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Biomedical subjects

J D Kim

Publications and source records attributed to J D Kim.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

In vitro effect of interleukin-2 on proliferative responses of peripheral blood T cells from leprosy patients.

Because of the important role played by interleukin-2(IL-2) in T cell growth and differentiation, we investigated the effect of exogenous IL-2 on the proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) from 77 leprosy patients. The proliferative responses of PBMCs from lepromatous leprosy(LL) or borderline lepromatous leprosy(BL) patients to M. leprae were significantly lower(cpm 6,051 +/- 803 for LL type; 4,951 +/- 2,529 for BL type) than those from tuberculoid leprosy(TT) or borderline tuberculoid leprosy(BT) patients (28,853 +/- 28,916 for TT type; 15,884 +/- 334 for BT type). To investigate the effect of exogenous IL-2, purified IL-2 was added at the start of culture at 100 unit/ml. There was an apparent increase in 3H-thymidine incorporation of M. leprae-stimulated PBMCs(18,723 +/- 6,503) in the presence of IL-2 compared to the results without IL-2(6,051 +/- 803) in LL patients. Twenty nine out of 33 LL patients belonged to the responders to IL-2 and four patients were nonresponders. Therefore we conclude that the defective cell mediated immune response in LL patients may result from diminished production of IL-2, but we can not exclude the possibility of diminished expression of the IL-2 receptor. And we suggest that the immunologic heterogeneous response of an individual to M. leprae is important to the pathogenesis of clinical disease in the same LL patients.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of DNA fragment patterns between the phenolic glycolipid-Tb producers and non-producers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Differences in ability to produce the specific phenolic glycolipid-Tb (PGL-Tb) antigen among Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains have been reported. One of the explanations would be the genotypic variation between the strains. In this study, we compared the DNA fragment patterns after digestion of DNA with various restriction enzymes between the PGL-Tb producing and non-producing strains of M. tuberculosis. Three clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis producing the PGL-Tb antigen detectable by thin-layer chromatography, and M. tuberculosis H37Rv and M. bovis BCG not producing the antigen were grown in Sauton medium. The chromosomal DNA was digested with the restriction endonucleases, Eco RI, Sau3A I, BamH I, Xho I, Sma I, Pst I, Hinc II, and Bst EII. Most of the restriction enzymes used gave no clear DNA bands or no DNA fragment common just to the PGL-Tb producing strains. When DNAs were digested with Bst EII, however, there was a 13 kb DNA fragment common to the PGL-Tb producing isolates of M. tuberculosis and not present in the H37Rv strain and M. bovis BCG. This study thus suggests that there might be differences in DNA fragment patterns between the PLG-Tb producing and non-producing strains of M. tuberculosis.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1991

[A study of the magnetic resonance image].

MR imaging offers the superior evaluation of soft tissue structures without the use of ionizing radiation or intracapsular injection. In addition, the influence of MR imaging on the field of T.M.J. may be quite substantial. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the principles of MR imaging, to determine the normal and abnormal T.M.J. imaging, and to compare MR imaging with transcranial, arthrography, tomography, and computed tomography.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1991

Detection of phenolic glycolipid-I antigen and antibody in sera from new and relapsed lepromatous patients treated with various drug regimens.

Since phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) is an unequivocal marker of Mycobacterium leprae, the antigen has been a good candidate for the serodiagnosis and monitoring the effectiveness of leprosy chemotherapy. As an effort to define the kinetics of the PGL-I antigen and its antibodies in leprosy patients, this study was initiated to examine the serum specimens obtained serially from lepromatous patients under chemotherapy trials. PGL-I was detectable in 64 (94.1%) of 68 new lepromatous (bacterial index, BI = 3.2 to 5.8) and in 26 (78.8%) of 33 relapsed lepromatous patients (BI = 3.0 to 5.3). Meanwhile, virtually all of the new and relapsed patients were strongly seropositive to PGL-I. PGL-I was not detectable in any of the patients about 18 months after chemotherapy was initiated; however, anti-PGL-I reactivity declined by 50% at 2 years and by about 70% at 5 years after chemotherapy regardless of the drug regimens under study. Considering the rapid disappearance of the PGL-I antigen and steady decrease in anti-PGL-I IgM antibodies following chemotherapy, the PGL-I-based serology may be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment, at both the early and late stages, in leprosy patients whose initial sera contain a significant level of PGL-I antigen or antibodies.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

Community-based eye health survey in areas of Buan-Kun and Dobong-Ku in Korea.

