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Biomedical subjects

J D Lewis

Publications and source records attributed to J D Lewis.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Fibrinolytic activator in the endothelium of the veins of the lower limb.

The local fibrinolytic acitivity of the femoral, popliteal and soleal veins has been studied using a histochemical technique. The results suggest that the fibrinolytic activity in the soleal veins may be low when compared with that in the femoral and popliteal veins. This may be an aetiological factor responsible for the high incidence of thrombi occurring in the soleal veins.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Which breast to biopsy: an expanding dilemma.

To provide insight into the significance of findings reported from screening asymptomatic women for breast cancer, we reviewed 19,928 mammographic studies with the accompanying physical examination and correlated these findings with 554 breast biopsies. Of 83 breast biopsies with suspicious findings on both physical examination and mammography, 72 demonstrated breast cancer (87%). Of 155 biopsies for suspicious changes on mammography alone, 50 (32%) demonstrated breast cancer. The accuracy of suspicious mammography was independent of findings limited to physical examination, 34 (17%) had breast cancer; 31 were in 152 biopsies of patients with mammography interpreted as normal (20%) and three were in biopsies of 52 patients (6%) in whom a visualized mass was interpreted as benign. One hundred and twelve breast biopsies were performed for changes interpreted as normal or benign. Six malignancies were discovered (5%). No cancer was found in 31 biopsies for nonpalpable benign mammographic abnormalities. Our results emphasize the importance of discriminating between nonvisualization of a mass and mammographic recognition of either a benign or malignant tumor. The reliability of interpretation is considerably greater for a visualized lesion than a nonvisualized one.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

Response of HeLa cells to irradiation with pi- mesons.

HeLa cell suspensions were irradiated at various depths of Perspex in a beam of 70 MeV pi- mesons. The dose-rate in the Bragg peak varied between 40 rad hour-1 and 150 rad hour-1. The cells were assayed in vitro for loss of reproductive integrity. The results for irradiation in the peak indicated an RBE of about 2-1 when compared to the response obtained using 60Co gamma-rays at comparable dose-rates. At dose-rates of 100-150 rad hour-1, the RBE peak-to-plateau was about 1-4, while at lower dose-rates, the RBE peak-to-plateau was about 1.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1976

Recovery in mammalian cells irradiated with a beam of pi--mesons.

HeLa cells have been irradiated in a beam of pi--mesons using fractionated exposures. The response-time curve for cells irradiated in the peak and in the plateau regions showed evidence of recovery. For cells irradiated in the post-peak position recovery was either absent or delayed.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1975

Evaluation of aorto-iliac disease with Doppler ultrasound and isotope clearance techniques.

The clearance of 99mTc from the hamstring muscle compartment of patients with aorto-iliac or iliac disease was examined with the patients at rest and after exercise. The values were compared with those obtained in a group of controls and another group with superficial femoral, or femoropopliteal arterial occlusion. A statistically significant difference in the rate of 99mTc clearance was found in patients with proximal vascular disease.

Ankle↗
PubMed1975

Implications of suspicious findings in breast cancer screening.

Breast cancer screening, performed on asymptomatic women over 35 years of age, has identified 32 breast cancers in 30 of 4,500 women screened. Screening included a physical examination by trained technologists, thermography, and xeromammography. This represents 26 percent of the biopsies performed (116). Results of xerommammography were suspicious in 24 cases (80 percent), and results of physical examination were suspicious in 11 (37 percent). Only six were suspicious by both methods, with one other having changes that were considered benign. Fourteen (44 percent) were microinvasive or noninvasive. Only two (6 percent) had axillary metastases. Breast cancer detected by screening is in its "early" stages and is usually well localized. Operative management, including removal of the entire breast, has a significant potential for cure. Thirty patients with changes considered suspicious have not yet had biopsies. Improved overall survival depends on appropriate management of all patients screened.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Exchange transfusion in hepatic coma: factors affecting results, with long-term follow-up data.

1. Exchange transfusion in our experience has produced a response in 42 per cent of the patients. 2. Complicating factors, primarily sepsis, have been responsible for a 50 per cent mortality in those patients who initially respond, yielding a survival rate of 21 per cent. 3. In a select group of patients with infectious hepatitis under the age of twenty-five years, the survival rate was 37.5 per cent. 4. Excess bilirubin and ammonia rebound after exchange transfusions indicates a grave prognosis. 5. All survivors have normal results on liver function studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Paget's disease of the vulva and carcinoma of the breast.

Vulvar Paget's disease is an intraepithelial change which is locally recurrent and has minimal if any propensity to invasion. Its major significance lies in the frequency with which concomitant carcinomas are discovered in association with the vulvar skin lesion. Adenocarcinoma of the vulvar apocrine glands is the most commonly associated tumor. Another apocrine adenocarcinoma, carcinoma of the breast, either antecedent or concomitant, is the second most frequently associated tumor, having been noted in 14 cases of vulvar Paget's disease. A case report illustrating this association is presented, and the importance of preoperative breast screening procedures in all patients with vulvar Paget's disease is demonstrated.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Percutaneous absorption of 14C-9alpha-fluoro-11beta,21-dihydroxy-3,20-dioxopregna-1,4-dieno (17alpha,16alpha-d)-2'-methyloxazolidine-21-acetate (L 6400) in rats, pigs and humans. Comparison with 3H-triamcinolone acetonide.

1. The percutaneous absorption of a novel oxazolino corticosteroid, 14C-9alpha-fluoro-11beta,21-dihydroxy-3,20-dioxopregna-1,4-dieno[17alpha,16alpha-d]-2'-methyloxazolidine-21-acetate (L 6400) and 3H-triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was compared in rats, pigs and humans after application of a cream formulation to the skin and occlusion. 2. Within 96 h, up to 4.0% of the applied dose of L 6400 (permeability constant Kp 0.28) and up to 8.7% of TA (Kp 0.42) were percutaneously absorbed in rats. 3. Microhistoautoradiography showed that most of the applied radioactivity remained on the skin of rats. Radioactivity in the skin was mainly associated with the epidermis. 4. Within 120 h, up to 1.5% of the applied dose of L 6400 (Kp 0.16) and up to 0.5% of TA (Kp 0.07) were percutaneously absorbed in pigs. Plasma concentrations of radioactivity were maximal 48 h after application of 3H-TA whereas they were undetected after application of 14C-L 6400, because of the relatively lower specific activity of this 14C-steroid. 5. Both corticosteroids were allowed to remain in contact with human skin for 5 h and during that time, up to 1.1% of the applied dose of L 6400 (Kp 0.82) and up to 0.9% of TA (Kp 0.94) were absorbed. Results in four human subjects varied twenty-eightfold for L 6400 and fivefold for TA. Plasma concentrations of radioactivity were undetected after application of L 6400. In one subject treated with 3H-TA they were maximal after 2 h but were undetected in another subject and were found only in early samples from two others. 6. The results suggested that both corticosteroids were poorly absorbed through normal skin in rats, pigs and humans.

Administration, Topical↗