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Biomedical subjects

J Clavier

Publications and source records attributed to J Clavier.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Predictive value of T-cell subset derangements in lung cancer.

The proportions of T-lymphocytes, T-lymphocyte subsets, NK cells, DR determinant and interleukin-2 receptor-bearing T-lymphocytes were enumerated in 39 patients with lung cancer prior to any chemotherapy. T-lymphocytes, suppressor/cytotoxic T-cells and interleukin-2 receptor-bearing T-cells were found to be significantly higher in patients responding than in those not responding to chemotherapy. Such mononuclear cell subset analysis by monoclonal antibodies might be additional information to consider before undertaking treatment.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

[Peripheral neuropathies during treatment with cisplatin: clinical and electrophysiologic study of 11 cases].

Eleven patients with bronchial epidermoid carcinoma and undergoing treatment with cis-D.D.P. (II) were kept under electrophysiological and clinical surveillance. No other neurotoxic medication was added. The total dose of cis-D.D.P. was 300 mg/m2 over a period of three months: namely, three courses of 100 mg/m2 distributed over 5 days. Following the pretreatment check-up, the patients were divided into two groups: those without any electrophysiological abnormality (group A), and those without clinical abnormality but with a delayed latency H of the Hoffmann Reflex (group B). Patients in group A showed a slowing down of the motor nerve conduction velocity of the Median and Peroneal Nerves after a course of 100 mg, without accompanying worsening of the conduction velocity after 300 mg/m2, and prolongation of the distal latency of the sensory Median Nerve after 300 mg/m2; in group B, no significant change of electrophysiological clinical features were noted. In the two groups a non-significant reduction in amplitude of evoked responses were noted. These findings are more consistent with an axonal injury than with functional myelin injury. The authors review the existing literature and discuss the physiopathologic mechanisms of cis-D.D.P. peripheral neuropathies.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Lack of T lymphocytes expressing CD4 antigen during pollenosis].

T lymphocyte subpopulations by monoclonal antibodies have been studied in 17 atopic asthmatics and 17 normal subjects age and sex matched, we found a significant decrease of total T lymphocytes with significant decrease of CD4 antigen bearing cells in the patients, the pollenogenic asthmatics being responsible for this difference with the controls. We did not find any study of the literature evaluating T lymphocyte subpopulations in atopic patients with regard to allergen type. The pathogenic hypothesis are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Value of visual and somatosensory evoked potentials and the electroencephalogram in chronic respiratory insufficiency].

The visual evoked potentials (VEPs), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and the electroencephalogram (EEG) have been studied in 16 subjects presenting chronic respiratory insufficiency (CRI) with normal consciousness. The SEPs latencies were increased but the VEPs latencies were not. The EEG was little disturbed and did not seem to provide useful information in CRI without encephalopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Preoperative chemotherapy in epidermoid bronchogenic carcinoma.

Palliative chemotherapy in cases of epidermoid bronchogenic carcinoma, initially judged to be inoperable, made it possible to perform operative resection in 50 cases. An association of cis-platinum and bleomycin was used, this combination having previously been considered synergistic. In certain cases the tumour seemed to have disappeared on macroscopic examination of the resected specimen, and in some instances no tumoral cells could be found on histological examination. This series brought out several positive features: chemotherapy made it possible to operate on patients previously judged to be inoperable; it ensured maximum local efficiency of drugs because of the absence of abnormal vascularity; and it made it possible to anticipate the cure of occult metastases. However, three negative aspects were also present: modification of postoperative TNM classification making it difficult to establish a prognosis; difficulty in determining therapeutic strategy for pNo; and inadequate long-term follow-up. On the whole the positive points appeared to outweigh the negative aspects, but a randomized study is necessary to confirm this.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Immunological effect of silica dust analyzed by monoclonal antibodies.

We found a significant decrease of OKT8 + ve cells in silicosis patients (18.1%), but also in unaffected exposed workers (19.0%), when compared with sex- and age-matched controls (22.8%). The proportion of OKT8 + ve cells was significantly lower in subjects with antinuclear antibodies (15.7%) and in those with IgG-rheumatoid factors (16.3%).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antiperinuclear activity in lung carcinoma patients.

Antiperinuclear factor (APF) might be a specific serum rheumatoid factor directed towards keratohyaline granules. It was found to be present in 40 of 79 (50.6%) patients with primary and in 21 of 36 (58.3%) patients with metastatic lung cancer, compared with 12 of 95 (12.6%) sex- and age-matched normal controls. Additionally, APF frequency and titer correlated well with tumor dissemination, even though no relationship could be shown with histopathological type.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Lowered Fc IgG receptor-bearing T lymphocytes correlate with non-organ-specific autoantibodies in silicosis.

A survey of silicosis patients and people exposed to silica dust was set up in an effort to look for any relationship between humoral and cell-mediated autoimmune phenomena. It was found that in both sets of subjects, the level of Fc IgG receptor-bearing T lymphocytes was significantly reduced, there was also an inverse correlation between these cell concentrations and IgG- and IgM-circulating immune complex levels. In addition, raised levels of various autoantibodies were found in both groups, however, none of the exposed subjects has developed silicosis to date.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Surgery and chemotherapy. A new method of treatment for squamous cell bronchial carcinoma.

