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Biomedical subjects

J Churg

Publications and source records attributed to J Churg.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Identification of dense deposit disease: a report for the International Study of Kidney Diseases in Children.

The fluorescent dye thioflavin T stains intensely the deposits in dense deposit disease and can be used for identification purposes. Comparison of thioflavin T staining with electron microscopy was carried out in 25 patients and showed excellent congruity. Thioflavin T is much easier to use, but is less specific than electron microscopy. Cases of light chain disease and of some gammopathies can be a source of confusion. In nearly all other instances, the pattern of staining helps to differentiate dense deposits from other types of deposits and from amyloid.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1979

Ultrastructure of hematoxylin bodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Two specimens, the first from a percutaneous renal biopsy and the second autopsy tissue of ovary, from two subjects with active systemic lupus erythematosus were found to contain many striking hematoxylin bodies in the walls of several small arteries. The specimens were reprocessed for electron microscopy; in one case, corresponding plastic embedded sections were also stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Feulgen stain. Hematoxylin bodies were easily identified on electron microscopy. They were found to be dense, homogeneous structures, approximately the size of a nucleus. They probably represent mainly altered nuclear material with occasional small chromatin remnants or minor cytoplasmic inclusions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Glomerular injury in malignant nephrosclerosis.

Electron microscopic analysis of subendothelial and mesangial alterations in the glomeruli was performed in 15 cases of malignant nephrosclerosis (MNS). 8 cases showed segmental or diffuse subendothelial accumulation of proteinaceous 'fibrinoid' material associated with thickening of glomerular basement membranes. 2 of these cases also showed similar deposits in the mesangium. When severe, this mesangial insudation resulted in almost complete replacement and destruction of the mesangial matrix. Endothelial injury with alteration of glomerular microcirculation and secondary intravascular coagulation is believed to play a role in the development of the glomerular lesions in MNS.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1977

Papillary tumors of the peritoneum in women: mesothelioma or papillary carcinoma.

It has been urged recently that the surface tumors of the ovary be classified as mesotheliomas because both of these neoplasms have a common ancestry. It was suggested also that the rare extragonadal peritoneal tumor of a microscopic morphology similar to that of the ovarian tumor be considered as a mesothelioma. In the present report, objections to this classification are offered. Fifteen cases of diffuse and/or localized peritoneal tumors interpreted as papillary carcinoma arising from extraovarian tissue of Müllerian potentiality are described, and distinctions from mesothelioma are pointed out. Reasons for opposing the grouping of ovarian carcinoma or extragonadal papillary carcinoma of the peritoneum with mesothelioma include the need for categorizing the latter separately in order to monitor its association with asbestos exposure and the possibility that biological differences between these tumors may lead to the development of different modes of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Resolution of renal amyloidosis.

A patient with renal amyloidosis and the nephrotic syndrome consequent to extensive infected burns demonstrated both clinical resolution of the nephrotic syndrome and morphologic regression of the renal amyloid deposits over a six year period. The regression of the amyloid deposits was associated with several changes in the glomerular capillary wall resulting in a double capillary wall contour. This case indicates that deposits of amyloid in the kidney may regress and suggests a sequence of events in this resolution.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1977

Peritoneal mesothelioma.

The cytohistology in 82 cases diagnosed as malignant peritoneal mesothelioma was correlated with available clinical and gross pathologic information. The cases were then evaluated as to ceratainty of diagnosis. The material had come from a large number of sources, most of it having been traced by a history of occupational exposure to asbestos. A relatively short interval of significant symptoms, with already existent diffuse peritoneal involvement and ascites, and an average survival time of less than a year characterized the group. The microscopic morphology formed a spectrum from highly characteristic, pure epithelial and mixed epithelial and sarcomatoid types, through nonspecific although relatively differentiated appearances, to pleomorphic analplatic proliferations. Local invasion and metastasis were common but much more limited than with tumors of other histogenesis showing comparable serous membrane involvement. Autopsy was of considerable exclusionary value although not in itself always determinative, and mucopolysaccharide histochemistry was occasionally decisive in diagnosis. Because of the microscopic versatlity of mesothelioma and the clinical and gross morphologic overlap with other neoplasms, all available data must be taken into consideration in arriving at a diagnosis. We believe that the dgree of certainty of diagnosis should be indicated by a succinct but reasonably explicit terminology.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Electron microscopy of a feminizing Leydig cell tumor of the testis.

