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Biomedical subjects

J Collette

Publications and source records attributed to J Collette.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Presence of alpha-lactalbumin, epidermal growth factor, epithelial membrane antigen, and gross cystic disease fluid protein (15,000 daltons) in breast cyst fluid.

The frequency of gross cystic breast disease in premenopausal women and its possible association with increased breast cancer risk emphasize the importance of investigations relating to breast cyst fluid composition. In order to contribute to a better analysis of this medium, we have measured four proteins the presence of which in human milk was well documented. Breast cyst fluid specimens from 266 breast cyst disease patients were assayed and compared as to concentrations of alpha-lactalbumin, gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP-15), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). All the analyzed cyst fluids contained GCDFP-15, EMA, and EGF whereas alpha-lactalbumin was detected in only 14.2% of fluids assayed. Positive correlations were observed between GCDFP-15 and EMA concentrations (P less than 0.005), as well as GCDFP-15 and EGF concentrations (P less than 0.0005). The cyst fluid GCDFP-15 and EGF levels were higher when alpha-lactalbumin concentrations were below detection limits. This association was statistically significant for GCDFP-15 (P less than 0.03) and for EGF (P less than 0.001). These results suggest that GCDFP-15 and EMA could be the biochemical expression of apocrine metaplasia and epithelial hyperplasia, respectively, two histopathological features which characterize breast cystic disease. On the other hand, the occasional presence of alpha-lactalbumin in the cyst fluid would reflect the persistence of differentiated cells in the epithelium surrounding the cyst and would be inversely proportional to the degree of cellular proliferation. The omnipresence of EGF in the cyst fluid argues for the hypothesis of its production by the mammary gland. The highly significant relationship between GCDFP-15 and EGF levels in the medium remains to be elucidated but may be related to an androgen sensitivity in the breast epithelium surrounding the cyst.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1985

Immunohistochemistry of a component protein of the breast cystic disease fluid with mol. wt 15,000.

A specific protein from the liquid of a mammary cyst with a molecular weight of 15,000 (GCDFP 15) was studied in normal and pathological mammary tissue using an immunohistochemical method (peroxidase-anti-peroxidase complex). An immunoreactivity of the GCDFP type was found in normal idrosadenoid glands having an apocrine secretion. Histologically normal mammary tissue was not immunoreactive. In benign breast tissue the GCDFP was found particularly in epithelium undergoing apocrine metaplasia (55/55) and in atypical lobular epithelial hyperplasia (8/10). Of the adenocarcinomas of the breast 136/161 (84%) were immunoreactive, especially lobular carcinoma (13/13). The proportion of tumors with a high percentage of immunoreactive cells (76-100%) was greater for Bloom's grade I (1/29: 34%) than for grade III (10/66: 15%). A significant correlation was found between the percentage of immunoreactive cells and the cytosolic concentration of progesterone receptors. The morphological intracellular identification of GCDFP (due to its greater sensitivity) and its correlation with progesterone receptors allowed a more precise evaluation of the functional state and the hormonal dependency of the breast cells by underlining the heterogeneity of the tumoral cell population.

Apocrine Glands↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical detection of alphalactalbumin in breast lesions.

Alphalactalbumin was investigated in breast cells using the immunoperoxidase technique with a specific anti-alphalactalbumin serum. In 50 benign tumors alphalactalbumin immunoreactivity was demonstrated in the epithelium of fibroadenomas and in fibrocystic disease showing apocrine metaplasia. Alphalactalbumin immunoreactivity, investigated in 124 breast cancers, was present in all cells of lobular tumors but in only 76% of other cancers where the pattern was heterogeneous. Perineoplastic mammary tissue of normal appearance was not labeled with the anti-alphalactalbumin antiserum except where lobular hyperplasia was present. The presence of alphalactalbumin-type immunoreactivity was not correlated with the histopathological staging of Bloom and Richardson, nor with menopausal status. The incidence of positivity was 90% when estrogen and progesterone receptors were present in the tumor. The demonstration of alphalactalbumin using immunoperoxidase could be used to complement the histological classification of breast cancers.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Sex differences in life satisfaction: Australian data.

Data from an Australian survey of 1,050 elderly men and women were analyzed with regard to sex differences in life satisfaction and its determinants. Men and women had very similar levels of education, health, financial satisfaction, subjective social integration, and morale. Little difference between sexes was found in the causal process determining life satisfaction. There was little or no interaction between sex and the other variables examined.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Role demands, privacy and psychological well-being.

Data from a 1973-74 survey and a five year follow-up survey in 1979, both conducted in New Zealand, are analyzed with regard to gender differences in role obligations, privacy and psychological well-being. The findings support the hypothesis that women are the primary providers of nurturance to family members. Women, more than men reported reductions in privacy because of their role obligations. Reduced privacy in turn caused a reduction in psychological well-being.

Crowding↗
PubMed1984

[Are chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and its alpha and beta subunits useful markers in non-trophoblastic tumors?].