This survey comparing the primary causes of eye disease and visual impairment between rural and urban areas was conducted from the beginning of February through May of 1989. The outcome of that research on 686 residents (1372 eyes) of Buan-Kun, Chunbuk, and 997 residents (1994 eyes) of Dobong-Ku, Seoul, is as follows: 1. Of the basic ocular affections, pterygium was the most prevalent in Baun-Kun with 178 eyes (13.0%), while allergic and chronic conjunctivitis were in the majority in Dobong-Ku with 170 eyes (8.5%). 2. In causes of visual impairment, refractive error showed to be the main one in both Buan-Kun with 135 eyes (9.8%) and Dobong-Ku with 132 eyes (6.6%). 3. In rate of blindness, Buan-Kun had 7.0% monocular blindness and 3.2% of binocular blindness, while 4.1% of monocular blindness and 1.7% of binocular blindness were found in Dobong-Ku. 4. In causes of blindness, cataract (51.1%) was followed by macular degeneration (17.4%), corneal opacity (13.0%), and vascular retinopathy (9.8%) in Buan-Kun, while cataract (56.0%), macular degeneration (6.7%), corneal opacity (6.7%), and phthisis (6.7%) were recorded in that order in Dobong-Ku.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Interleukin-1 beta production by monocytes from leprosy patients.

The cause responsible for the lack of an efficient cell-mediated immunity or a delayed type hypersensitivity to M. leprae in lepromatous patients is poorly understood. But the resistance to M. leprae infection in humans is likely mediated by the activated macrophages to present M. leprae antigen to T cells for cell-mediated immunity. Phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) is a M. leprae-specific antigen and is supposed to play a significant role in the long lasting unresponsiveness in lepromatous leprosy. In this study, IL-1 activities were tested among leprosy patients to evaluate monocyte function and the role of IL-1 in the immunosuppression in leprosy. We found that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from tuberculoid patients were strongly reactive to M. leprae (mean cpm; 28,853 +/- 28,916), but the proliferative responses of PBMCs from lepromatous patients (mean cpm; 6,051 +/- 803) were significantly lower. IL-1 concentration in culture supernatant of monocytes from lepromatous patients was similar to that from tuberculoid patients with stimulation of M. leprae (lepromatous: 1,014 +/- 637 pg/ml, tuberculoid: 1,012 +/- 167 pg/ml) or lipopolysaccharides (IPS) (lepromatous: 3,479 +/- 2,188 pg/ml, tuberculoid: 4,246 +/- 2,432 pg/ml). The IL-1 concentration is sera from lepromatous patients (42 +/- 30 pg/ml) tended to be higher than those from tuberculoid patients (28 +/- 69 pg/ml).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

Production of monoclonal antibodies to lipoarabinomannan-B and use in the detection of mycobacterial antigens in sputum.

Tuberculosis has traditionally been confirmed by AFB staining or culturing Mycobacterium tuberculosis from clinical specimens. However, because of the low sensitivity of the sputum smear examination and of the delayed report in culturing, the conventional methods for detection of M. tuberculosis have not been always satisfactory. In an attempt to develop an alternate tool, this study was initiated to produce monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to lipoarabinomannan B (LAM-B) antigen and to use the antibodies in detecting mycobacteria. In this study, five monoclonal antibodies specific to LAM-B were produced; LAM701 (IgG3), LAM138 (IgM), LAM204 (IgM), LAM302 (IgM), and LAM604 (IgM). A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for detecting LAM-B and other mycobacterial antigens using the monoclonal antibodies. With the MAb LAM701, the minimal detectable concentration was 1.0 ng/ml for LAM-B, and 1.0 microgram/ml for M. tuberculosis whole cells, respectively. When 14 clinical specimens proven to contain AFB by smear staining or culture were examined, ten (71.4%) were positive by the sandwich ELISA; in contrast, sputum smear examination gave positive results in only six (42.9%) specimens. Meanwhile, none of 25 specimens with no evidence of AFB were positive by the sandwich ELISA using the MAb LAM701. Although further evaluations are required, this study suggests that the monoclonal antibodies to LAM-B may be useful in detecting mycobacteria from clinical specimens.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

HLA and leprosy in Koreans.

