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Biomedical subjects

J Colin

Publications and source records attributed to J Colin.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Epikeratoplasty using lyophilized lenticles for the correction if aphakia in adults].

Fifty adult aphakic patients were treated surgically by epikeratoplasty. Forty-one eyes had posttraumatic aphakia including 26 eyes with corneal scars. Results are presented with a mean follow-up of 31 months. 64% of eyes achieved an uncorrected visual acuity of 0.2 or better. Best visual acuity was 0.2 or better in 92% of eyes (this percentage is similar to the preoperative figure) and 0.5 or better in 62%. 78% of eyes had a refraction within 3 diopters of emmetropia. 10% of eyes lost 2 or more lines of best visual acuity. Mean keratometric results and spheric equivalent of the refraction show stability of the procedure during a 2 year follow up period. These results confirm, that in selected patients, epikeratoplasty is a valid surgical alternative for adult aphakia.

Aphakia↗
PubMed1989

Solid phase extraction and HPLC determination of spiramycin in plasma and vitreous concentrations.

A method for extracting spiramycin by an octadecylsilica cartridge is described for plasma or vitreous samples. The macrolide antibiotic is then measured by reversed-phase HPLC with UV detection. The limit of detection is estimated to be 50 ng/mL. The coefficient of variation for the procedure is 6.1% and 5.2% for the range of concentrations 0.2 micrograms/mL and 10 micrograms/mL respectively. By this method, pharmacokinetic profiles were performed for five adult patients. Spiramycin could be accurately measured in the vitreous humour, allowing the determination of antibiotic at its site of action.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1989

2-(2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)aminothiazole hydrochloride as a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase and a free radical scavenger. 2nd communication: anti-inflammatory activity.

The paper describes the topical anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)aminothiazole hydrochloride (CBS-113 A), a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase and a potent free radical scavenger. When applied in eye drops (0.01 to 0.1% according to the model used), the drug inhibited inflammation in experimental conjunctivitis and uveitis induced by various procedures (e.g. paracentesis, endotoxin, S-antigen, albumin, Fe2+). The compound also inhibited leukocyte infiltration and histamine release when administered locally in pleural cavity with carrageenan. CBS-113 A could decrease plasma leakage induced by arachidonic acid or platelet activating factor in skin and airway, respectively. However, it was devoid of any activity when administered by systemic route. The compound appears as a potentially useful anti-inflammatory drug, in particular in ophthalmology and as an alternative to glucocorticoids, since it does not present the side effects of these steroids (e.g. worsening of herpetic keratitis).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Acanthamoeba keratitis. Epidemiologic and parasitologic study].

The amebic keratitis with Acanthamoeba are until now rare, but however increasing as their diagnosis is better, and the contact lens wearers more numerous. The authors present the clinical and parasitological features of cases they did diagnose since 1986. In the immunological sphere, the T4 lymphocytes were 20% less than the normal for the first patient, and the third one had a very low level of immunoglobulins A. In the evolution sphere, the first one did received a keratoplasty; the second one has been successfully treated with propamidine isethionate; for the third one, the treatment with propamidine isethionate was nonuseful and a keratoplasty which was finally performed did show off numerous amebic cysts. In the parasitologic sphere, Acanthamoeba polyphaga was isolated from the first case, Acanthamoeba quina from the second one and Acanthamoeba lugdunensis from the last one. These last two cases are the first which did permit to isolate these amoebae, morphologically near to the first species.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits. Evaluation of pro-infectious effects of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents].

