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Biomedical subjects

J D Swartz

Publications and source records attributed to J D Swartz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

The laryngeal mucocele. Imaging analysis of a rare lesion.

Four patients with laryngeal mucocele (fluid-filled laryngocele) are described. Two laryngeal mucoceles were external, lying outside the thyrohyoid membrane, and two were combined, lying both internal and external to the membrane. The combined laryngeal mucoceles presented with both neck mass and hoarseness. The external lesions and one combined lesion were diagnosed using computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound. Another combined lesion had the benefit of CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to exploration. All were homogeneously hypodense at CT with rim enhancement only in the case of the laryngopyocele. The mucocele evaluated with MRI had homogeneously long T1 and T2 relaxation times similar to cerebrospinal fluid.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The petrous bone.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1990

The temporal bone: imaging considerations.

CT and MRI have revolutionized the evaluation of the temporal bone and its diseases. Conventional polytomography, once the mainstay of clinical imaging, has now been completely replaced by CT for evaluation of the middle ear, ossicular chain, and otic capsule and by MRI for the study of the internal auditory canal, cerebellopontine angle, and brainstem. This article is an overview of these current methods and depicts normal and pathologic anatomy. The technical aspects and clinical indications for both modalities are discussed.

Ear Diseases↗
PubMed1990

The temporal bone: magnetic resonance imaging.

MRI has made a remarkable impact upon diagnostic evaluation of the temporal bone and its diseases. Although high resolution CT is preferable for study of common maladies of the middle ear and optic capsule, MRI is currently the study of choice for evaluation of the internal auditory canal, cerebellopontine angle, and brainstem. MRI is also very useful in evaluations of complications of chronic otitis media. This manuscript is divided into sections on inflammatory disease, internal auditory canal/cerebellopontine angle, vascular compartments, facial nerve, and trauma. In addition, several miscellaneous entities are discussed.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Acquired disruptions of the incudostapedial articulation: diagnosis with CT.

To determine the best technique for diagnosing incudostapedial joint disruption with computed tomography (CT), the authors reviewed 15 surgically proved cases. In each case, the articulation was depicted on axial but not coronal images. Disruption was due to inflammation in ten cases and trauma in five. Axial high-resolution CT is valuable in the diagnosis of traumatic and inflammatory disruption of the incudostapedial joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Computed tomography for parotid neoplasia: a new look.

Sixty-five mass lesions of parotid origin were evaluated using thin-section high-resolution computed tomography to ascertain histologic specificity. All patients were studied after infusion of intravenous contrast media. Factors judged included the extent of glandular involvement, invasion of adjacent soft tissues, degree of postcontrast computed tomography density (relative to muscle), and the presence of calcification.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1987

Ossicular erosions in the dry ear: CT diagnosis.

Erosions of the ossicular chain that occurred as a complication of noncholesteatomatous chronic otitis media were studied with computed tomography (CT) in 55 patients. The incus (particularly the long and lenticular processes) was the ossicle most commonly involved (50 cases). Coronal and axial CT sections were complementary in the diagnosis of these erosions. Fibrous replacement of the incudostapedial articulation was diagnosed in four cases on axial CT scans when an unusually wide joint was present.

Ear Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Synthetic ossicular replacements: normal and abnormal CT appearance.

Twenty-two patients with synthetic ossicular replacements were studied with computed tomography (CT). Twelve patients had total ossicular replacement prostheses (TORPs), and ten patients had partial ossicular replacement prostheses (PORPs). Good results were achieved in 12 patients (eight with TORPs and four with PORPs). Four of these prostheses were clearly visible on CT scans, six were discernible, and two were not identified. In the ten patients with unsatisfactory surgical results, CT was performed before surgical revision. It disclosed subluxation of the prosthesis in four patients and fibrous tissue fixation in four. In two patients the CT scan appeared normal; surgery disclosed lateralization of the graft with a nonfunctioning interface.

Ear Ossicles↗
PubMed1986

Computed tomography of the disarticulated incus.

Complete incus disarticulation may be a complication of trauma, chronic otitis, or prosthetic stapedectomy. Purposeful incus disarticulation (with incus interposition) is used as a method of ossicular reconstruction. CT has been a valuable diagnostic tool for preoperative location of the incus in the former disorders and for determination of the status of the ossiculoplasty in the latter.

Ear Ossicles↗
PubMed1986

Stapes prosthesis: evaluation with CT.

We used computed tomography (CT) to evaluate 44 patients who had undergone stapedectomy with insertion of a prosthesis. Several patients had poor surgical results, including recurrent conductive hearing loss, vertigo, and sensorineural hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss occurring immediately after the procedure was most often caused by anatomic limitations or surgical technique. Causes of delayed or recurrent conductive hearing loss included reparative granuloma formation, incus necrosis (at the attachment of the wire), prosthesis subluxation (most often posterior), and regrowth of otosclerosis, which occasionally is further complicated by incus dislocation. We found that CT is often diagnostic when these complications occur. Immediate sensorineural hearing loss or vertigo can be self-limited if caused by serous labyrinthitis. When delayed, these symptoms may be due to perilymph fistula. If caused by the latter, CT may not yield abnormal findings unless subluxation of the prosthesis into the vestibule has occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Congenital middle-ear deafness: CT study.

Computed tomography (CT) was used to study 25 patients with congenital conductive hearing loss and normal external auditory canals. Deformities were subdivided according to ossicular, fenestral, and cholesteatomatous origin. Isolated ossicular deformities were found in 14 patients (five bilateral), cholesteatoma in eight, oval-window nondevelopment (with ossicular deformity) in one, and normal studies in two (congenital stapes fixation at the level of the annular ligament). Ossicular deformities may be subdivided into incudostapedial disconnections into incudostapedial disconnections (most common), malleoincudal fixations, and stapes fixations. Most are due to developmental anomaly of the first or second branchial arch. The stapes has a dual origin (second arch and otic capsule). A cholesteatoma is defined as congenital only if there is no history of otitis and the tympanic membrane is intact. In this series, six were in the middle ear proper, and two were within the attic beyond otoscopic view. Their CT appearance, with one exception, was essentially identical to that of acquired lesions.

Adolescent↗