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Biomedical subjects

J Chihara

Publications and source records attributed to J Chihara.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

RANTES augments radical oxygen products from eosinophils.

RANTES, which is released from thrombin-stimulated platelets, is a member of the 8-kD cytokine family that has been shown to possess chemotactic activity for eosinophils. Thus, in this study, we examined the effect of RANTES on radical oxygen products from eosinophils. RANTES treatment resulted in the enhancement of peak value and integrated value of productivity of eosinophil-mediated radical oxygen products determined by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of EoL-3 cells stimulated with A23187. In addition, the radical oxygen products of EoL-1 or eosinophils showed similar results. Thus, we could conclude that platelets might play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic inflammation through the involvement in the selective eosinophil infiltration and eosinophil activation by releasing RANTES.

Chemokine CCL5↗
PubMed1994

Induction of expression of adhesion molecules on an eosinophilic cell line (EoL-1) by the supernatant of lymphocytes stimulated with specific allergen from asthmatic patients.

Recently, adhesion molecules have been considered to play an important role in inflammatory processes in bronchial asthma. To extend our understanding of the high-intensity expression of adhesion molecules (CR3, LFA-1 alpha, LFA-1 beta, ICAM-1) on hypodense eosinophils, which was observed in our previous study, we examined whether the supernatant of lymphocytes from mite-allergic asthmatic patients is involved in adhesion molecule expression using an eosinophilic cell line (EoL-1). These characteristics of adhesion molecule expression were induced by the supernatant of lymphocytes obtained from mite-allergic asthmatic patients cultured with specific allergen as well as a combination of recombinant cytokines (IL-3, GM-CSF, IL-5). Thus, we could conclude that some lymphokines produced by specific allergen in asthma might be involved in the high-intensity expression of adhesion molecules on hypodense eosinophils in asthma or allergic disorders.

Allergens↗
PubMed1994

Effect of platelet-activating factor and platelet factor 4 on eosinophil adhesion.

The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) on the adhesion of isolated human eosinophils or eosinophilic cell lines (EoL-1, EoL-3) was examined. Both PAF and PF4 augmented eosinophil adhesion to plates coated with AB plasma or recombinant soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (r-sICAM-1). These findings suggest that PAF and PF4 not only modulate chemotactic activity of eosinophils but also intensify the function of eosinophil adhesion. Since PAF and PF4 induce the expression of adhesion molecules (LFA-1 alpha, LFA-1 beta, CR3) on eosinophils, we could conclude that PAF or PF4 are closely related to eosinophil accumulation not only as chemotactic agents but also as augmentative agents for eosinophil adhesion through involvement in functional eosinophil adherence as well as surface expression of adhesion molecules on eosinophils.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1994

[Effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on eosinophil adhesion to plasma-coated glass using eosinophilic cell lines (EoL-1, EoL-3)].

Adhesion molecules on various inflammatory cells, especially on eosinophils are now considered to play an important role in allergic inflammations such as bronchial asthma. In this study, we examined the effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on eosinophil adhesion to plasma-coated glass using eosinophilic cell lines (EoL-1, EoL-3), since PAF might be an important mediator as an eosinophil chemotactic agent in bronchial asthma. PAF markedly augmented adherence to plasma-coated plates. This finding suggests that PAF might up-regulate the inflammatory reaction in bronchial asthma through its action as an augmentative agent for eosinophil adhesion as well as its action as an eosinophil chemotactic agent.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1994

Characteristics of bone marrow cells of patients with eosinophilic pneumonia.

Bone marrow features were studied to clarify the pathogenesis of peripheral blood eosinophilia in eosinophilic pneumonia. We observed (1) increases in the number of nucleated cells in patients with this disease as compared with that of control subjects (205,944 +/- 104,253 versus 118,154 +/- 76,306) (P < .05); (2) increases in the myelocyte to erythrocyte ratio (6.95 +/- 4.06 versus 4.02 +/- 1.36) (P < .05) mainly due to a marked increase in the eosinophilic series; and (3) an increase in the eosinophilic series with advance in the maturation process, the degree of increase becoming greater with the increase in eosinophilic maturation. These findings suggest that differentiation and maturation of the precursor cells into mature eosinophils were accelerated in the bone marrow in eosinophilic pneumonia by some lymphokines as eosinophilopoietic growth factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effect of saiboku-to (TJ-96) on bronchial asthma. Induction of glucocorticoid receptor, beta-adrenaline receptor, IgE-Fc epsilon receptor expression and its effect on experimental immediate and late asthmatic reaction.

