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Biomedical subjects

J D Born

Publications and source records attributed to J D Born.

67 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Practical assessment of brain dysfunction in severe head trauma (author's transl)].

Assessment of brain dysfunction in head injured patients is important as an index of severity of brain damage and forms the basis of monitoring. . The Glasgow Coma scale (G.C.S.) is a practical scale for nurses. The Liege Coma scale contains the three variables of the G.C.S. and provides informations concerning the brain stem reflexes. In a series of 60 head-injured patients, recovery rates were calculated on the basis of either Glasgow scores or Liege scores. The Liege Coma scale provides a more sensitive index of clinical course and a better prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Creatine kinase isoenzymes in severe head injury (author's transl)].

We measured the c.s.f. and serum creatine kinase activities in the first hours following the trauma, for 24 severe head injury patients. We found a good correlation between total CK and CKBB isoenzymes levels in the c.s.f. only. The c.s.f. values are a quantitative index of brain dysfunction assessed by the Liège coma scale, associating the Glasgow coma scale and the study of the brain stem reflexes. There is no relationship between CK activity and intracranial pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Incidence of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in patients with severe head injuries].

Eight patients with severe craniocerebral trauma were studied prospectively to assess the effects of the injury on sodium and water balance. Hyponatremic hypo-osmolar states occurred in 5 of the 8 patients. The cause was an inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (I.S.A.D.H.). We found an early I.S.A.D.H. (appearing within 2-3 days post trauma) whose presence was related to the craniocerebral injury (2 cases). We also found a late I.S.A.D.H. which may represent a response to positive-pressure ventilation, semi-recumbent position and centrally acting drugs. This tardive I.S.A.D.H. appeared 9-10 days after admission (3 cases). Radioimmunoassay for circulating and ventricular C.S.F. neurophysins shows an early and transitory increase of hNpI (the carrier of A.D.H.). hNpI was detectable during the hyponatremic hypo-osmolar states, thus demonstrating an inappropriate secretion of A.D.H.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Immediate effects of intravenous acetazolamide on intracranial pressure (author's transl)].

Nineteen patients with hydrocephalus or head injury were subjected to a continuous intraventricular pressure monitoring and received acetazolamide. Seven mg per Kg body-weight were infused intravenously in one minute. Three patterns of reactions were recorded: 1. a sharp and large rise in cerebrospinal fluid pressure 2. a moderate rise 3. no significant change in C.S.F. pressure. The mechanisms of these responses are investigated: metabolic CO2, which is normally converted rapidly to HCO3- through mediation of carbonic anhydrase within erythrocytes, builds up to produce an immediate effect of cerebral vasodilatation and increases C.S.F. pressure of patients with disturbed compensatory mechanisms. Intravenous acetazolamide may be used as a functional test in patients with ventricular enlargement and normal intracranial pressure. This technique provides useful data about the remaining compensatory capacity for further increases in intracranial volume.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1980

[Traumatic rupture of the medulla with subarachnoid-pleural fistula (author's transl)].

A case of total dural and spinal cord disruption at level T2 in a 23 month-old female is presented. The authors emphasized the absence of spinal shock in this young child. Spine X-ray examination failed to reveal any abnormality. X-ray films of the chest demonstrated fluid in the right pleural space and mediastinum associated with a subarachnoid-pleural fistula. The possible mechanisms responsible for the spinal cord disruption and the absence of spinal shock are discussed.

Arachnoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chemonucleolysis. A therapeutic alternative in extra-canalicular lumbar disk hernias].

Between 1% and 13% of lumbar disk hernias lie in a very lateral position outside the canal. Diagnosis of the disease is based mainly on CT scan with x-ray. Once conservative therapy has failed, surgery has hitherto been the only treatment proposed, but this generally requires sacrifice of an articular mass. The authors report their experience with chemonucleolysis with chymopapain in five patients presenting this type of hernia. Cure was obtained in four cases. The main advantage of the technique is that osteo-articular structures are preserved.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Incidence and treatment of subdural hygroma in severe head injuries].

In a population of 109 subjects with severe head injury (Liège score less than or equal to 12) we observed secondary development of subdural hygroma in sixteen patients. These liquefying processes were mostly secondary to the entry of CSF in the subdural space from tears in the arachnoid. Half the accumulations were accompanied by increased subdural pressure. Drainage of the subdural fluid brought clinical improvement in patients with elevated subdural pressure (greater than 15 torr).

Adolescent↗