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Biomedical subjects

J D Giroux

Publications and source records attributed to J D Giroux.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Pathogen role of coronavirus in pediatric intensive care: retrospective analysis of 19 positive samples with indirect immunofluorescence].

BACKGROUND: Coronaviruses (CV) are ARN-containing agents that are responsible for mild upper respiratory tract infections in adults and children. Their pathogenicity in neonates is not wellknown. POPULATION AND METHODS: Eighty five samples of tracheal or nasopharyngeal secretions were obtained from January to October 1991 from 53 children (29 less than 1 month of age; 19 from 1 month to 1 year; five older than 1 year). They were examined for respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, myxovirus influenza and parainfluenza and coronavirus by immunofluorescence (IF). RESULTS: Nineteen samples from nine newborns and three infants were positive for coronavirus. The mean birth weight of the nine neonates was 2100 +/- 840 g; their mean gestational age was 34 +/- 5 weeks and their mean age at diagnosis was 21 +/- 9 days. Apnea and bradycardia were the main symptoms in this group. Blood C-reactive protein was not elevated and blood cultures were sterile. One infant was admitted for near-miss; the two others were admitted at birth because they suffered from chronic lung disease (pulmonary hypoplasia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia). An acute episode of pulmonary deterioration occurred at the time of coronavirus infection. Both died one at 4 months and the other at 10 months. CONCLUSION: Coronaviruses seem to be responsible for respiratory tract infections in hospitalized neonates and chronically ventilated infants.

Apnea↗
PubMed1993

[Cerebral intraventricular and/or intraparenchymal hemorrhages in full-term newborn infants. Long-term outcome].

BACKGROUND: Intraventricular and parenchymal hemorrhages are rare in full-term neonates. Their prognosis is still under discussion. POPULATION AND METHODS: 6 full-term newborns admitted between January 1985 and December 1988 developed intracranial hemorrhage: 3 had intraventricular hemorrhage and 3 parenchymal without intraventricular hemorrhage. The study includes the results of a questionnaire on the pregnancy and delivery, clinical, ultrasonographic and CT scan data. The long-term neuro-developmental outcome was assessed when the children were 4 to 7 year-old. RESULTS: All the patients were given phenobarbitone for 1 month to 1 year (one patient was given phenobarbitone plus phenytoin). One patient, aged 1 month, required insertion of a valve, because hydrocephalus developed. One patient had difficulties at school with developmental retardation; another patient developed minor difficulties. The 4 other patients had normal motor and mental development with good scholastic performances. CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis for intraventricular and parenchymal hemorrhage seems better in full-term than in pre-term infants.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1993

[Fulminant pneumococcal septicemia in a splenectomized child despite vaccination and chemoprophylaxis: necessity for education of the entourage].

A splenectomized three-year-old developed fulminant pneumococcal septicemia despite immunization and chemoprophylaxis. The course was rapidly fatal. Fulminant pneumococcal septicemia mainly affects splenectomized individuals and is associated with very substantial mortality. Immunization prior to splenectomy and daily prophylactic oral penicillin have partial preventive efficacy. Other useful measures include carrying a health status card and inpatient antimicrobial therapy in the event of fever. The need for these precautions should be repeatedly discussed with the child's parents and physician.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1993

[Rehospitalization and early discharge in neonatology: retrospective evaluation].

This retrospective study compared discharge summary data in neonates discharged from the Brest Teaching Hospital Neonatology Unit between May 1, 1980 and April 30, 1981 (Period I) or between May 1, 1990 and April 30, 1991 (Period II). Birth weight, gestational age, duration of hospitalization, corrected age at discharge and rehospitalization rate were compared. Among infants with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) with or without prematurity, weight at discharge was 2,500 g or less in none of Period I patients (n = 144) versus 67.8% of Period II patients (n = 87). Four Period II infants weighted 2,000 g or less at discharge (1,850, 1,930, 1,960, and 2,000 g). Among premature infants without growth retardation, weight at discharge was 2,500 g or less in 2.2% of Period I infants versus 52.5% of Period II infants (p < 0.0001). Period II infants were not rehospitalized more often or earlier than Period I infants. Early discharge reduces the duration of separation of the child from his or her parents without increasing the rehospitalization rate.

Birth Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Severe hypernatremic dehydration disclosing Netherton syndrome in the neonatal period].

BACKGROUND: Netherton's syndrome is characterized by ichthyosis, trichorrhexis invaginata and other air shaft anomalies, and atopic diathesis. The ichthyosis is present at birth and can be complicated by hypernatremic dehydration. CASE REPORT: Adrien was the first child of non-consanguineous parents. His birth weight was 3,110 g. Ichthyosis was present at birth and the diagnosis of Netherton's syndrome was subsequently confirmed by skin biopsy. He was admitted to intensive care at the age of 4 days for a 20% loss of weight and dehydration. His blood chemistry was: Na+ = 192 mmol/l; K+ = 6.9 mmol/l; Cl- = 136 mmol/l; urea = 21 mmol/l; glucose = 12.1 mmol/l; creatinine = 209 mumol/l; hematocrit = 51%. Urinary analysis gave: Na+ = 113 mmol/l; K+ = 97 mmol/l; urea = 105 mmol/l. Progressive rehydration resulted in normal diuresis 24 hours later and a slow normalization of natremia to 138 mmol/l on day 10. Despite preventive i.v. phenobarbital, he developed convulsions on day 5 when his natremia was 177 mmol/l i.e. after a drop of 0.6 mmol/hour. The convulsions disappeared when he was given phenytoin and placed on respiratory support, but status epilepticus appeared on day 18 with normal natremia. This status epilepticus was not influenced by several antiepileptic drugs and was only cured when the patient was given tetracosactide followed by hydrocortisone plus sodium valproate. Adrien is now 3 years old and is neurologically and mentally normal. CONCLUSION: Hypernatremic dehydration can be a complication of neonatal ichthyosis; it may be severe with very high blood sodium concentration. Corticosteroids can be useful for treating persistent convulsions.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