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Biomedical subjects

J Carter

Publications and source records attributed to J Carter.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Genital and intestinal carriage of group B streptococci during pregnancy.

To evaluate the relative importance of genital and gastrointestinal carriage of group B streptococci, repeated semiquantitative and qualitative cultures were obtained from 64 patients during pregnancy. Carriage was documented in 20% of the women at the first visit, in 41% of the women cumulatively, and at 24% of 295 visits. Group B streptococci were isolated from 20% of genital, 17% of rectal, and 17% of stool cultures. Concordance of carriage among these body sites was high (87%-93%) for cultures collected simultaneously. Counts of streptococci ranged between 10(2) and 10(7) colony-forming units per gram of dry stool (geometric mean, 2.3 x 10(5)) and varied widely among repeated samples from chronic carriers. The group B streptococci tended to appear, persist, and disappear simultaneously in genital, rectal, and stool cultures of individuals, although some women appeared to harbor the organism in the birth canal or lower bowel alone.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1981

Lymphokine production by human milk lymphocytes.

To assess the functional capability of human milk lymphocytes, we studied phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphokine production by breast milk and, for comparison, peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures. Two lymphokines, lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor (LDCF) and immune interferon, were assayed in supernatants of milk and blood lymphocyte cultures obtained from women 2 to 6 days postpartum. Eleven parallel milk and blood samples were studied for LDCF production. In nine experiments, both milk and blood lymphocytes produced LDCF. In the two other experiments, milk cells did not produce LDCF. In 10 milk cultures studied, all produced interferon activity. Acid and heat lability characteristics were typical of immune interferon. These results further characterize milk lymphocytes as immunologically competent and possibly important effector cells in neonatal immunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Oral complaints related to climacteric symptoms in oöphorectomized women.

Numerous oral complaints have been attributed to the female climacteric including altered taste, a burning sensation and xerostomia. However, the data relating these symptoms to the climacteric require elucidation as there have been no adequately controlled studies. In the present investigation, a group of 145 oöphorectomized women were followed for one year. Approximately half were treated with oestrogen replacement and the remainder with a placebo. The results indicate that the hormone had no direct effect upon the oral symptoms but that there was a general increase in somatic complaints which appeared to be related to the degree of neurosis experienced. This is turn can be attributed to vasomotor changes which are under the control of oestrogen.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Detection of antigens on mouse giant trophoblast cells after incubation with an inhibitor of glycoprotein synthesis.

The effect of 6-diazo-6-oxo-L-norleucine (DON), a glutamine analogue, on the development and expression of histocompatibility antigens on primary and secondary giant trophoblast cells has been examined in CBA and C57BL/10ScSn (ScSn) mice. Blastocyst development was normal in concentrations of less than 0.5 micrograms DON/ml, and although there was no change in the expression of antigenic determinants on CBA primary giant trophoblast cells, ScSn cells showed an increase. These strain-specific antigens which were not normally expressed on secondary giant trophoblast cells were detected on CBA and ScSn ectoplacental cone outgrowths after incubation with DON. The effect of DON could be reversed when tissue was incubated with DON + glutamine. Expression of Thy-1.2 antigen and Ig molecules on lymphocytes was unaffected by DON. It is suggested that the giant trophoblast cells of the ectoplacental cone produce a cell surface component which masks antigenic determinants and that there are differences in the amount of the masking agent produced by the primary giant trophoblast cells of the two strains of mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Actions of glycogen synthase and phosphorylase of rabbit-skeletal muscle on modified glycogens.

The high reactivities exhibited by rabbit-muscle synthase and phosphorylase for unmodified glycogen-acceptors decrease progressively, presumably because of a large increase in apparent Km as the glycogen molecule is converted into its component maltosaccharide chains by the debranching enzyme, isoamylase. Elongation of the outer chains of glycogen acceptor also results in decreased reactivities of the two transglucosylases and this is shown, for phosphorylase acting in the direction of glucan synthesis, to be caused by a decrease in the Vmax of the reaction. A partial restoration of the degradative reactivity of phosphorylase by a limited alpha-amylolysis of the long outer-chains of modified glycogen suggests a role of cytoplasmic alpha-amylase in mammalian glycogen metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The expression of surface antigens on three trophoblastic tissues in the mouse.

The expression of paternal and maternal antigens on three types of mouse trophoblast cultured in vitro has been examined with the mixed haemadsorption test. Primary trophoblastic giant cells outgrown from blastocysts and placental trophoblast from 16-day pregnancies expressed antigens of both sources at all stages in culture. Secondary trophoblastic giant cells outgrown from the tip of 8-day ectoplacental cones did not give a positive reaction until they had outgrown for 3-5 days. Microdensitometry after Feulgen staining showed that the cells which gave a positive mixed haemadsorption response were polyploid. Incubation of blastocysts and ectoplacental cone tissue with progesterone, oestradiol-17beta and hCG did not affect the results.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Relationship between apex cardiogram and left ventricular pressure events in Greyhound dogs.

Temporal relationships between the left apex cardiogram (ACG) and left ventricular and aortic pressure events were studied in 10 anesthetized Greyhound dogs. A close relationship existed between onset of the upstrokes of the ACG and left ventricular pressure. The nadir of the protosystolic upstroke of the ACG invariably occurred after the peak rate of change of left ventricular pressure increase (d/dt)LVP and the onset of aortic pressure increase, but occurred virtually simultaneously with the peak rate of change of aortic pressure increase (d/dt)A. The relationship between the protodiastolic nadir of the downstroke of left ventricular pressure and that of the ACG was close but variable. The ACG could be of value as a noninvasive examination technique in canine cardiovascular studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Research on research.

The AOA Committee on Basic and Applied Research sent a questionnaire to all Oregon optometrists requesting information on their attitudes toward 1) research areas to be emphasized in the schools, 2) funding sources for research, and 3) optimum ways of reporting research results. The majority of the O.D.s responding felt that new equipment and techniques, contact lenses, and vision training should be given first priority as research areas, and felt that 5% or more of their AOA dues should be devoted to research. The Journal of the AOA was reported to be the most helpful of all the optometric journals in presenting research information and the vast majority of O.D.s responding selected a complete article with an abstract as the most appropriate report style.

Attitude↗
PubMed1977

A method for indirect measurement of arterial blood pressure in the horse.

A method using the Doppler ultrasound principle for indirect determination of arterial blood pressure in the horse is described. The method is simple and suitable for field situations. Validation studies show that systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements bear a close relationship to true values obtained by direct measurement.

Animals↗