Between April, 1981, and December, 1982, 32 patients with squamous cell bronchial carcinoma were treated with a chemotherapy regimen followed by operation. The preoperative chemotherapeutic agents used were cisplatin, bleomycin, and mitomycin C. A thoracotomy was performed 3 to 4 weeks after the last day of the last treatment. Of the 29 undergoing resection, three (10.3%) had no tumor cells in the resected specimen and four (12.5%) had only a few neoplastic microcenters in tissue necrosis or fibrosis. We suggest that the use of this new chemotherapy combination with surgical resection provides excellent palliation, increases resectability, and has a potential for increasing the cure rate in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Current status of Wegener's syndrome. Apropos of 2 cases].

In the context of two recent cases, the authors briefly review the clinical, laboratory and anatomical features of Wegener's granulomatosis and, in particular, its clinical course in response to treatment. These 2 cases include fairly original features: one case presented with abundant haemoptysis with a radiological picture of extensive diffuse bilateral pneumonia; the other case presented with a very large pleural effusion with no E.N.T. involvement whatsoever. The authors then summarise the classical features of this severe form of granulomatous vasculitis, which essentially affects the lungs, the kidneys and the ear, nose and throat. The lesions have a typical histological appearance. The major interest of this disease lies in its treatment. The natural evolution of this disease is very serious with a mean survival of 5 months. However, with immunosuppressant and corticosteroid treatment, a complete remission is obtained and maintained in more than 90% of cases. The therapeutic protocol used, as in one of the present cases, prevents the development of the lesion responsible for the very serious prognosis, irreversible renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Influence of the localization on the prognostic value of E, E-active and autologous rosettes in lung, esophagus and otorhinolaryngologic cancer].

E, E-active and autologous-rosette-forming-lymphocytes (E, Eact-, auto-RFC) were studied in 66 patients with lung cancer (2 stage I, 17 stage II, 20 stage III, 27 stage IV), 42 patients with head and neck cancer (14 stage III, 28 stage IV) and 22 patients with esophagus cancer (11 stage II, 6 stage III, 5 stage IV). Compared to controls, E-RFC were found to be depressed in each of the three different localizations (p less than 0.001), Eact-RFC were found to be depressed in head and neck as well as esophagus cancer (p less than 0,05 and p less than 0,01 respectively) and auto-RFC were found to be depressed in lung and esophagus cancer (p less than 0,01). Mean survival times of patients with RFC over and under 1 SD below the average value were compared. Significant differences were demonstrated in E-RFC and auto-RFC for head and neck cancer and in Eact-RFC for lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Solitary fibrous tumors of the visceral pleura. 5 cases].

Five new cases of solitary fibrous mesothelioma of the visceral pleura support this review of the literature. Well encapsulated and usually pediculated, these tumours remain asymptomatic for a long time and are in most cases an incidental finding on radiographs of the chest. The precise site of the tumour can be identified by artificial pneumothorax. Some large tumours are accompanied by extrathoracic signs, i.e. hypoglycemia and hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy. Histological examination discloses whorls of collagen fibres with scattered spindle-shaped cells. Electron microscopy reveals characteristic features of both fibroblasts and mesothelial cells. Complete surgical removal is the best treatment of localized fibrous mesotheliomas of the visceral pleura. Post-surgical recurrences are rare, and late recurrences (up to 16 years after excision) are usually benign and of good prognosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[5 new cases of solitary fibrous mesothelioma of the visceral pleura].

Five new cases of solitary fibrous mesothelioma of the visceral pleura support this review of the literature. Well encapsulated, mostly pedunculated, the implantation on the visceral pleura remains asymptomatic for a very long time and is more likely to be an incidental finding on a chest radiograph. Two extrathoracic signs are associated with certain huge tumors : hypoglycemia and osteoarthropathy. Histologic examination discloses whorls of collagen with scattered spindle-shaped cells. Electron microscope reveals characteristic features of both fibroblasts and mesothelial cells. Complete surgical removal is the best treatment for localized fibrous mesotheliomas of the visceral pleura. Recurrences after resection are rare and late recurrence, as long as 16 years after initial excision, usually behaves in a benign fashion.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Pulmonary silicosis and disseminated lupus erythematosus].

In a 59-year old sand-blaster, histologically proven silicosis was complicated by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and focal glomerulonephritis with IgG, IgA and ClQ deposits. Nothing likely to facilitate SLE was detected by investigating the familial background, the HLA phenotype and the complement system. This type of SLE differs from drug-induced lupus-like syndromes by a high level of anti-double helix DNA antibodies and by the renal lesions observed. The connection between silicosis and SLE lies in changes in humoral immunity, i.e. polyclonal activation and production of antinuclear antibodies. A decrease in the number of suppressor T-cells may also be held responsible.

Humans↗