most at risk. A high proportion of infections are with P. falciparum (67 p. 100), mainly from Africa, Malagasy and Comores. The diagnosis is only confirmed on an average of 5 days after the first medical advice and 2 patients died from P. falciparum infections. Travellers to tropical countries are often careless about taking prophylactic drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of intestinal nematode infections with albendazole. Preliminary results (author's transl)].

A randomized double-blind study, in order to evaluate effectiveness and tolerance of albendazole, was carried out in 186 african subjects presenting intestinal nematode infections in Mali and Senegal. The drug, well tolerated, given as a single dose of 0.4 g (adolescents and adults) or 0.2 g (children) is curative in more than 90% for ascariasis. For ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis, the effectiveness is less satisfactory in children, probably due to insufficient dosage in this age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The influence of malaria chemoprophylaxis on health of a rural community in West Africa (author's transl)].

In the village population of Mali situated in the sudan savanna, malariometric indices and hematocrit values were performed before and after mass drug administration given every 15 days by a nurse to three-quarters of the population, with the remaining quarter receiving a placebo. In this population, endemic malaria was stable and high, essentially caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The "protected" population showed a decrease of parasite rate and spleen rate with concomitent rise in hematocrit values. Following the rainy season, when transmission of malaria is highest, the normally observed increase in malariometric indices with lowered hematocrit values were not seen during chemoprophylaxis. While splenomegaly found in rural children is related to malaria, the main etiology of anaemia observed in this age group is probably malaria but a role is played by others factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum antigen of human origin using indirect immunofluorescence reaction in malaria].

The authors point out the use of P. falciparum antigens from man in the Malaria IFA test. In Malaria areas it is very easy to find them and although they are "coated" by antibodies they are quite valuable in significant titers. The use of P. falciparum from man is therefore very interesting for Malaria diagnosis in non endemic areas and very useful for Malaria surveys in endemic areas.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Water and electrolytes disorders in apudocarcinomas (author's transl)].

The authors report an analytic study of hydroelectrolytic disorders in patients with APUD tumors. In most of the cases a diarrhea occurs. The type of this diarrhea is: -- a motrice diarrhea (in the great majority of carcinoid tumor and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid); -- a secretory diarrhea (W.D.H.A.): it is the case in gastrinoma (gastric hypersecretion), in secretinoma (pancreatic hypersecretion) and in vipoma (intestinal hypersecretion). The others disorders could be no diarrhea dependant (hyponatremia by ADH hypersecretion, hypercalcemia). The personal cases of the authors are: 12 medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, 19 enteraminoma and 2 others apudomas.

Diarrhea↗