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J Cottraux

Publications and source records attributed to J Cottraux.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[French adaptation, concurrent validation and factorial analysis of the Bech and Rafaelsen melancholia scale].

33 depressive patients diagnosed major depressive episode (DSM III) have been assessed by the French translation of the melancholia scale of Bech and Rafaelsen and the following scales: scale of depressive retardation (ERD) (Widlocher), Hamilton depression rating scale with 26 items (HDS 26), Montgomery and Asberg depression rating scale (MADRS). A concurrent validation shows that Bech-Rafaelsen melancholia scale is valid. A principal components analysis with VARIMAX rotation found 4 principal components: retardation and blunted affect, asthenia, anxiety, suicidal impulses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Validation and factor analysis of a phobia scale. The French version of the Marks-Mathews fear questionnaire].

The fear questionnaire (Marks and Mathews) is presented in an original french translation. The questionnaire's validity, sensibility and reliability are studied in four groups: agoraphobia with panic attacks, obsession-compulsion, social phobia and control. The scale has a good empirical validity especially for agoraphobia measurement. However in our study the boundaries between obsession compulsion and social phobia appear questionable. Principal components analysis yields four factors similar to those found by Marks and Mathews: agoraphobia, blood and injury phobia, social phobia, and anxiety-depression (including one panic item).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The shortened Beck depression inventory (13 items). Study of the concurrent validity with the Hamilton scale and Widlöcher's retardation scale].

The present study on 50 depressed subjects (Research Diagnostic Criteria of Feighner) has shown on the one hand a weak correlation between the shortened Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and on the other hand of the shortened Beck Depression Inventory and the Widlöcher Retardation Rating Scale. Both correlations do not differ significantly.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predictive value of MMPI scales on smoking cessation programs outcomes.

Five hundred and fifty-eight cigarette smokers were randomized in 4 groups: acupuncture, behavior therapy, placebo and waiting list. The MMPI scales showed stability across pretest, posttest and a one-year follow-up. Principal components analysis isolated a "depression-psychasthenia" factor accounting for 61% of the variance. Moreover 43% of the subjects had an abnormal MMPI profile. Segmentation isolated predictive factors: a high number of pathological MMPI scales predicted failures in any kind of treatment. Acupuncture yielded better outcomes when the profiles were normal. Behavior therapy and placebo had better outcomes when the anxiety index was abnormal. The study underscores the role of personality factors in tobacco addiction and their influence on cessation programs outcomes.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behavioral and bodily self concept changes after assertive training. A pilot study.

The study aims at finding correlations between the development of assertiveness through assertive training and the modification of the bodily self concept (or body image). Eleven social phobic patients (6 women, 5 men, mean age 31.5) are treated in two groups and measured by Rathus's assertiveness schedule, and Osgood's semantic differential (key concepts: my self, my body, my voice, my gestures, my look; control concept: a table). At post test and follow-up (between 6 and 9 months), an ANOVA shows a significant positive change in assertiveness (p 0.001), correlated with modifications in bodily self concept. The patients are rating their body and their look as more active and stronger, but the body is perceived as more dangerous (p 0.05). No change appears in the other key concepts and the control concept. The interrelation between behavioral and cognitive changes are discussed.

Agoraphobia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[French version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale].

A French translation and adaptation of the Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale is presented, with reference to validation studies. This new synthetic and specific measurement tool represents an advance and would deserve a French validation study.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preliminary study of a list of obsessional thoughts. Validation and factorial analysis].

The validation study and factorial analysis of a list of obsessive thoughts is presented. Four groups were compared. They included patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorders (n = 22), depression (n = 21), phobias (n = 16) and a control group (n = 21). The four groups were comparable as far as age, sex, and educational level were concerned. The list of obsessive thoughts is valid, reliable, and has a good internal consistency. The factorial analysis showed a first factor (accounting for 37.22% of the variance) reflecting perfectionism, and a second factor (accounting for 12.10% of the variance) reflecting a pathological sense of responsibility.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anorexia nervosa. A frequent antecedent of obsessive compulsive disorder].

In a population of 60 patients suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorders, the authors find 5 patients (8.3% of the whole group), all female (13.1% of the whole female subgroup) with an anorexia nervosa among their antecedents, which represents a relatively important rate compared to the rarity of anorexia nervosa in the general population. Clinical particularities of the subgroup are then studied. Results from this work are partially comparable with those found in the single similar study in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative study of normal subjects and obsessive compulsive subjects on intrusive thoughts and memory].

Four surveys have shown that more than 80% of normal subjects have obsessive thoughts with content similar to those found in obsessive compulsive patients. "Abnormal" and "normal" intrusive thoughts do not differ in content but in duration, frequency and rejectability. Thirteen DSM III-R non-depressed obsessive compulsive patients with checking rituals were compared with 13 sex-, age-, and education matched control subjects. Our study compared the content of abnormal and normal obsessions. No between-group difference was found suggesting that a sub-group of obsessive compulsive patients with checking rituals did not change the general result. The memory processes were also compared. Several investigators have shown an impairment in visual spatial memory tasks but none in verbal tasks with obsessive compulsive patients. In three studies non clinical checkers were found to show some deficits in memory compared to non checkers. In our study we used the Wechsler memory scale. Clinical checkers appear to have difficulties recalling details of meaningfully linked verbal sequence and immediate visual reproduction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The Young Cognitive Schema Questionnaire: translation and preliminary validation].

Young (1990) proposed a clinical scale to assess personality disorders. We translated and used this scale for validation purpose in pathological (n = 113) and control (n = 54) samples. Our results reflected that Young Schema Questionnaire (SQ) has a good discrimination value between patients (Axes I and II of the DSM III-R classification) and controls. Statistical comparisons indicated significant differences between three subgroups-axis I only (n = 53), axes I and II together (n = 60), and controls (n = 54). The SQ score was the highest in the patients with personality disorders, reflecting the sensitivity of the scale to Axis II pathology. Principal component analysis (unrotated factors) showed a first factor, a failure axis (eigenvalue = 7.93), and a second factor, a narcissistic one (eigenvalue = 1.30). These two principal components explained 62% of the variance.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cognitive behavior therapy of agoraphobia, retrospective study of 345 cases].

Epidemiological data of 533 (42% male) agoraphobic patients referred to an anxiety disorder unit are reported. Comorbidity with mood disorders was high (48%). Therapeutic response was studied in 345 patients who received cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT): 131 patients dropped out and 214 completed treatment. At post-test 71% of the completers were improved with maintenance of the gains in patients reevaluated at follow-up points ranging from 6 months to 18 years. Medication intake was significantly decreased. Intent to treat analysis of the whole CBT sample showed that 57% of the 345 patients were improved. Drop-outs were predicted by female sex and psychotic personality traits. This suggests that personality assessment should be carried out in agoraphobia and therapeutic interventions on personality considered in patients with disordered personality. The relatively low prevalence of women in the whole sample and their higher prevalence in drop-outs are discussed.

Adolescent↗