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Biomedical subjects

J D Perry

Publications and source records attributed to J D Perry.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

ABC medium, a new chromogenic agar for selective isolation of Salmonella spp.

We describe a new chromogenic agar medium, ABC medium (alphabeta-chromogenic medium), which includes two substrates, 3, 4-cyclohexenoesculetin-beta-D-galactoside and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, to facilitate the selective isolation of Salmonella spp. This medium exploits the fact that Salmonella spp. may be distinguished from other members of the family Enterobacteriaceae by the presence of alpha-galactosidase activity in the absence of beta-galactosidase activity. A total of 1, 022 strains of Salmonella spp. and 300 other gram-negative strains were inoculated onto this medium. Of these, 1,019 (99.7%) strains of Salmonella spp. produced a characteristic green colony, whereas only 1 strain (0.33%) of non-Salmonella produced a green colony. A total of 283 stool samples were cultured onto desoxycholate citrate (DC) agar and ABC medium by direct inoculation and after selective enrichment in selenite broth. Overall, the sensitivity and specificity were superior for ABC medium (100 and 90.5%, respectively) than for DC agar (88 and 26.9%, respectively). We conclude that ABC medium offers a high degree of specificity for the detection of Salmonella spp. in stool samples.

Agar↗
PubMed1999

Rapid identification of Staphylococcus aureus by using fluorescent staphylocoagulase assays.

Two rapid (1-h) assays for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus staphylocoagulase were developed by using the fluorogenic thrombin substrates N-t-boc-Val-Pro-Arg-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (VPA) and N-t-boc-beta-benzyl-Asp-Pro-Arg-7-amido-4-methylocoumarin (BB). The assays were compared to the tube coagulase test and latex agglutination (LA) (Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom) by using 406 clinical isolates of staphylococci, and they produced positive and negative predictive values of 99.2 and 99. 1% for LA, 98.9 and 92.7% for VPA, and 98.9 and 99.1% for BB. Fluorescent assays used colonies from solid media, thereby eliminating the need for broth cultures, and were performed in microtiter trays, thus making them suitable for large-scale screening.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of periocular depigmentation after repeated botulinum toxin A injections in African American patients.

Botulinum toxin A (Botox), administered by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, is the most commonly used and most successful medication for many craniocervical dystonias. Although some patients experience side effects related to the neuroparalytic action of the medication, these side effects are temporary. In 1996, permanent periocular cutaneous depigmentation was reported in three white patients after repeated Botox injections, suggesting that loss or alteration of melanin pigment might be a permanent side effect of long-term Botox injections. The authors examined and photographed 26 African American patients who were receiving periocular Botox injections for hemifacial spasm and essential blepharospasm. The authors found no evidence of periocular cutaneous depigmentation in any of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Visual environmental rotation: a novel disorder of visiospatial integration.

A 70-year-old man experienced an unusual disorder of visual perception after undergoing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for normal-pressure hydrocephalus. The disorder was characterized by transient episodes of 90 degrees rotation of the visual environment, rather than the retinotopic visual field. This phenomenon is different from standard visual allesthesia and may have been caused by disordered integration of vestibular and visual inputs to the posterior parietal cortex or perseveration of a pre-existing environmental memory trace.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Disseminated histoplasmosis causing reversible gaze palsy and optic neuropathy.

Subacute disseminated histoplasmosis is an uncommon entity. Typical neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations are usually secondary to histoplasmomas or encephalitis. A 45-year-old man noted blurred vision while receiving empiric antituberculosis therapy for fever and diffuse granulomatous disease of unknown origin. Vertical-gaze palsy, right horizontal-gaze paresis, and mild right optic neuropathy were found on neuro-ophthalmologic examination. Further questioning revealed a history of frequent contact with fighting cocks from South America. Magnetic resonance images were consistent with multiple hemorrhagic infarcts, areas of inflammation, or both, and cerebral angiography showed changes consistent with vasculitis. A previously obtained biopsy specimen from the duodenum was restained and found to be positive for fungal elements. Serum antigen titers for Histoplasma capsulatum demonstrated evidence of active infection. This case is a rare example of a supranuclear ocular motility disturbance and optic neuropathy secondary to an occlusive vascular process in a patient with subacute disseminated histoplasmosis.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1998

Herpes simplex encephalitis and bilateral acute retinal necrosis syndrome after craniotomy.

PURPOSE: Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) syndrome is associated with members of the herpes virus family, but the mechanisms of infection remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to report a unique case of acute retinal necrosis syndrome associated with herpetic encephalitis in order to elucidate possible factors involved in herpetic central nervous system disease. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: A 64-year-old woman who developed acute herpes simplex virus encephalitis associated with bilateral acute retinal necrosis syndrome after craniotomy for resection of a suprasellar craniopharyngioma is presented. The results of lumbar puncture, magnetic resonance imaging, and ophthalmologic examination are consistent with herpetic infection. The origin of acute retinal necrosis syndrome and the association of acute retinal necrosis syndrome with encephalitis are reviewed. CONCLUSIONS: After craniotomy, we hypothesize reactivation of previously latent herpes simplex virus in the area of the inferior frontal lobe and optic chiasm. Reactivated virus may have migrated to the retina by axonal transport, through the optic nerves, to produce the acute retinal necrosis syndrome.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1998

