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Biomedical subjects

J De Reuck

Publications and source records attributed to J De Reuck.

177 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebrospinal fluid cytology in acute ischaemic stroke.

Quantitative and/or qualitative changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology were observed in 31.5% of 225 samples, obtained from patients with recent non-haemorrhagic cerebral infarctions. These changes were variable and did not correlate with the stroke pattern or with the topography of the softening. The CSF cytological abnormalities were statistically different according to the aetiology of the stroke. In those infarctions, due to vasculitis lesions, either of infectious or of auto-immune nature, an abnormal cytology pattern was more frequently observed than in those of atherosclerotic thrombo-embolic origin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subarachnoid hematoma in staphylococcal septicemia. A report of two cases.

Two cases of subarachnoid hematoma, due to a Staphylococcus aureus septicemia are described. The clinical as well as the pathological findings suggest a two-step evolution, consisting first in the appearance of a small to moderate stroke, due to a septic embolic occlusion of a leptomeningeal artery and to cerebral infarction, followed by rupture of the artery and the formation of the subarachnoid hematoma, acting as a mass-lesion and leading to death by uncal herniation and brain stem compression. The typical location of the hematoma over the convex surface of a cerebral hemisphere suggests that local factors, such as the vicinity of patent leptomeningeal anastomoses and the fibrosis of the leptomeninges, are probably predisposing factors for its occurrence.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fatal complications of neuroleptic drugs. A clinico-pathological study of three cases.

We report three cases of fatal hyperthermia in the course of neuroleptic drug treatment. One patient developed his symptoms within hours after a single drug dose whereas the two others had a prolonged symptomatology which lasted for several days after the administration of different neuroleptic drugs. Biochemical events included diffuse intravascular coagulation, muscle cell necrosis and acute renal failure. Rhabdomyolysis was proved pathologically in two patients but brain lesions were atypical in all three cases. We conclude that the biochemical and pathological abnormalities seen in these patients are those which have been described by some authors in the malignant hyperthermia syndrome after anaesthesia. The symptomatology however can be insidious and the syndrome can develop after withdrawal of the drugs.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radicular lesions in tuberculous meningitis. A clinicopathological study.

In the present work, the involvement of cranial and spinal nerve roots in tuberculous meningitis was studied. Cranial nerves of 11 cases and the spinal roots of three patients were examined by means of serial sections of the base of the brain, brainstem and spinal cord. Although entrapment of the nerves by the tenacious inflammatory exudate was prominent, vasculitis lesions of the cranial nerves and spinal roots were also frequently observed. The latter could be an additional cause of nerve palsies in tuberculous meningitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebellar infarction and internal hydrocephalus.

Four cases of acute cerebellar infarction producing hydrocephalus are presented. Only the patient, who is submitted to surgical decompression of the posterior fossa, survives, while the other three die. In the latter the necropsy shows a hemorrhagic cerebellar softening in the territory of the inferior posterior cerebellar artery, causing tonsillar herniation and impairment of the liquor drainage at the level of the inferior part of the 4th ventricle. It is suggested that the infarction and the hydrocephalus further progress in "avalanche effect", which is fatal unless prompt surgical decompression can be carried out.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The syndrome of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery. A clinicopathologic study of two cases.

The clinicopathologic findings in two cases of infarct in the territory of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery are presented. A distinction is made between a minimal and a maximal syndrome. In the first case the infarct in the basis pontis correlated well with the existence of a pure motor hemiplegia. In the second case more extensive pontine infarction gave rise to a more classical brainstem syndrome. In 52 anatomical specimens the origin, course and angioarchitecture of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery were studied, showing the variability in supply area. Only the paramedial and intermediolateral territories were found to be mostly constant.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An MR protocol for presurgical evaluation of patients with complex partial seizures of temporal lobe origin.

