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Biomedical subjects

J Caruso

Publications and source records attributed to J Caruso.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The absence of cryptic insulin receptors on resting lymphocytes.

Previous experiments have demonstrated that insulin receptors emerge upon stimulated lymphocytes while resting lymphocytes lack insulin receptors. The appearance of insulin receptors is totally dependent on RNA and protein synthesis. The results suggest that insulin receptors are synthesized de novo or that new protein is synthesized that is responsible for activation of the receptor. In this study, we investigated the possibility that cryptic membrane receptors are present before lymphocyte activation. As a precedent, hypertonic salt solutions or enzymatic digestion have been reported to uncover cryptic insulin receptors in liver and fat cell membranes. Similar treatment of lymphocytes failed to reveal cryptic, stereospecific receptor sites, although nonspecific insulin binding did increase.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Experimental infection of Sigmodon hispidus with third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus costaricensis.

Adult Sigmodon hispidus, were given 50 third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus costaricensis orally, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, and on abraded and unabraded skin. Larvae could not penetrate unbroken skin but established normal infections in the cecal vasculature by all other routes. Significantly more adults were recovered after oral and intraperitoneal inoculation than subcutaneously or through abraded skin. In a single animal given larvae subcutaneously, adult worms were recovered from the pulmonary arteries, an abnormal location for this species of metastrongylid nematode, which usually occurs in the ileocolic mesenteric arteries.

Angiostrongylus↗
PubMed1977

Ventilatory responses to threshold loaded respiration in man.

In postoperative patients one frequently observes respiratory difficulty in excess of what is indicated by physical alterations in respiratory mechanics. This would suggest that some patients lack normal compensatory mechanisms which respond to mechanical changes in the lung. It is entirely possible that inadequacy of compensatory mechanisms is present before surgery and predisposes patients to respiratory distress. In the clinical environment elaborate testing is precluded by the physical status of the patients. Thus, a noninvasive procedure has been designed to apply stress to the respiratory system in order to study the effect of stress at increasing levels of CO2. In this test a subject's respiration is measured as he rebreathes a mixture of 7% CO2 and 93% O2 from a closed system. On successive trials, fixed pressure inspiratory threshold loads are applied in sequence. With this type of load the increased work required to inspire a given volume depends only on the increased inspiratory pressure. In most normal subjects CO2 response was incrementally depressed when threshold loads were introduced. Patients with brain stem lesions showed a greater depression at higher loads. This may indicate a reduced ability to tolerate increased loads to breathing.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Third generation dentin bonding agents: a microleakage study.

This article examines and compares the extent of microleakage after 24 hours in freshly extracted teeth using three newer or "third generation" dentin bonding agents. Gluma/Pekalux and Scotchbond 2/Silux were more effective in preventing microleakage in cementum/dentin margins than was Universal Bond/Prisma Micro-fine.

Adhesives↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraosseous hypertonic saline solution for resuscitation of uncontrolled, exsanguinating liver injury in young Swine.

Fluid resuscitation administered before hemorrhage control for trauma victims sustaining blunt abdominal injury is controversial. Prehospital fluid resuscitation is limited by difficulty in delivering large volumes of fluid in the field and time delays associated with gaining vascular access. Venous access is often a clinical dilemma in severely hypovolemic children. Intraosseous infusion is considered a useful technique for the administration of fluids in emergency situations when peripheral intravascular access is not possible. This study investigated the effectiveness of intraosseous versus intravenous infusion of hypertonic saline solution in an uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock swine model. We also tested the effect of the different sites of infusion on the intra-abdominal bleeding. Relevant hemodynamic parameters were monitored and blood samples were collected. After liver injury, 20 anesthetized immature pigs were randomized to three groups: intraosseous access, intravenous access and control. After 20 min of uncontrolled hemorrhage, the hypertonic saline solution begins in the intraosseous access and intravenous access groups of animals. Thirty minutes later, the animals were killed and intra-abdominal blood loss was measured. All the pigs presented lower pressures and lower cardiac output after 20 min of hemorrhagic shock. The intravenous and intraosseous access groups did not show a better hemodynamic performance after 10 min of fluid resuscitation. At the end of the experiment, all animals were hemodynamically similar without an improved answer to a fluid resuscitation. There were no significant differences between groups regarding intra-abdominal blood loss. It was concluded that the hypertonic saline solution in this experimental model did not promote hemodynamic improvement and there were no differences between the two sites of fluid resuscitation regarding intra-abdominal blood loss.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Continuous monitoring of conventional parameters to assess receiving water quality in support of combined sewer overflow abatement plans.

As part of its long-term control plan for combined sewer overflow (CSO) abatement, the city of Buffalo, New York, maintained a network of Hydrolab Datasondes (Hydrolab-Hach Company, Loveland, Colorado) to assess receiving water-quality effects by continuously logging dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, conductivity, and turbidity. Although the effect of individual CSOs could be visualized, turbidity levels entering the Buffalo River from the upper watershed often were greater than from CSO discharges. Turbidity data showed that the Buffalo River was a net-sediment sink. Low dissolved oxygen levels were observed in the summer during dry weather, baseflow, and watershed-wide storms and CSO events. Some CSOs did not produce dissolved oxygen sags in the receiving waters, but others did. This information, together with the sampling done for organic and inorganic contaminants, can aid the decisionmaking process when prioritizing outfalls for abatement work and provides a baseline against which receiving water-quality improvements can be measured.

Drainage, Sanitary↗