A remarkable "steroid sparing" effect of Saiboku-to was noted within 6 to 12 months of treatment in steroid-dependent asthmatic patients. Saiboku-to spared the downregulation of glucocorticoid receptor of human lymphocytes, plasma ACTH, and cortisol levels. It also spared downregulation of beta 2 receptor by beta 2 agonists and suppressed mACh receptor at the same time. Saiboku-to increased tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) production, which was inhibited by actinomycin-D, thus having steroid-like activity. In mite-allergic asthma, Saiboku-to inhibited the induction of expression of IgE-Fc epsilon R/CD23 in the lymphocytes by mite allergen. It also inhibited IgE production by mite allergens. In experimental asthma in guinea pigs the use of Saiboku-to resulted in a decrease in the number of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid during late asthmatic response. These findings suggest that Saiboku-to may be effective in inhibiting both the expression of IgE-Fc epsilon R2 and the induction of expression of IgE-Fc epsilon R1. Saiboku-to also has a steroid-like action and polyhedral anti-asthmatic activities.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Role of adhesion molecules expression on eosinophils in bronchial asthma].

Several characteristics of human eosinophil heterogeneity, as well as the existence of eosinophil subpopulations, "normodense" and "hypodense", have been reported in diseases associated with hypereosinophilia. Hypodense eosinophils can be distinguished by the increased expression of various membrane receptors including IL-5 receptor (J Exp Med 172: 1347) and various protein expression (J Immunol 142: 4416). On the other hand, recently, adhesion molecules are considered to play an important role in inflammatory processes in allergic and immune reactions such as bronchial asthma. Thus, in thin study, we examined the characteristics of expression of adhesion molecules on human eosinophils obtained from patients with hypereosinophila (hypodense eosinophils). As a result, high intensity expression of adhesion molecules (CR3, LFA-1 alpha, LFA-beta) on eosinophils were observed. Furthermore, ICAM-1, which is the ligand for LFA-1 molecules, was also expressed on eosinophils with hypereosinophilia. To extend our understanding of high intensity expression of adhesion molecules (CR3, LFA-1 alpha, LFA-1 beta, ICAM-1) on hypodense eosinophils, we examined whether chemotactic agents or eosinophilopoietic growth lymphokines (IL-3, GM-CSF, IL-5) are involved in adhesion molecule expression using an eosinophilic cell line, EoL-3. The expression of adhesion molecules on eosinophils was induced by some chemotactic agents and eosinophilopoietic growth lymphokines. Taken together, we conclude that eosinophilopoietic lymphokines as well as chemotactic agents may be involved in the high intensity expression of adhesion molecules on hypodense eosinophils.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asthma↗
PubMed1993

[Protein phosphorylation in interleukin-5 (IL-5)-stimulated human peripheral blood eosinophils].

Peripheral blood eosinophils from normal healthy subjects were purified on a Percoll gradient and were incubated with H3(32)PO4. 32P-labeled eosinophils were stimulated by IL-5 under various conditions. After the reaction was stopped. SDS/PAGE and autoradiography were performed to determine the incorporation of 32P into proteins. 32P incorporation into the bands with molecular weights of 52 kDa and 65 kDa was obtained. 32P incorporation into the band of 52 kDa was presumed to be non-specific. 32P incorporation into the band of 65 kDa increased when it was incubated with 1-3 U/ml IL-5. IL-5-induced 32P incorporation into the band of 65 kDa was dependent on the temperature of the reaction system and the incubation time with IL-5. However, IL-5-stimulated eosinophils generated no significant superoxide anion as measured by MCLA-dependent chemiluminescence method.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1993

[Induction of gene (mRNA) expression of CD23, CD25 and CD4 on eosinophils by eosinophilopoietic growth lymphokines].