PURPOSE: To find an optimal diagnostic protocol for the presurgical MR evaluation of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. METHODS: MR imaging in 14 healthy subjects and 25 consecutive patients with temporal lobe epilepsy was performed in paracoronal sections perpendicular to the hippocampi with T1-weighted inversion recovery and T2 weighting. Volume measurements of the hippocampus/amygdala complex were performed and a multiecho sequence yielded T2-calculated images. RESULTS: Hippocampal disease was seen in 22 of 25 temporal lobe epilepsy patients on paracoronal T1-weighted inversion recovery images. Four had bilateral abnormalities. Characteristic for hippocampal disease were features such as volume loss, decreased signal, and loss of internal morphology. Only 17 of 25 patients demonstrated hippocampal pathology on T2-weighted images, and in one patient this was bilateral. Patients with only minimal structural loss on T1-weighted inversion recovery had normal T2-weighted images. T2 calculation was no more sensitive than visual assessment on the T2-weighted images. Volume measurements were normal in one patient and misleading in two patients. Lateralization, as compared with clinical and electroencephalographic findings, was most confidently done with paracoronal T1-weighted inversion recovery images and volume measurements. CONCLUSIONS: An optimum MR protocol for temporal lobe epilepsy patients is proposed. Its essential feature is that the hippocampus be evaluated by paracoronal T1-weighted inversion recovery images and volume measurements. T2-weighted imaging can be omitted.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thrombosis of the mesencephalic artery. A clinico-pathological study of two cases and its correlation with the arterial vascularisation.

Two cases of thrombosis of the mesencephalic artery are described : the location of the occlusion and of the infarcted area in the upper mesencephalon is correlated to the clinical syndrome, in particular to the existence or the absence of an oculomotor paralysis. In addition 27 normal brains are examined by means of the translucidation and the radiographic techniques after filling of the arterial system with a colloidal barium sulphate solution. This study supports the subdivision of the upper mesencephalon into five vascular territories and justifies the denomination of mesencephalic artery, which supplies a transitional region between the diencephalon and the brainstem.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Value of single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy in temporal lobe epilepsy.

PURPOSE: To study the value of different parameters derived from single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy of the mesial temporal lobes in the lateralization of the epileptogenic zone in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. METHODS: We studied 12 healthy volunteers and 21 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy refractory to medical treatment, which was clearly lateralized with electroencephalography (EEG) and MR imaging. The mesial temporal lobes were investigated with single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy using a point-resolved spectroscopic sequence with an echo time of 135 milliseconds. The normalized concentration of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), and choline-containing compounds (Cho), and the metabolite ratios NAA/Cho+Cr, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and NAA/Cho were calculated from the spectra. Using these values and an asymmetry index, we assigned the patients to one of five lateralization categories. RESULTS: The most consistent MR spectroscopic parameter for clear lateralization was the NAA/Cho+Cr ratio, followed by the NAA ratio. But with an adequate asymmetry index, the epilepsy in 17 (81%) of 21 patients could be lateralized by EEG and MR imaging with both parameters concordantly. Symmetric bilateral abnormalities were found in four of the 21 patients with NAA/Cho+Cr and in only one of the 21 patients with NAA. With both parameters, no contradictory lateralization was found; however, this was indeed the case with the remaining ratios, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and NAA/Cho, in two, three, and one of the patients, respectively. A statistically significant decrease in NAA was found on the epileptic side, but also on the contralateral side. CONCLUSION: With an adequate asymmetry index, NAA/Cho+Cr and NAA are equally sensitive in predicting the side of involvement in patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The arterial angioarchitecture in lacunar state.

The statistical data, obtained in seventy five brains with lacunar state, show that the lenticular nuclei and the periventricular arterial end-and borderzones are the main seats of the infarcts. In teen brains the relationship between the deep arterial angioarchitecture and the location of thirty lacunes is studied by means of the translucidation technique after filling the arterial system with a colloîdal barium sulphate solution. The deep perforating arteries are poorly filled and show several narrowings and post-stenotic dilatations. In twenty-four lacunes, an occlusion of the responsible artery is found. In the six remaining lacunes, no occlusion of the main artery is observed but the side-branches are not demonstrated. The significance of these findings and the relationship between the location of the occlusion and the topography of the lacune are discussed.

Basal Ganglia↗