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Biomedical subjects

J D Paulson

Publications and source records attributed to J D Paulson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Free testosterone concentration in serum: a method for determination.

Two procedures for quantifying serum levels of testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin (TeBG) have been evaluated. Both procedures utilize indirect methods for assessing the extent of protein-steroid interaction for the purpose of devising a clinically feasible procedure for estimating serum free testosterone. In the first method serum protein concentration was varied by dilution until 50 per cent of steroid binding was obtained at a given concentration of steroid. Dextran-coated charcoal was used for separating TeBG-bound steroid from the unbound fraction. In the second procedure DEAE-cellulose filtration was used to isolate the TeBG-steroid complex for quantitation. Having a sufficiently accurate measure of TeBG levels together with a knowledge of the total endogenous testosterone permitted the estimation of serum free testosterone based on the binding affinities of serum proteins. The preferred DEAE-cellulose filtration method has proved useful for routine clinical evaluation of physiologically effective androgen levels.

Charcoal↗
PubMed1978

Structure-activity relationships for the inhibition of acrosin by benzamidine derivatives.

A series, consisting of 52 benzamidine derivatives, was evaluated for inhibitory activity against homogeneous boar sperm acrosin. All of the compounds in the series proved to be more potent than benzamidine (Ki = 4.0 x 10(-6) M), with one of the derivatives, alpha-(4-amidino-2,6-diiodophenoxy)-3-nitrotoluene (compound 16), showing outstanding potency with a Ki value of 4.5 X 10(-8) M. Although all of the derivatives were effective acrosin inhibitors, structural specificity was observed within homologous groups of compounds. The information gained from this preliminary study should prove extremely beneficial in the design and synthesis of future acrosin inhibitors.

Acrosin↗
PubMed1978

Karyotypic abnormalities in precursor lesions of human cancer of the breast.

Aneuploidy and structurally aberrant chromsomes were identified in most cultures of ductal epithelial cells from proliferative lesions of human fibrocystic disease. These were qualitatively similar to those observed in cells comprising overt invasive mammary cancers. This represents some evidence in support of views indicating that proliferative fibrocystic disease may represent a precursor lesion of cancer of the breast, if not indeed its earliest morphologic expression.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1978

A new in vitro cell line established from human large cell variant of oat cell lung cancer.

A new tissue culture cell line, SHP-77, has been established from explant cultures of a primary human lung cancer. Although the latter exhibited histological features of the so-called large or polygonal cell undifferentiated variant, neurosecretory granules were detected ultrastructurally in cells of the original tumor, culture line, and neoplasms developing after transplantation of the latter in nude mice. These features attest to the identity of the original tumor as a large-cell variant of oat cell cancer. In addition, electron microscopy revealed the presence of gland formation and intracytoplasmic lamellar bodies in the cells of SHP-77. This information indicates the potential for varied differentiation and morphological expression of so-called undifferentiated lung cancer cells and is pertinent to nosological considerations concerning human lung cancer. The cell line has maintained its morphological, karyotypic, chromosomal, and growth characteristics after transplantation to nude mice. Because of this stability, SHP-77 appears to represent a propitious cell line for in vitro and in vivo biological and therapeutic studies of this type of lung cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The myofibroblastic nature of the uterine plexiform tumor.

Electron microscopic study of rare, benign, plexiform tumor of the uterus showed that of its component cells exhibit characteristics of both smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, which allows for their identification as myofibroblasts. Although such cells have been more frequently associated with reactive processes, their presence in some malignant soft tissue tumors, viz, fibrosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma, has been noted by others. Analysis of recorded accounts, as well as our own limited personal experience with the ultrastructural characteristics of smooth muscle neoplasms and those putatively regarded as being of such origin, indicates that many of these may contain a relatively large complement of myofibroblasts. The spectrum of myofibroblastic differentiation of smooth muscle cells and/or fibroblasts may account for the varied interpretations that concern the derivation of some of these neoplasms, particularly hemangiopericytoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Free testosterone concentration in serum: elevation is the hallmark of hirsutism.