The effects of IL-3, GM-CSF and IL-5 on the expression of CD23 (Fc(E)RII), CD25 (IL-2R/p55) and CD4 on an eosinophilic cell line (EoL-3) were investigated by flow cytometry. A separate incubation with IL-3, GM-CSF or IL-5, did not induce the expression of CD23, CD25, or CD4. However, a sequential incubation with IL-3, then with IL-3 and GM-CSF, induced a significant expression of CD23 and CD25. After a further incubation with IL-3, GM-CSF and IL-5, CD4 was then expressed, while CD23 and CD25 expression still increased. The kinetics of expression of CD11b were parallel to that of CD23, but the expression of the transferrin receptor (CD71) remained negative. Northern blot analysis revealed the presence of mRNA encoding CD23, CD25 and CD4 in EoL-3 stimulated by IL-3, GM-CSF and IL-5. Culture with GM-CSF induced the binding of radiolabeled IL-5 to EoL-3 cells, with an increased affinity after a sequential incubation with IL-3, GM-CSF and IL-5. These data indicate that IL-3, GM-CSF and IL-5, might be involved in the expression of functional markers on eosinophil membrane.

CD4 Antigens↗
PubMed1993

[Expression of adhesion molecules on eosinophils in relation to cytokines and chemotactic agents].

The functions of eosinophils in immunological reactions and their heterogeneity have recently generated a matter of great interest. Several characteristics of human eosinophil heterogeneity, as well as the existence of eosinophil subpopulations, called "normodense" and "hypodense", in diseases associated with hypereosinophilia, have been reported. Hypodense eosinophils can be distinguished by the increased expression of various membrane receptors including IL-5 receptor (J Exp Med 172: 1347) and various protein expression (J Immunol 142:4416). On the other hand, recently, adhesion molecules are considered to play an important role in inflammatory processes in allergic and immune reactions such as bronchial asthma. It was recently described that symptoms of bronchial asthma in animal model were in particular improved by means of anti-ICAM-1 (Intercellular adhesion molecule-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb). Thus, in thin study, we examined the characteristics of expression of adhesion molecules on human eosinophils obtained from hypereosinophilia (hypodense eosinophils). As results, high intensity expression of adhesion molecules (CR3, LFA-1 alpha, LFA-1 beta) on eosinophils obtained from patients with hypereosinophilia were observed. Furthermore, ICAM-1, which is ligand for LFA-1 molecules, was also expressed on eosinophils with hypereosinophilia. To extend our understanding of high intensity expression of adhesion molecules (CR3, LFA-1 alpha, LFA-1 beta, ICAM-1) on hypodense eosinophils, we examined whether chemotactic agents or eosinophilopoietic growth lymphokines (IL-3, GM-CSF, IL-5) is involved in adhesion molecule expression using an eosinophilic cell line named EoL-3. These characteristics of adhesion molecules on eosinophils were induced by some chemotactic agents and eosinophilopoietic growth lymphokines.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The measurement of eosinophil granule proteins].

It has been known that eosinophilia in the peripheral blood or tissue participate in allergic inflammatory reactions and parasitic diseases. The function of eosinophils depend on the biological activity of the granule proteins. Four of these protein-MBP, ECP, EPO, and EDN have been known. There are some assumptions that the eosinophils might cause a tissue damage on examination of their specific protein. Therefore, the measurements of these granule proteins might clarify the pathogenesis of eosinophils related diseases. In this review, we introduce a convenient method for purification, quantitative measurement in serum, BAL and detection of localization in tissue by an immunofluorescence method for specific staining of eosinophil granule proteins.

Asthma↗
PubMed1992

[Characterization of a receptor for interleukin-5 on pulmonary eosinophils with eosinophilic pneumonia].

Interleukin-5 (IL-5) acts on eosinophil differentiation and activation, suggesting the existence of a membrane receptor for IL-5 on eosinophils. Here, we report that 125I-labeled recombinant human IL-5 bound to high affinity receptors on human eosinophils, especially pulmonary eosinophils in eosinophilic pneumonia obtained bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). No specific binding occurred on neutrophils, nor on the undifferentiated eosinophilic cell line. EoL-3, in the absence of stimulation. The specific binding of IL-5 was induced by incubation at 37 degrees C of human eosinophils and EoL-3 cells with GM-CSF and with the supernatants of BAL cells from patients with eosinophilic pneumonia. These results indicate the existence of a specific binding site for IL-5 on human eosinophils with variable affinity in eosinophil hypodense or normodense subpopulations, as previously reported for other membrane receptors. Furthermore, lung cells (BAL cells) in patients with eosinophilic pneumonia may be involved in the production certain eosinophilopoietic growth cytokines such as IL-3, GM-CSF and IL-5.

Binding Sites↗