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Biomedical subjects

J D Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to J D Wilson.

515 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of the Th1/Th2 paradigm in transplantation: interferon-gamma deficiency converts Th1-type proislet allograft rejection to a Th2-type xenograft-like response.

The rejection mechanisms for fetal proislet allografts and pig proislet xenografts in mice are characterized by different intragraft cytokine mRNA profiles and cellular responses. Allograft rejection is predominantly CD8 T-cell-dependent and is associated with a Th1-type cytokine pattern (i.e., IFN-gamma, IL-2 but no IL-4 or IL-5 mRNA). In contrast, xenograft rejection is CD4 T-cell-dependent and is accompanied by a strong Th2-type response (i.e., enhanced expression of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA) and by marked eosinophil accumulation at the graft site. We have now examined and compared the regulatory role of IFN-gamma in both proislet allograft and xenograft rejection processes. The histopathology and intragraft cytokine mRNA profile of BALB/c (H-2d) proislet allografts were examined in IFN-gamma-deficient and wild-type C57BL/6J recipient mice. The survival of pig proislet xenografts was also assessed in IFN-gamma -/- and wild-type hosts. Both proislet allografts and xenografts were acutely rejected in IFN-gamma -/- and wild-type mice. Unlike the conventional allograft reaction, which lacks eosinophil infiltration, the rejection of proislet allografts in IFN-gamma-deficient hosts correlated with intragraft expression of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA (i.e., a Th2-type response) and eosinophil recruitment. The rejection of proislet allografts and xenografts can therefore occur by IFN-gamma-independent pathways; IFN-gamma, however, regulates the pathology of the allograft reaction but not the xenograft response. The immune destruction of proislet allografts is not prevented by Th2 cytokine gene expression; instead, the latter correlated with the recruitment of unconventional inflammatory cells (eosinophils), which may play an accessory role in effecting graft injury. Significantly, the Th1-to-Th2-like switch resulted in the novel conversion of an allograft rejection reaction into a xenograft-like rejection process.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Idiopathic giant-cell granulomatous hypophysitis. Report of a case with autopsy follow-up.

Idiopathic granulomatous inflammation of the pituitary gland occurs rarely, and is usually identified as an incidental finding at autopsy. However, it may present during life as a mass lesion that clinically mimics other more common pituitary gland lesions. We report a 54-year-old woman presenting with acute onset diabetes insipidus whose MRI showed a 1.1 cm pituitary mass, with infundibular thickening and meningeal enhancement. Biopsy demonstrated granulomatous hypophysitis with multinucleate histiocytes. Special studies for infectious organisms were negative. The patient's disease progressed following biopsy, causing complete loss of vision in the right eye. This responded to high-dose steroids and local lowdose radiation. She later developed an acute inferior myocardial infarction. Laboratory tests failed to demonstrate an underlying autoimmune process. While recovering from this myocardial infarction, she succumbed to pulmonary embolism. Autopsy revealed moderate residual chronic infundibular inflammation. No evidence of systemic or residual pituitary granulomatous disease was identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of idiopathic granulomatous hypophysitis initially diagnosed by biopsy to have post-mortem neuropathologic examination.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mixed cystic gliosarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor: a case report.

The clinical and pathologic features of a mixed (composite) gliosarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor occurring in a 54-year-old male are presented. A large cyst and the presence of Rosenthal fibers are also unusual features of this tumor. To our knowledge, such a morphologically variegated tumor has not previously been reported.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoglobulin-secreting cells in SLE: correlation with disease activity.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes which contain and secret immunoglobulin were identified by fluorescent staining and a reverse hemolytic plaque assay. Significantly increased numbers of these cells were found in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis, bacterial infections and normal controls. The increased numbers of these circulating activated B cells closely correlated with clinical and laboratory indices of disease activity, indicating their potential value in the management of lupus patients. However, the demonstration of pseudo-plaques in assays of lymphocytes from some lupus patients emphasizes the need to establish the true secreting nature of the plaques detected.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sterility test incubation issue.

The article published in the September-October 1993 issue of the Journal of Parenteral Science and Technology, entitled "The Incubation Period in Sterility Testing" is a subject that should stimulate further scientific dialogue. Let's examine the technical ramifications of the publication.

Pharmaceutical Preparations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cloning and partial sequence of the rabbit androgen receptor: expression in fetal urogenital tissues.

Genetic studies indicate that the actions of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone are mediated by a single androgen receptor (AR). The basis for the differential effects of these hormones during development is not known. To address this problem, we have turned to the rabbit, a species in which the endocrine and metabolic events in male sexual differentiation have been studied in detail. As a first step, we have cloned a partial cDNA encoding the rabbit prostate AR and have analyzed the expression of the cDNA in tissues of rabbit embryos at the time during which male phenotypic differentiation takes place. The coding sequence of the rabbit AR cDNA reveals a high degree of conservation with the sequences of the human, mouse, and rat ARs. By Northern analysis the principal transcript expressed in the mesonephros and the anlage of the external genitalia on gestation day 18 appeared to be identical to the mRNA expressed in adult prostate and epididymis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