HCG and its subunits alpha and beta are produced by trophoblastic cancers constituting an index of early detection and monitoring for these tumors. Unlike HCG-alpha, we can obtain specific HCG and HCG-beta assays with LH-neutralized antiserum. Many normal non-trophoblastic tissues exhibit a HCG-like immunoreactivity. All choriocarcinomatous testicular tumors produce HCG and HCG-beta. Half of all testicular teratomas produce HCG and its subunits while a third of all seminomas exhibit an HCG-like immunoreactivity, whether choriocarcinomatous component is present or not. Serum HCG levels are elevated in seminomas (5 to 22%) as well as teratomas '55 to 89%). Less than 15% of breast, digestive and lung cancers have increased serum levels of HCG and/or its 2 subunits. HCG is most often produced by undifferentiated lung cancers, hepatoblastomas and adrenal carcinomas. There is usually a parallel relation between these serum levels and the clinical evolution of the disease under chemotherapy. In breast cancer, these levels do not constitue a "prognosis index". HCG production by non-trophoblastic tumors can induce clinical symptoms such as precocious puberty and gynecomastia.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Products of exocrine secretion of the breast and breast cancer].

The breast is an exocrine gland which secretes the proteins present in breast milk, such as casein and lactalbumin. The apocrine metaplasia which often accompanies cystic transformation may result in the production of proteins in the cystic fluid: GCDFP (Gross cystic disease fluid protein). The production of these proteins by breast cancer and their secretion into the blood enable them to be considered as markers of tumour differentiation. They are useful to the clinical oncologist as quantifiable parameters of tumour extension and response to treatment. In the future, they may provide an index of malignant transformation and hormone dependence.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1982

[Tumor markers].

Several substances, referred to as tumor markers, are associated with neoplasms development. The specificity of these cancer related substances or antigens depends on their nature (onco-fetal antigens, placental antigens) or on their concentration and physico-chemical forms (hormones, exocrine products, enzymes,...). On the basis of physico-chemical, immunochemical and biochemical analogies which exist between these tumor markers and substances normally found at particular times of life, a classification of these markers may be proposed. Tumor markers are almost constantly found within carcinoma cells by immunocytochemical techniques and are secreted by carcinoma explants in culture medium. On the hand, the release of tumor markers in biological fluids (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urines,...) is less frequently detected by sensitive methods such as radioimmunoassay. Several factors are responsible for this discrepancy between the intra-tumoral presence of tumor markers and the lower incidence of their detection in biological fluids. These factors are discussed. These tumor markers have attracted considerable attention from pathologists and clinicians. Thus, detection of these substances, especially by immunocytochemical methods, may be related to a situation of neoplastic transformation and allow a functional classification superimposed to histological classification superimposed to histological classification of tumors. Moreover, ectopic production of hormones and/or neuromediators explains some clinical symptoms in cancer processes. Furthermore, products of normal cell activity at the origin of cancer (hormones, enzymes, exocrine products) when evidenced within the neoplastic cells or within serum might constitute a hormonal dependence index useful for therapeutical orientation. Finally, tumor marker levels are related to the local and systemic extension of the neoplasia and may be considered as valid index of prognosis. The determination of the levels of these tumor markers provides a quantitative criterion of the evolution of the neoplastic disorder and for following the efficacy or inefficacy of treatment.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1977

[Fibroblastic constrictive endocarditis. Apropos of a form localized in the left ventricle].

The authors report a case of a localised form of this strange disorder which was confined to the left ventricle, and in which the diagnosis was tentative for a long time. In this case it was possible to carry out a removal of the fibrous plaque after opening the apex of the left ventricle, the mitral valve being preserved, as described by Dubost; the functional and haemodynamic results of this procedure were very satisfactory.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1976

Simultaneous assays of cancer-associated antigens in various neoplastic disorders.

Five tumor markers were measured simultaneously in serum by radioimmunoassay: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (HGC), the beta subunit of HCG, and Kappa casein. In a population of 935 normal subjects these antigens were undetectable or found within precise limits. In patients with tumors of various origins the rate of pathologically elevated levels was 72% at the beginning of the clinical course (194 cases). This high rate was primarily due to the simultaneous measurement of CEA, betaHCG, HCG, and casein. AFP was of little importance. The simultaneous measurement of these tumor markers may be one biochemical element of diagnosis of carcinoma, although this criterion is neither absolute nor specific, as 14.7% of patients with non-neoplastic disorders (234 cases) were positive for one antigen. In the presence of metastases (112 cases) the rate of pathologic levels of at least one antigen was increased: 86% due to CEA and casein assay at the same time as their absolute levels were increased. Surgical removal reduces the rate of positivity of these antigens to 37%. As was shown in patients with breast cancer, the rate was 10% when the tumor had been removed at Stage N- and 54% when it was removed at Stage N+. Thus, the persistence of pathologic levels could be correlated with the capacity for recurrence or metastases. Finally chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both, do not decrease the rate of positivity of the tumor markers.

Adult↗