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Biomedical subjects

J Cardona

Publications and source records attributed to J Cardona.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Intraosseous vascular access, a technic previously underestimated in France].

Intraosseous vascular access is a simple and very efficient technique for fluid and drug administration in any pediatric emergencies where the intravenous route is impossible or inadequate. Yet it remains unrecognized in France. Its pharmacokinetics is close to that of peripheral intravenous route, but it allows much greater infusion flow rates. In pediatric resuscitation it must be considered as the number one technique of intravascular access in infants, and rapidly as the first alternative after failure of attempt of intravenous route in children under 6. Provided that the technique is performed with careful asepsis, the risk of infectious complications is very low. However the intraosseous route must remain a transitory vascular access, and has to be stopped as soon as possible, its use never exceeding 24 hours.

Bradycardia↗
PubMed1993

[Accidental bleach ingestion in children: results of a survey in 11 anti-poison centres. Proposals for management].

Accidental bleach ingestion is frequent in children but there is no agreement on its management. The results of a survey among 11 French poison centres about their recommendations in this intoxication are reported. Most of the centres adapt their guidelines according to the quantity and the concentration of the ingested bleach. In case of diluted bleach, no centre recommends an hospitalization when the quantity is smaller than 100 ml, whereas four of the 11 centres recommend it when the quantity is greater than 100 ml. In case of concentrate bleach ingestion nine of the 11 centres recommend an hospitalization whatever the amount, eight of them performing an emergency upper gastro intestinal (GI) endoscopy if clinical signs are present. In case of large ingestion of concentrate bleach ten centres recommend the hospitalization, eight perform an upper GI endoscopy between 6 and 8 hours post ingestion according to clinical signs, and two perform a systematic emergency upper GI endoscopy. Tablets and new bleach are considered as concentrate bleach. From these informations and a review of the literature, the authors emphasize the importance of the clinical signs as criteria for prediction of GI lesions regardless of the quantity or the concentration of ingested bleach.

Endoscopy, Digestive System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nosocomial infections due to rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric wards: a 2-year study].

Rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections represent up to 30% of the totality of nosocomial infections in paediatric wards. We studied the importance of these infections in the paediatric wards of the University Hospital Center of Poitiers, France, from October 1996 to September 1998. We defined as nosocomial an infection acquired after 3 days of hospitalization for rotavirus and after 7 days for RSV. The 274 cases of children presenting rotavirus gastroenteritis or RSV infection within this period were studied. Rotavirus was detected in stools by using an agglutination test and RSV was diagnosed in nasopharyngeal aspirations by direct examination with an immunofluorescence assay (IFA), cell culture and serotyping with IFA. We noted 50 rotavirus and 224 RSV infections, with a first epidemic of RSV subgroup B (49.5%) and a second epidemic of subgroup A (44.9%). 19 (38%) were rotavirus nosocomial infections and 5 (2.2%) were RSV nosocomial infections. The majority of the nosocomial infections occurred before the age of one year and particularly before the age of 6 months (42.2% for rotavirus, 60% for RSV). In comparison to community-acquired infections, children with rotavirus nosocomial infections were younger (9 months versus 12.5 months) which was the opposite for RSV nosocomial infections (10.8 months versus 6.5 months). The sex-ratio of children with community-acquired infections was 2.1 that was not reported in nosocomial infections. The length of stay in hospital was always longer in nosocomial infections (11.7 days versus 3.6 days for rotavirus; 38.8 days versus 4.8 days for RSV). Diarrhea (p = 0.007) and vomiting (p = 0.013) for enteric infections and wheezing (p = 0.02) for respiratory infections were more often observed in community-acquired infections. This study emphasizes the frequency and the consequences of rotavirus and RSV nosocomial infections in paediatric wards and the importance of the hygienic rules to prevent these infections.

Age Factors↗