The ultrastructural characteristics of a feminizing interstitial (Leydig) cell tumor of the testis were compared with those of normal Leydig cells and with the findings described in 10 published cases of Leydig cell tumor. The neoplastic Leydig cells superficially resembled normal Leydig cells. Similarities included abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum, lipid, and microbodies. Contrastingly, Reinke crystalloids and paracrystalline inclusions were absent and lipochrome pigment and lysosomes very rare. The nuclei were large and contained enlarged, often multiple, nucleoli. The nuclear membranes tended to be irregular and undulating. Cytoplasmic membranous whorls and myelin figures were conspicuous. Fairly homogeneous fibrous septa were evident between single and grouped tumor cells. Despite several individual variations, there is a general resemblance between the neoplastic Leydig cells in this patient and those previously reported. No distinguishing ultrastructural characteristics were discerned between feminizing and virilizing Leydig cell tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effects of a feminizing testicular Leydig cell tumour on nontumorous testicular tissue: an ultrastructual study.

The ultrastructural effects of a Leydig cell tumour of the testis on nontumorous testicular tissue have not yet been reported. Described here are the electron microscopic findings in the nonneoplastic testicular tissue of a patient with a feminizing testicular Leydig cell neoplasm. Serial studies were carried out over a period of 31/2 years prior to removal of the tumour. The overall general picture was characterized by progressive degeneration of Leydig cells, cells of the germinal series and Sertoli cells. Concomitantly, there was increasing thickening and fibrosis of the tubular walls. Cytoplasmic focal accumulations of glycogen, increasing with the duration of the disease, were conspicuous in many spermatogonia. All of these alterations are nonspecific and are attributable to adverse endocrine effects introduced by the oestrogen-secreting tumour. They were present bilaterally and were more prominent on the tumour-bearing side. Attention is drawn to the role of artifacts, fixation technique and degenerative processes in the production and appearance of certain ultrastructural findings, such as 'light' and 'dark' cells, myelin figures, membranous whorls and focal glycogen accumulations.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pathogenic effects of asbestos.

The enormous increase in the use of asbestos during this century has necessitated the intensive study of its pathogenic effects. The occurrence of pulmonary parenchymal and pleural fibrosis and an increased prevalence of pulmonary and gastrointestinal carcinoma and of pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma have been established. A relationship, also, to laryngeal carcinoma is probable. Mesothelioma has been associated with indirect occupational, domestic, and neighborhood exposure, and the possibility of a similar correlation of pulmonary carcinoma with low exposure has been suggested. Pulmonary fibrosis and pleural plaques have been demonstrated under these circumstances. The physical characteristics of the asbestos fiber appear to be the principal factors in its carcinogenic action. The ability of fine, short fibers, especially fragmented chrysotile, to reach the pleura would appear to account for many of the pathogenetic and anatomical features of asbestos-related disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Radiation nephritis.

There is considerable similarity in the morphologic expression of radiation nephritis in man and in the rat. In both species the cellular structures as well as intercellular substances are affected. The most sensitive elements are the tubular epithelium, glomerular endothelium, the glomerular mesangium, and subendothelial and endomysial basement membranes in the arterial walls. The characteristic separation of cells from basement membranes in the glomeruli and tubules is probably due to the damage of both the cells and the membranes. Subsequent degeneration of muscle cells in the arterial media and deposition of fibrin lead to fibrinoid necrosis and thrombosis. Within the range of 1500 to 10,000 rads the nature of radiation changes remains the same irrespective of dose. Higher doses merely accelerate and aggravate the lesions and increase the frequency of severe arterial damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.

In a retrospective study of the effect of treatment in biopsy-proved idiopathic membranous nephropathy, 91 adults and 12 children were followed for periods up to 29 years after clinical onset (mean, 6.5 years). Forty-four were treated with corticosteroids, 15 with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants; 44 had no treatment and served as a control group. Clinical cure and improvement were significantly greater in the treated than in the nontreated group (P less than 0.01). The recurrence rate, occurrence of renal failure and probability of death were significantly greater in the nontreated group, although some of these patients eventually showed improvement. Prognosis was better in patients who responded to therapy. These data strongly suggest that steroid therapy is beneficial in patients with membranous nephropathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Radiation nephritis. Chronic changes following moderate doses of radiation.

Experimental radiation nephritis in the rat is the result of progressive injury involving glomeruli and tubules. Vascular damage plays litter or no role in the initial stages although arterial necrosis and thrombosis develop in the late stages. The radiation nephritis is essentially a degenerative process and the inflammatory reaction, if any, appears to be secondary to necrosis. Within the range employed in this and in previous experiments (1,500 to 10,000 rads), the nature of changes is the same regardless of the dose; large doses of radiation merely accelerate and aggravate the process. During the "latent'' phase there are progressive ultrastructural alterations which eventually become evident by light microscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Unilateral glomerulonephritis.

Three patients had unilateral glomerulonephritis. In two, the protected kidney was associated with stenosis of its renal artery, and in the third patient, a hydronephrotic kidney was spared. These clinical examples of unilateral glomerulonephritis and similar experimental models illustrate the effect of hemodynamic and hydrostatic influence in the manifestation of glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis associated with unilateral arterial or ureteral disease may cause clinical confusion and error in diagnosis and treatment.

Adult↗