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Biomedical subjects

J Corson

Publications and source records attributed to J Corson.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Preliminary results of a randomized trial of adjuvant doxorubicin for sarcomas: lack of apparent difference between treatment groups.

Forty-two patients with localized intermediate and high-grade sarcoma were randomized after optimal primary treatment to receive five cycles of adjuvant doxorubicin 90 mg/m2 every three weeks (20 patients) or observation (22 patients). Patients were stratified for grade, size, extent of surgical margin, and soft tissue versus other sarcomas. Groups appeared balanced for histology and superficial versus deep lesions. Eight patients (19%) have died. Follow-up times range from two to 69 months (median, 16 months). Two patients receiving doxorubicin (10%) developed cardiotoxicity presenting as pulmonary edema. One patient returned to normal activity on digoxin and diuretics; the other (age, 28 years) died of intractable failure and arrhythmias after four weeks. While a nonsignificant difference in local control, metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, and survival was observed for extremity lesions, the advantage may be outweighed by the risk of cardiotoxicity. Seventy-six percent of the control patients with extremity lesions remain disease free. Because control patients do well, a very large study is required to define the role of adjuvant doxorubicin.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Clinical use of the seromuscular jejunal patch for protection of the infected aortic stump.

Pathologic interactions between aortic prostheses and the gastrointestinal tract are very difficult problems in vascular surgery. After excision of the graft and proximal aortic closure, the major unsolved problem has been continued sepsis of the proximal aortic stump with subsequent fatal disruption. To provide healthy tissue for protection of this crucial area, we have devised a method in which a piece of jejunum on its vascular pedicle is opened along its antimesenteric border, the mucosa is removed, and the vascularized muscular wall is anchored to the aortic stump. This seromuscular jejunal patch was used clinically in three patients. Postmortem examinations in two of these patients 4 and 45 days postoperatively revealed no signs of infection, hematoma, or mucocele, and no histologic abnormalities; instead, the examinations did reveal firm tissue adherence between the aortic stumps and the seromuscular patches. The third patient is alive and well 1 year after this procedure. The three patients have demonstrated the feasibility of secure aortic stump protection by placement of well-prepared, vascularized seromuscular jejunal tissue over the potentially infected aortic stump. This technique may prevent postoperative stump dissolution and thus far appears to be a reasonable solution to this usually lethal problem.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Clomiphene citrate: nuances of clinical application.

The results of administration of clomiphene citrate to 507 patients in 578 pregnancy attempts were evaluated with respect to pregnancy rate, outcome, sex ratio, and life table analysis. The effect of dose and concomitant administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) was also assessed. The overall pregnancy rate was 38% by individual patient and 43% by patient attempt. A pregnancy rate of 61% was recorded for couples in which anovulation was the only reproductive problem. The abortion rate was 23% in a population screened by serum beta subunit hCG determination within a week of the missed expected menses. Many patients had multiple adverse fertility factors and fully 29% had been treated unsuccessfully with clomiphene citrate prior to entry into the program. The discussion includes results from the literature over the past two decades.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1982

Multimodality therapy in the management of angiosarcoma of the breast.

Five patients with angiosarcoma of the breast were treated with surgery, radiotherapy and an adjuvant Adriamycin containing regimen. Two patients remain disease-free at 38+ and 20+ months. The median survival of previously reported cases is 22 months with only five patients disease-free at five years. Possible hormonal influences in the etiologic cause of angiosarcoma of the breast are discussed and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in these relatively young patients is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Potentiation of dimethylhydrazine bowel carcinogenesis in rats.

An animal model of organ-specific chemical carcinogenesis has been used to study environmental effects on the incidence of human colorectal adenocarcinoma. Wistar/Furth weanling rats underwent connection of their urinary and fecal streams (ureterosigmoidostomy), connection of their urinary and fecal streams with proximal fecal diversion (rectal bladder), or sham operations. Age-matched, unoperated control and operated animals then received either no carcinogen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) 20 mg/kg body weight, s.c. once weekly for 16 weeks, N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolylformamide (FANFT) 0.2% of the feed for 16 weeks, or DMH + FANFT concurrently. Thirty-three weeks after carcinogen exposure, surviving animals were killed and examined for bowel and urinary bladder tumors. The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the colon adjacent to the junction between bladder and bowel was significantly higher in animals after ureterosigmoidostomy compared with animals whose fecal stream had been proximally diverted (14/22 vs. 0/34, P less than 0.001). This effect was not dependent upon chemical carcinogen exposure. Nonexposed animals still developed a significantly higher incidence of colon adenocarcinomas adjacent to their bladder-bowel junctions as compared with animals with proximal fecal diversion (5/8 vs. 0/13, P less than 0.01). In unoperated or sham operated animals, adenocarcinomas of the bowel occurred in 33% of DMH-treated animals and transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder in 33% of the FANFT-treated animals. After concurrent exposure to both carcinogens, no increased incidence of bladder tumors was noted when compared with FANFT treatment alone. However, the number of animals with one or more adenocarcinomas of the bowel (22/30 vs. 17/50, P less than 0.001), the mean number of tumors per animal (2.1 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.1, P less than 0.01), and the invasiveness of the tumors were all increased after DMH + FANFT as compared with DMH exposure alone. The carcinogenic potential of direct bladder to bowel connection with intact fecal and urinary streams, and the potentiation by FANFT of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis may have implications in the genesis of human colorectal cancer.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