HLA antigens in 157 unrelated Koreans with leprosy have been identified and compared with 162 healthy Korean controls. The patient group consisted of 124 with lepromatous leprosy and 33 with tuberculoid leprosy. Although no significant differences were detected between the two patient groups, several antigens were found to be increased in the combined patient group compared to healthy controls. Two Class I antigens were increased: HLA-A11 (22% vs 12%) and Aw33 (27% vs 14%). Four Class II antigens were increased: HLA-DR1 (16% vs 7%), DR2 (39% vs 21%), DRw9 (14% vs 6%) and DQw1 (74% vs 55%). HLA-DR4 (28% vs 48%), DRw53 (46% vs 69%) and DQw3 (50% vs 75%) in contrast were significantly decreased in patients. Interaction of DR1, DR2, DRw9 and DQw1 as risk factors was analyzed. HLA-DR2 appeared to be the strongest risk factor. No evidence for synergy between DR1, DR2 and DRw9 was detected. DQw1 was not significantly increased in patients in the absence of DR1 and DR2, and thus it was not apparent in this study that DQw1 was an independent risk factor.

Disease Susceptibility↗
PubMed1986

The HLA system in the Korean population.

The frequencies of HLA-A, B, C, DR, and DQ antigens, HLA-D (HTC-defined) haplotypes, and the HLA-linked genetic markers glyoxalase I (GLO), factor B (Bf), C2 and C4 were studied in 162 healthy unrelated Koreans. Antigens A2, A24, A26, B44, B51, Bw62, B35, Cw1, Cw3, DR2, DR4, DRw6, DR7, and DRw8 were observed at frequencies of 15% or greater, and GLO-2, BfS, C4A*3, C2C, C4A*4, C4B*1, and C4B*2 were also frequently observed. The antigens A23, A25, B18, Bw42, Bw47, and B21 were not observed at all. HLA-DR4 was the most common class II antigen and was associated with a series of HLA-D-defined haplotypes including Dw4, Dw10, Dw13, and Dw15. The HLA-DRw6, DR2,Dw8, and DRw8 haplotypes were also found frequently. DR2 haplotypes were either Dw2 or Dw12, while all DRw8 haplotypes tested corresponded to the DB7 or Dw "8.3" specificity that has been described in other Oriental populations. Significant linkage disequilibrium was found between the alleles A2,Cw1; A30,B13; A30,Cw6; A30,DR7; Cw1,Bw22; Cw5,B12; Cw6,B13; Cw6,DR7; B7,DR1; B12,Dw6; B12,DR7; B12,Dw7; B13,DR7, B17,DR3; Bw22,C4B*6; DRw6,BfF; and C4A*4,C4B*2. A comparison of gene frequencies and commonly observed haplotypes between Koreans, Chinese, Japanese, and Caucasians showed that while Koreans share several characteristics in common with other Oriental populations, there are allelic frequencies and haplotypes in Koreans that are distinct.

Complement C2↗
PubMed1984

Up- and down-regulation of insulin receptors. Kinetic models.

A theoretical model for insulin receptor synthesis and degradation in differentiating 3T3-L1 adipocytes is described. This three-step irreversible ordered sequence model explains the up- and down-regulation of receptors in terms of the level of insulin concentration. Kinetic expressions were derived for the model. Numerical solutions for these equations, based on data reported by Reed and Lane (Reed, B.C., and Lane, M. D. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 285-289) were used for computer-generated curves illustrating insulin-dependent receptor synthesis and degradation. Results show that this model provides the best fit to the reported data and lend support to the suggestion that the free recycled receptor may differ from the newly synthesized receptor. A possible role for the recycled receptor in signal modulation is suggested.

Adipose Tissue↗