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Biomedical subjects

J Davis

Publications and source records attributed to J Davis.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of the Berlin and Ghent nosologies and the influence of dural ectasia in the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome.

PURPOSE: To compare the Berlin and Ghent diagnostic criteria for Marfan syndrome and evaluate the utility of screening for dural ectasia in the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome. METHODS: Review of clinical and radiographic data on 73 patients evaluated for Marfan syndrome at the National Institutes of Health. RESULTS: Nineteen percent of patients diagnosed under the Berlin criteria failed to meet the Ghent standard. Dural ectasia was the second most common major diagnostic manifestation, and screening for dural ectasia established the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome in 23% of patients under the Ghent criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Some patients are appropriately excluded from the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome by the Ghent criteria. Determination of dural ectasia is valuable in the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
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The Timed Get-up-and-Go test revisited: measurement of the component tasks.

The "Timed Get-up-and-Go" (TGUG) test measures the overall time to complete a series of functionally important tasks. In the "Expanded Timed Get-up-and-Go" (ETGUG) test, times for the component tasks are measured using a multimemory stopwatch. Results from the ETGUG test were compared to those from the TGUG test on three groups of subjects: nonimpaired young, nonimpaired elderly, and elderly subjects at risk of falling. Significant differences were found between the two control groups and the at-risk group for all components of the test. Walking speed was the only measurement found to be significantly different between the young and elderly controls. The ETGUG test is a sensitive and objective assessment of function that requires minimal equipment, training, or expense. It better isolates functional deficits, thereby aiding the clinician in devising prevention strategies and guiding both treatment and further testing.

Adult↗
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The hip in Stickler syndrome.

Stickler syndrome is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder with a prevalence similar to that of Marfan syndrome. No previous study has examined hip pain or abnormalities in a large series of patients with Stickler syndrome. The purpose of this study was to describe hip abnormalities and their correlation with age and chronic hip pain in a cohort of 51 patients followed at the National Institutes of Health. Ten percent of patients had protrusio acetabuli, 21% coxa valga, and 34% of adults had hip osteoarthritis. Sixty-three percent of all patients and 79% of adults had chronic hip pain. In addition, 16% of adult patients had a history of femoral head failure during youth. Arthritic changes and adult age were associated with hip pain. In summary, hip abnormalities are commonly observed in Stickler syndrome. Young patients require careful evaluation of hip pain, and regular screening of children with Stickler syndrome may be indicated for early detection of hip complications.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
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Challenging the precepts of family-centered care: testing a philosophy.

Family-centered care (FCC) is a model of patient care delivery that encourages the inclusion of the family in the planning and provision of care. Although this model has been discussed extensively in the literature and adopted by some institutions, it is one that many have difficulty implementing. The purpose of this study was to test the elements of a FCC philosophy developed for maternal/child units at a major medical center. Questionnaires developed for this study and translated into four languages were completed by 193 parent/patient participants. The questionnaire asked participants to rate the importance of FCC interventions and report which interventions had been provided. Most of the participants were Caucasian, married, female, had an annual income of $20,000 or less, had 12 or fewer years of education, and were younger than 40 years of age. Overall, "feeling welcome when I come to the hospital" was the highest rated item by parents of hospitalized neonates and children and perinatal patients. Findings from this study will be used to implement a FCC care philosophy.

Adult↗
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Expanding horizons.

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Humans↗
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Changes in trout testis cyclic GMP concentration during hormonally induced spermatogenesis.

The concentration of cyclic GMP was determined in trout testes (Salmo gairdnerii) during hormonally-induced sermatogenesis. Early in spermatogenesis, a relatively high concentration (1 mumole/kg wet weight testis) of cyclic GMP was present. A sharp, ten-fold, decrease in testis cyclic GMP concentration occurred during the early stages of rapid mitotic activity and testis growth. A further gradual five-fold decrease in cyclic GMP concentration occurred during meiosis and the following transformation of spermatocytes into spermatids and then to mature spermatozoa.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psycho-social adjustment of rheumatoid arthritis patients from two alternative treatment settings.

Fifty rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are compared with a control sample of 72 non-patients on five attitude scales which measure psychol-social adjustment. Patients generally indicate more negative attitudes toward self, which are significantly related to variables such as severity of condition and socio-economic status. The adjustment of patients who are being treated by registered nurses (physician extenders) is not significantly different from that of patients who are being treated by physicians.

Adaptation, Psychological↗