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Biomedical subjects

J David

Publications and source records attributed to J David.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Analgesic properties and plasma concentrations of clomipramine in chronic pain].

The analgesic effect of clomipramine and the possible relationships between the antalgic action, the doses and the plasma levels of this tricyclic drug have been studied in 15 patients with chronic pain induced by nervous lesions determining a deafferentiation. Eight of 15 patients treated with clomipramine (100 mg/IV during 10 days and then 150 me per os) reported a significant improvement (up to 50 per cent during 3 to 18 months). The study of the partial coefficients of correlation did not show a relationship between plasma levels and analgesia in the total population or in the subgroup of the 8 improved patients. These results confirm the analgesic properties of clomipramine and suggest that regular monitoring of plasma levels of clomipramine does not appear of practical interest in the treatment of chronic pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Behavioral and electrical correlates of absence seizures induced by thalamic stimulation in juvenile rhesus monkeys with frontal aluminum hydroxide implants: a pharmacologic evaluation.

A new method for producing electro-clinical correlates of absence seizures (petit mal epilepsy) in conscious juvenile rhesus monkeys is described. A behavioral arrest reaction associated with concomitant 2 1/2 to 3 Hz spike and wave electroencephalograph (EEG) after discharge pattern, was obtained by thalamic stimulation in monkeys with bilaterally symmetric aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) lesions in anterior premotor cortical areas. The characteristic behavioral and EEG features associated with absence seizures appeared reproducibly, 63 +/- 5 days after aluminum hydroxide cortical implantation. This test system distinguishes between anticonvulsants that are effective in generalized seizures of the absence type and anticonvulsant drugs that are effective in focal seizures. Clinically useful anti-absence drugs, such as ethosuximide, sodium valproate, clonazepam, and trimethadione, are effective in this model. Diphenylhydantoin, which is contraindicated in absence states, increases the spike and wave after-discharge pattern. The limitations, advantages, and potential usefulness of this model in predicting anti-absence activity as well as the incidence of side effects of new drugs is discussed.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed1980

[Cerebral ischemic accidents during migraine attacks. A report on "complicated migraine"].

The authors use the term "complicated migraine" to describe the onset of neurological disorder occurring during an acute attack in a patient with chronic migraine. The disturbance may last for long periods or may be permanent, and these irreversible cerebral lesions have to be differentiated from the transient neurological effects characteristic of ophthalmic on secondary migraine. Patients with migraine and retinal lesions, as well as those with ophthalmoplegic or familial hemiplegic migraine, were excluded from the study. The seven cases reported included 5 women and 2 men with an average age of 30 years (from 14 to 51 years). A more or less severe lesion in a hemisphere was present, which led to sensory-motor signs of a hemiplegia (4 cases), an aphasia (4 cases), and a homonymous lateral hemianopia (3 cases). Exploration revealed the presence of an ischemic cerebral lesion in all cases. One or more arterial occlusions were also noted in 5 out of the 6 patients who were investigated by angiography. All cases showed the presence of the criteria thought to be essential for associating the cerebral ischemic lesion with migraine. 1) the patient had true migraine, 2) there was a close chronological relationship between the migraine attack and the lasting neurological disorder, 3) no other associated vascular disease was present (atheroma, cardiopathy). The very severe and prolonged spasm, which could be the cause of neurological disturbances in secondary and ophthalmic migraine, does not appear to be sufficient for producing an irreversible ischemic lesion and, more especially, a persistent vascular obstruction. The roles played by edema of the arterial wall and parietal changes in the vessels are discussed. It could be that thrombosis formation is encouraged by the changes in blood coagulability which may be associated with a migraine attack. The fact that anomalies in platelet aggregation have been demonstrated merits closer study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of the ability of eosinophils and neutrophils, and of eosinophils from patients with S. mansoni infection and normal individuals, to mediate in vitro damage to schistosomula of S. mansoni.

A reliable and reproducible method that produces separate fractions of pure eosinophils and neutrophils from normal peripheral blood was described. The interaction of eosinophils and neutrophils with antibody coated schistosomula was examined in vitro. Neutrophils were highly active in the 51Cr release assay and most formed rosettes with antibody coated red cells, but they adhered poorly to schistosomula and did not kill the organisms. Eosinophils, although they were less active in the 51Cr release assay than neutrophils and few formed rosettes, adhered strongly to schistosomula and, in the presence of antibody, were able to kill organisms. Organisms from patients with S. mansoni infection and eosinophilia were more effecient than eosinophils from normal individuals in their capacity to release 51Cr from labelled somula in the presence of antibody.

Antibodies↗