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Biomedical subjects

J Chandy

Publications and source records attributed to J Chandy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Rat hippocampal mossy fibers contain cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity.

BACKGROUND: The possibility that mossy fiber endings in the rat hippocampal formation may contain cholecystokinin (CCK) was reexamined. METHODS: For this, CCK-immunoreactivity was examined by light and electron microscopy using the avidin-biotin complex method. RESULTS: At the light level, the topographical distribution of perikarya and processes with CCK-like immunoreactivity (CCK-LI) was similar to that previously described by others. Ultrastructural analysis of the dentate gyrus and CA3 region of the hippocampus revealed that some mossy fiber terminals contained CCK-LI most often affiliated with large, dense-core vesicles (DCV). Quantitative analysis revealed that 4-8% of the mossy terminal profiles examined (n = 350) contained CCK-labeled DCVs, which corresponded to 0.03-0.2 labeled DCVs per 100 microns2 of neuropil. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of CCK-LI within mossy fibers in the rat suggests that there is less species variability in peptide expression in this pathway than formerly believed.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Imaging of childhood torticollis due to atlanto-axial rotatory fixation.

Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation is a rare cause of childhood torticollis. It may occur spontaneously or may be associated with trauma, upper respiratory tract infection or congenital abnormality of the cervical spine. Presentation is usually with persistent torticollis and "cock robin" deformity of the neck. In this paper the radiological experience in three patients is presented. Investigations included plain radiographs, plain anteroposterior tomography, CT and MRI. Displacement of the lateral mass of the atlas and the eccentric position of the odontoid peg can be seen in the plain films. CT scan can exclude fractures and confirm atlanto-axial rotation. The superimposition of CT images is demonstrated as a way of diagnosing subluxation. MRI offers better soft tissue differentiation and allows assessment of the integrity of the transverse ligament. This has an important bearing on the prognosis and may influence surgical treatment. It is important to recognise the plain film features of this uncommon condition and confirm the diagnosis with CT or MRI. The treatment options are discussed with particular reference to long term outcome.

Atlanto-Axial Joint↗
PubMed1993

Case report: multiple neonatal fractures--dietary or deliberate?

A case of multiple fractures in a 3-month-old Asian girl with rickets is presented, in which difficulty in excluding child abuse was encountered. No firm conclusions were reached, and the child later died suddenly at 5 months of age. Post-mortem confirmed rickets histologically and the principal cause of death was recorded as sudden infant death syndrome. Three years later evidence of child abuse was found against a subsequent sibling in the same family. If the typical injuries associated with child abuse are present, these must be taken as strong points in favour of this diagnosis, even in the presence of metabolic bone disease.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1992

Aetiological studies on hospital inpatients with secretory diarrhoea in Calcutta.

Twenty-five cases of all age groups with secretory diarrhoea admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Calcutta were studied. Bacterial enteropathogens were detected by bacteriological examination of the faeces, in each and every case. The main pathogens detected were Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae. V cholerae was more commonly associated with severe illness except in the very young, while Esch coli was equally associated with moderate and severe illness. Multiple isolates were more commonly associated with severe illness and single isolates were more common in illness of moderate severity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The place of arthrography in the diagnosis and management of meniscal injuries--a 6-year review.

Four hundred and eighty-seven consecutive knee arthrograms, performed over a 6-year period, are reviewed. Their accuracy is compared with arthroscopy and, where appropriate, with arthrotomy. The increasing accuracy of arthrography has resulted in the acceptance of this method of imaging as a useful and accurate means of examining meniscal injuries in the knee. This has led to far fewer surgical procedures and an overall saving of resources.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Air aspiration after double-contrast knee arthrography: a worthwhile exercise?

A prospective study following double-contrast knee arthrography was undertaken to compare pain and discomfort experienced at the conclusion of the procedure and for 7 days afterwards. The patients were divided into two groups. Half had the air aspirated at the end of the examination and the other half did not. Twice as many patients in the aspirated group were totally asymptomatic (48% compared with 22%); however, by 7 days after the procedure the numbers of asymptomatic patients were similar in the two groups (64% and 63%, respectively). Thus our conclusion is that air aspiration after double-contrast knee arthrography does reduce short-term morbidity.

Air↗
PubMed1989

Outpatient lumbar radiculography: comparison of iopamidol and iohexol and a literature review.

A prospective study of 261 patients undergoing lumbar radiculography using 12 ml iopamidol (200 mgI/ml) was undertaken to determine whether the procedure could be performed safely on an outpatient basis. No statistically significant differences in the incidence and severity of side-effects were found between the 132 outpatients and 129 inpatient controls. Nine outpatients had to be kept in hospital at the end of a 4-h observation period and a further two outpatients were re-admitted to hospital because of severe side-effects. The current study was compared with a preceding study of identical design, already published, in which 200 patients underwent lumbar radiculography with 10 ml iohexol (240 mgI/ml). No statistically significant differences in the incidence and severity of side-effects between the two contrast media were evident up to 24 h after the examination. In the period between 24 h and 7 days, the incidence and severity of headache, nausea and dizziness were all significantly greater in the iopamidol group. Although outpatient radiculography can be performed safely with both contrast media, the higher incidence of delayed side-effects in the iopamidol patients prompts the authors to express a preference for iohexol for intrathecal use. The increased incidence of adverse reactions in female patients and the literature comparing iopamidol and iohexol for myelography are discussed.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1970

Late complications of hemispherectomy: report of a case relieved by surgery.

A case of Sturge-Weber disease treated with left hemispherectomy presented, 11 years later, with complications related to delayed intracranial haemorrhage. A loculation syndrome of the right lateral ventricle was detected and it was corrected by a ventriculoatrial shunt operation. The side of the hemispherectomy was evacuated of all the chronic products of haemorrhage, including the subdural membrane. The patient was relieved of her symptoms. It is considered that complications related to delayed haemorrhage after hemispherectomy are remediable.

Adolescent↗