Balloon catheter dilation for treatment of adults with partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction: a preliminary report.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy and morbidity of balloon catheter dilation for treatment of partial acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction in adults with epiphora. METHODS: We performed balloon dacryocystoplasty prospectively on a series of 15 partial nasolacrimal duct obstructions in 13 adults with epiphora. Partial obstruction was diagnosed by a negative Jones-1 test and canalicular irrigation revealing simultaneous reflux through the opposing punctum and drainage into the nose. Balloon dacryocystoplasty was performed under local anesthesia using an antegrade insertion technique. Silicone intubation of the nasolacrimal system was performed immediately after balloon catheter dilation, and the tubes were removed 2 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Success was measured objectively and subjectively at follow-up examinations 2 months and 6 months after the procedure. At 2 months, 11 (73%) of 15 obstructions were open on irrigation, with subjective success (Munk, grade 0 or grade 1) reported in 13 (87%) of 15 obstructions. At 6 months, 11 (73%) of 15 obstructions were open on irrigation, with subjective success (Munk, grade 0 or grade 1) reported in 9 (60%) of 15 obstructions. CONCLUSIONS: Balloon dacryocystoplasty may be a satisfactory primary treatment for adults with acquired partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction who exhibit no clinical signs of chronic infection. Additional long-term observations following balloon dacryocystoplasty are required.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Detection of carboxypeptidases as taxonomic markers for gram-negative bacteria.

The use of seven benzoyl-L-amino acids for the detection of carboxypeptidase activities in strains of Gram-negative aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria is reported. A simple overnight assay was designed using ninhydrin for the demonstration of the amino acid released by hydrolysis. Detection of carboxypeptidase activity was shown to have some taxonomic relevance within the Enterobacteriaceae; it was also useful for differentiation within the genus Acinetobacter and for distinction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1998

Pachymeningitis with multiple cranial neuropathies and unilateral optic neuropathy secondary to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: case report and review.

Hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis is a rare disorder that frequently presents with multiple cranial neuropathies. This disorder, which is characterized by thickening and infiltration of the cranial dura, can result from a variety of inflammatory and infectious conditions. A patient with hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis is described in whom meningeal biopsy and bacterial cultures of the biopsy specimen revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The authors believe this to be the first documented case of pachymeningitis secondary to this organism.

Ceftazidime↗
PubMed1997

Note: cyclohexenoesculetin-beta-D-glucoside: a new substrate for the detection of bacterial beta-D-glucosidase.

A new substrate for the detection of bacterial beta-D-glucosidase was evaluated as an alternative to aesculin. This substrate, 3,4-cyclohexenoesculetin-7-beta-D-glucoside, was compared with aesculin for the detection of beta-D-glucosidase in 150 enterococci, 40 streptococci, 12 Listeria sp. and 250 strains of Enterobacteriaceae. In the Gram-positive strains tested, aesculin hydrolysis correlated with hydrolysis of 3,4-cyclohexenoesculetin-7-beta-D-glucoside. In the Gram-negative strains the new substrate was hydrolysed by all aesculin-positive strains and also by four strains (10%) of Escherichia coli which gave a negative aesculin reaction. 3,4-Cyclohexenoesculetin-7-beta-D-glucoside was shown to be a reliable alternative to aesculin and was shown to have significant advantages over aesculin when incorporated into solid media. This was due to the non-diffusible end product produced by hydrolysis of 3,4-cyclohexenoesculetin-7-beta-D-glucoside in the presence of iron.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1996

Reliability and convergence of three concepts of narcissistic personality.

UNTIL recent years, the personality disorders have been relatively unexplored compared to other psychiatric diagnoses. Over 15 years ago, there was little agreement on the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (Perry and Klerman 1978), but efforts to specify the constructs and respective criteria for the borderline diagnosis spurred a plethora of systematic research. The result is that, next to antisocial personality disorder, borderline has become one of the best-documented and validated personality disorders (Perry and Vaillant 1989). One important shift has been that good descriptive studies have gradually led to studies of etiological factors, such as childhood physical and sexual abuse, and severe neglect (Herman et al. 1989; Perry and Herman 1992), which in turn have led to empirically based treatment approaches (Herman 1992; Perry et al. 1990). Despite inclusion in The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III and DSM-III-R), narcissistic personality is still at the beginning of this process of description, empirical testing, and validation (Gunderson et al. 1991). This study empirically examines three descriptions of narcissistic personality in order to look for common underlying dimensions that may have etiological and treatment significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The effect of 30 min cycle ergometry on ankylosing spondylitis.

The effect of 30 min cycle ergometry at approximately 100 W (mean 98.8 W; range 34-151 W) in 11 male patients who had no hip involvement were studied. In most patients, exercise produced immediate increases in spinal flexibility and bilateral cervical tilt, and a reduction in pain. However, these improvements steadily waned and all had disappeared by 3-5 h. Exercise induced marked changes in the numbers of circulating leucocytes and platelets, and in the distribution of lymphocytes subsets, similar to those previously reported to occur in individuals without the disease. In a majority of patients there were positive associations (Kendall's tau test) between Schober's index and the platelet count, and negative associations between Schober's index and the percentage of CD4-positive cells over a 5 h period on the exercise day, whereas there were negative associations between the pain score and the leucocyte and neutrophil counts over a comparable period on a control day without exercise. We conclude that exercising those regions of the body unaffected by disease can elicit short-term beneficial effects by a systemically mediated mechanism(s).

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of cyclohexenoesculetin-beta-D-galactoside and 8-hydroxyquinoline-beta-D-galactoside as substrates for the detection of beta-galactosidase.

We describe the synthesis of two new substrates for the detection of beta-galactosidase and evaluate their performance in comparison with that of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (X-Gal). Of 171 Enterobacteriaceae strains that were able to hydrolyze X-Gal, 166 (97.1%) also hydrolyzed cyclohexenoesculetin-beta-D-galactoside whereas only 96 (56.1%) showed evidence of hydrolysis of 8-hydroxyquinoline-beta-D-galactoside. No false-positive results were observed with either substrate.

Enterobacteriaceae↗