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Biomedical subjects

J D Welsh

Publications and source records attributed to J D Welsh.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Lactose malabsorption in adult Vietnamese.

Because of the traditional "nonmilking" attitude in Vietnam, a high incidence of lactose malabsorption would be expected in Vietnamese. However, confirming data are not available, and for this reason 31 adult Vietnamese were studied by obtaining diet histories and performing oral lactose tolerance tests. Twenty-three had drunk from one glass of milk a month to three glasses a day as adutls in Vietnam, and eight had noted milk-related symptoms. Since arrival in the United States, 30 had drunk milk and six had experienced symptoms. All 31 adult Vietnamese tested had flat lactose tolerance tests, signifying lactose malabsorption, with 20 subjects having symptoms during or after the tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Milk and lactose-hydrolyzed milk.

Seven females 18 to 26 years old (mean 23 years) who were lactose malabsorbers as determined by a lactose tolerance test were given two different test meals: 5 ml/kg body weight reconstituted nonfat dry milk and 5 ml/kg body weight reconsituted nonfat dry milk in which 92% of the lactose had been hydrolyzed to glucose and galactose. Lactose malabsorption was determined by the breath H2 test. Tests were done in duplicate for a total of 28 tests. Whether a 3-hr test period of a 5-hr test period was used, the average breath H2 response after the lactose-hydrolyzed nonfat dry milk test meals was significantly lower (P less than 0.002) than the average breath H2 response after the nonfat dry milk test meals. There were significant differences among individual responses (P lless than 0.06 for the 3-hr test period and P less than 0.09 for the 5-hr test period), and no significant differences between duplicate test days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Diet therapy of peptic ulcer disease.

Information from 326 dietitians representing 50 states and Puerto Rico on the diet therapy of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in their hospitals was analyzed. There were 74 teaching, 65 teaching/private, 46 private, 120 Veterans Administration, and 21 miscellaneous hospitals. A bland diet was the most commonly used diet for PUD in 250 (77%) of the hospitals. Of the 161 providing information on the type of bland diet, 72% used a bland I or II. Milk was given routinely or usually in 55% of the 326 hospitals. On discharge, dietitians in one-half of the hospitals instructed patients on a bland diet, usually a bland IV, whereas the remaining dietitians instructed their patients on a regular or modified regular diet. Outpatient PUD instruction was similar. Review of bland diets in 105 manuals revealed marked variation in nomenclature and composition of even supposedly similar diets. Uniformity would benefit patients, dietitians, and physicians.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Relationship between the changes in gastrin levels and intestinal properties in the starved rat.

Intestinal DNA, RNA, and protein content were decreased to a greater extent than was body weight when rats were starved for 3 days. Specific lactase and maltase activity increased with progressively longer periods of starvation. Antral and serum gastrin concentration significantly decreased during the 3 days of starvation. Pentagastrin (250 mug/kg 3 times daily) was injected into a group of rats for the duration of a 3-day starvation period and caused a small but significant increase in the relative intestinal RNA and protein content and decreased lactase and maltase specific activities in comparison with the levels of 3-day starved controls. Pentagastrin thus partially reversed some of the starvation-induced changes toward fed levels. Thus, a deficiency in the trophic hormone gastrin may be partially responsible for the disproportionate changes in intestinal tissue during starvation.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Hepatitis BS antigen, malaria titers, and primary liver cancer in South Vietnam.

A total of 306 individuals from South Vietnam were studied: 61 had a diagnosis of primary liver cancer (38 had a tissue diagnosis, and 23 had a clinical diagnosis and a positive alpha-fetoprotein); 9 had viral hepatitis; 101 were hospitalized patients (60 with various other forms of liver disease and 41 without liver disease); 94 were blood donors; 29 were drug users, and 12 were medical students. Alpha-fetoprotein was present in 45 of 61 (74%) of those with a diagnois of primary liver cancer (PLC) and in none of the other patients. Using immunoelectroosmophoresis, hepatitis BS antigen (HBSAg) was found no more frequently in those with PLC than in the other groups studied. In contrast, using a radioimmunoassay technique HBSAg was present 3 to 8 times as frequently in the PLC patients as in other subjects without viral hepatitis. There was a close relationship between the presence of alpha-fetoprotein and HBSAg in the patients with PLC. Malaria seropositivity rates were no different in the PLC groups than the other groups. It appears that in South Vietnam PLC is associated with an increased frequency of HBSAg.

Adolescent↗