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Biomedical subjects

J Chin

Publications and source records attributed to J Chin.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1972

Importation of Shiga bacillus dysentery into California. Clinical and public health significance.

Concurrent with the regional epidemic of classic Shiga dysentery in Central America during 1969 and 1970, a pronounced increase in the isolation of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 was noted in California. A retrospective study of 20 cases diagnosed in California in 1969 and 1970 revealed that 18 of the patients had traveled to Central America or Mexico during or immediately before the onset of symptoms. Sixteen were known to have been admitted to hospital; there was one death. Despite the concern that such importations might result in epidemics in this country among groups living in crowded, unsanitary settings, no definite secondary transmission was identified in this study. The problems of differential diagnosis, laboratory isolation of the agent, chemotherapy, and epidemic control are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

The need for routine rubella antibody testing of women.

Results of rubella antibody tests performed by the California State Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory on blood specimens collected in 1968 and 1969 from school children and women of childbearing age showed a slightly lower prevalence of rubella antibody in California than reported from most other areas of the United States. Among women of childbearing age, rubella hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) antibody was found in 72 percent of those tested in California compared with 80 percent to 90 percent in other areas of the country. Rubella antibody testing services offered by the State Virus Laboratory included situations in which a pregnant woman was exposed to a suspected case of rubella. It was shown that very few of these exposures constitute a significant risk to the fetus as most of the women already possessed antibody to rubella from past infection and in many instances the exposures were not to actual cases of rubella. The results of this study emphasized the urgency of obtaining blood specimens from pregnant women as soon as possible after exposure to rubella or development of symptoms of rubella. The urgency and anxiety attending these situations can largely be obviated if routine rubella antibody testing of women is carried out prior to pregnancy or at the first prenatal visit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1971

Complications of rubella immunization in children.

A rubella vaccine, prepared in dog kidney cell culture, was given to 4,734 primary school children in one California county in May, 1970. Adverse reactions of arthritis, arthralgia and paresthesia were reported two to eight weeks later. Paresthesia was a very prominent complaint and showed a peculiar diurnal pattern. Objective findings in a group of symptomatic children who came to medical attention were limited to tender, swollen, small joints. Rubella virus was isolated from throat swabs from two children with symptoms 38 and 43 days after immunization.A sample telephone survey of immunized and non-immunized children was conducted two to three months after the vaccination program to estimate the frequency, type, and distribution of reactions. Approximately 7 percent of inoculated children had symptoms subsequent to vaccination. Almost no reactions were found in the control group. There was a preponderance of girls affected, but symptoms appeared to be more severe in boys. The highest complication rate was found in the youngest age group. These reactions should be brought to the attention of medical groups and the public, but since these reactions are usually mild and self-limited, ongoing immunization programs need not be altered.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1970

Rubella vaccines.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

History of obstetric complications, family history, and CT scan findings in schizophrenic patients.

It has been proposed that obstetric complications (OCs) are more common in patients with nonfamilial schizophrenia, and associated with lateral ventricular enlargement in such patients. We examined the relations among OCs, family history of schizophrenia or bipolar mood disorder, and lateral ventricular size and cortical sulcal prominence in 44 schizophrenic patients. A history of OCs was not related to an absence of a family history of schizophrenia, ventricle-brain ratio, or cortical sulcal prominence. None of the CT findings was related to family history.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A patient with massive oral-facial venous malformation.

While malformations of the upper airway are rare, they present challenging management problems and have a potentially devastating impact during anesthesia. This case report describes the management of a patient with a massive supraglottic venous malformation as he underwent transvenous embolization.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The clinical spectrum of infant botulism.

Infant botulism is the systemic illness that results when spores of Clostridium botulinum germinate in the infant's intestine and then produce botulinal toxin in vivo. As with other infectious diseases, infant botulism has a spectrum of clinical severity that ranges from a mild, outpatient illness to fulminant, sudden death. Most cases reported to date have been recognized in infants so weak and hypotonic that their need for hospital care was unquestioned; yet even this group of patients displayed a wide range in severity of illness. The outpatients were initially considered to be cases of "failure to thrive," while the fulminant cases were indistinguishable at autopsy from typical instances of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS, crib death). This article discusses the observed spectrum of clinical severity, the management of the hospitalized patient, and the manner in which sudden death might result from production of butulinal toxin in the intestine.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Food and environmental aspects of infant botulism in California.

In an effort to identify vehicles by which Clostridium botulinum spores might have reached the intestine of patients with infant botulism, 555 samples of foods, drugs, and environmental specimens were examined. Of the food items, C. botulinum was only found in nine of 90 (10%) honey specimens. Five patients had been exposed to honey that contained C. botulinum, and ingestion of honey was found to be a significant risk factor for type B infant botulism (P = 0.005). In addition, C. botulinum was isolated from five samples of soil (three from case homes, two from control homes) and from vacuum cleaner dust from one case home. In every instance in which C. botulinum was isolated from a specimen of honey, soil, or duct associated with a case of infant botulism, the type of toxin (A or B) in the honey, soil, or dust isolate matched the type of toxin of the organism recovered from the infant. Isolation of C. botulinum from the soil of homes of control infants emphasizes the ubiquitous distribution of and exposure to this organism and suggests that host factors are important in the development of illness. Prevention of infant botulism will depend on the identification of these host factors, as well as on the identification of other vehicles that, like honey, may convey C. botulinum spores to susceptible infants.

Botulism↗