A simple, reliable procedure for quantitating the concentration of free (not protein bound and thus biologically active) testosterone in serum has been applied to normal and hirsute patients. Each of 32 hirsute women studied had a significantly elevated level of free testosterone (that is, more than two standard deviations above the mean of that found in normal women), although half of them had a total serum testosterone level within normal limits. Suppression of free testosterone to within normal limits could be accomplished by dexamethasone alone in 47 per cent of the hirsute group. In the remainder of the hirsute group, suppression of free testosterone to within normal limits could be accomplished by addition of Enovid-E. Use of free serum testosterone concentration is clearly superior to the use of total serum testosterone concentration for the identification and rational therapy of simple hirsutism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Isolation of a spermatozoal immobilization factor from Escherichia coli filtrates.

A low-molecular weight spermatozoal immobilization factor (SIF) has been isolated from Escherichia coli cultures. This factor is stable to heating, freezing, and lyophilization, and immobilizes but does not kill spermatozoa. The concentration of spermatozoa influenced the effectiveness of the SIF in immobilizing spermatozoa, indicating that bacterial infections could have a greater influence on the oligospermic ejaculate than on a normal specimen. SIF is a stable factor and binds to spermatozoa via a reversible mechanism.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1977

Demonstration of proacrosin and quantitation of acrosin in ejaculated human spermatozoa.

Proacrosin has been isolated from human ejaculated spermatozoa and constitutes at least 90% of the total acrosin present. The total amount of acrosin in milli-international units per million spermatozoa was between 4.4 and 8.9, with a mean of 6.5. This is the first report of the demonstration of proacrosin and the quantitation of total acrosin in human spermatozoa.

Acrosin↗
PubMed1976

A rapid screening technic for detection of Y chromosomes.

A rapid, simple method for screening individuals at high risk for the presence of Y chromosomes is described. The correlation with actual sex using probability tables from Baye's formula have shown to be accurate, when used with a 99% confidence limit. This procedure can be utilized in the investigation of amenorrhea or may be used as a screening method prior to expensive and time-consuming karyotyping procedures.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1975

Crohn's disease of the vulva.

Over the past 10 years, it has been well established that Crohn's disease may involve any segment of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus and may also cause destructive extraintestinal lesions. Extensive cutaneous ulceration has recently been recognized as one of the rare extraintestinal complications. A case of chronic vulvar ulceration due to Crohn's disease is reported. The clinical manifestations and management of such a lesion are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new technique for performing a laparoscopic hysterectomy using microlaparoscopy: microlaparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (mLAVH).

In an effort to further decrease patient postoperative scarring and discomfort, a new technique of microlaparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy is employed. Using a 2-mm lateral port, a single infraumbilical port for the power source, and a 3-mm or 5-mm suprapubic port for aid in manipulation, seven consecutive patients underwent hysterectomy without complication and had rapid return to their daily activities.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The success of laser laparoscopy in the treatment of endometriosis: a two-step analysis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The most advantageous treatment for nonextensive endometriosis has long been the subject of debate. In recent years, the ability to detect atypical presentations has allowed the gynecological surgeon to treat this disease more readily. The treatment in the past has only been concerned with the singular treatment being applied at the time, not on the effects that previous treatments have had. The purpose of the current study was to see whether previous unsuccessful treatment modalities affected subsequent laser laparoscopy treatment of endometriosis. METHODS: Patients who were previously treated for their endometriosis (minimal and mild) underwent treatment of their disease by laser laparoscopy and the results were analyzed by chi2 (chi-square) analysis. RESULTS: Those patients previously treated with laser laparoscopy and laparotomy demonstrated poorer results than those previously treated with expectant, medical, or cautery. The sum of the original treatments plus the second treatment of laser laparoscopy was equal in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: If endometriosis is diagnosed at the time of laparoscopy and is easily amenable to treatment, it behooves the physician to treat it at the time of surgery.

Adult↗