We tested 3 non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in experimental herpes keratitis in order to determine possible pro-infectious consequences. The drugs were Indomethacine, Flurbiprofen and a new non steroidal anti-inflammatory, CBS 113 A, mixed inhibitor of cycloxygenase and lipoxygenase. We studied simultaneously the evolution of the keratitis and viral excretion. We considered that an anti-inflammatory agent had a pro-infectious effect if the keratitis was more serious and/or viral excretion longer in comparison with placebo. We have shown, for the 3 drugs, in comparison with dexamethasone activity, absence of a pro-infectious effect. We compared our results on Flurpiprofen with an other study which gave this anti-inflammatory drug pro-infectious capacities; the concentration used was higher. CBS 113 A, inhibiting the metabolism of arachidonic acid via lipoxygenase and cycloxygenase and thus preventing the formation of metabolitis involved in inflammation (prostaglandins, leukotrienes,...), should have a spectrum of activity wider than that of NSAID. Subject to further studies, these 3 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory could be used in herpetic kerato-uveitis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

[Presumed toxoplasmic chorioretinitis: comparative study of treatment with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine or clindamycin].

A prospective, randomized study was conducted in 29 patients with presumed toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis to compare the efficacy of oral pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine (P + S) with subconjunctival injections of clindamycin. There was no difference in the mean visual acuity in both groups after treatment; the mean healing time was similar in the two treatment groups, 1.80 months with clindamycin and 1.88 month with P + S. However subjective improvement was obtained earlier with clindamycin. After 14 months' follow up, recurrences of ocular toxoplasmosis developed in both groups, 21% with clindamycin and 36% with P + S, respectively (NS). Other than the discomfort due to topical treatment, clindamycin did not produce any side-effects, which did happened after oral P + S. Subconjunctival injections of clindamycin provide an interesting alternative in the choice of an antitoxoplasmic ocular therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Molecular epidemiology of two consecutive outbreaks of adenovirus 8 keratoconjunctivitis.

Eleven strains of adenovirus 8 (Ad 8) isolated during two consecutive outbreaks of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) in the Ophthalmology Department of a University Hospital in France were compared by DNA restriction analysis. The results indicated that isolates from the two outbreaks belong to the same genome type, which is also the most predominant genome type of Ad 8. The usefulness of molecular epidemiology in Ad 8 infections is briefly discussed.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1988

The prevalence of exfoliation syndrome in different areas of France.

A prospective study was performed by 30 ophthalmologists to determine the prevalence of exfoliation syndrome (ES) in different areas of France and its relationship with glaucoma. The prevalence of ES in France is 5.5%; there are geographical variations: in Brittany and in the South East, the prevalence of ES is statistically higher than in the other areas. The percentage of patients with ES and glaucoma is 65.5%. The mean age of patients with ES with glaucoma (74.8) is significantly lower than the mean age of patients with ES without glaucoma (76.9). The association of ES with glaucoma appears early and does not increase with age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

[2 outbreaks of adenovirus 8 keratoconjunctivitis. Clinical, epidemiological and preventive approach].

Adenovirus 8 represents the main agent of Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) and outbreaks mainly occur in hospital wards, colleges and metallurgy industry. Adenovirus 8 conjunctivitis are generally severe lasting two to three weeks, and keratitis with persistent infiltrates may be observed for more than a year. There is no actual treatment of EKC and therefore preventive measures appear as essential to avoid and/or limit such outbreaks in hospital wards. We have observed two consecutive outbreaks of Adenovirus 8 EKC in the Ophthalmology Department of the University Hospital in Brest, France. One outbreak lasted from December 1st, 1983, to March 20, 1984, and the second from July 13, 1984, to November 6, 1984. All patients were selected on the basis of positive virus isolation and they were divided into three epidemiological groups: Group 1 concerned patients who came for EKC treatment at the Ophthalmology Department for the first time; Group 2 resembled either infected staff members or patients which came for EKC and which had already been at the Ophthalmology Department for less than a month with another disease; Group 3 corresponded to hospitalized patients which had contracted EKC during their stay in the ward. Virus isolations were attempted at the virus laboratory in Brest (Pr Chastel) using human diploid fibroblastic cells, MRC 5 strain (Bio-Mérieux, France) and virus isolates were identified by neutralisation tests.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenoviridae Infections↗