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Biomedical subjects

J Cambier

Publications and source records attributed to J Cambier.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The major histocompatibility complex-restricted antigen receptor on T cells: distribution on thymus and peripheral T cells.

A monoclonal antibody, KJ16-133, which binds to antigen-specific, major histocompatibility complex-restricted (Ag/MHC) receptors on about 20% of BALB/c peripheral T cells has been used to examine the expression of these receptors on thymocytes and different subpopulations of peripheral T cells. Although KJ16-133-reactive receptors were found on mature thymocytes at similar frequencies and levels as on peripheral T cells, these molecules were absent from the first cells to enter the thymus, and in less mature thymocyte populations KJ16-133-reactive cells were less frequent than in the periphery and bore lower quantities of receptor. These results showed that Ag/MHC receptors are present on the surfaces of immature thymocytes, albeit at variable levels, during the time that the repertoire of these cells for Ag/MHC is thought to be selected. Additional experiments showed that KJ16-133 could not be used to distinguish T-cell receptors with different restriction specificities, i.e., for Class I or Class II products of the MHC.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

[Spontaneous epidural hematoma in panarteritis nodosa].

Four years after the first sign of panarteritis nodosa, a 60 years old woman presented severe pain in the lower thoracic spine followed by motor, sensory and sphincter paralysis. With corticosteroid therapy, condition improved 24 hours later, but myelography revealed an incomplete block from T9 to L1, by an epidural hemorrhage. In the course of panarteritis nodosa, one case of epidural hemorrhage, and a few cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage of the spinal canal have been described.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[Acquired cerebral toxoplasmosis: 3 anatomoclinical cases].

Clinical and pathological findings in three adults with toxoplasmosis of the central nervous system are reported. Symptoms and signs in the first patient, a Haitian woman who had lived in France for 2 years, were suggestive of a right hemispheric space-occupying process. The second case was a woman treated for Hodgkin's disease who showed symptoms and signs of a meningoencephalitis. The presenting lesion in case 3 mimicked a tumor of the posterior fossa. Analysis of these 3 cases and of those previously reported underlines: 1) diagnostic difficulties, particularly in immunodepressed patients; 2) the effectiveness of immunoperoxidase for pathological diagnosis; 3) the poor prognosis due to absence of a specific treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Cerebral infarction in the area of the anterior choroidal artery with oculomotor disorder].

A 84-year-old diabetic man had a complete right-sided hemiplegia with ipsilateral hypoesthesia and vertical diplopia, but no aphasia or hemianopia. The CT scan showed a low-density area in the posterior limb of the left internal capsule, in the territory of the anterior choroidal artery. The mechanism of diplopia is discussed and is attributed to the involvement of the mesencephalic territory of the anterior choroidal artery.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Right hemiasomatognosia and sensation of amputation caused by left subcortical lesion. Role of callosal disconnection].

A 72-year-old right-handed hypertensive man presented with a right brachial monoplegia, and hypesthesia of the right half of the body to touch and pricking, sparing the face. A CT scan 2 weeks later showed a spontaneous hyperdense area corresponding to a left subcortical parietal hematoma. The patient used his spontaneous language to express body image disturbances: intense prolonged feeling of amputation related to the upper limb and foot on the right side, hemiasomatognosia without anosognosia, autotopagnosia. Also associated were a right-sided visual negligence and a more general inability to handle spatial data leading to a temporospatial disorientation. Mild language disorders were suggestive of subcortical aphasia: normal incitation and repetition; with semantic paraphasias, poor verbal fluency. Furthermore comprehension of orders or propositions concerning spatial data were poor. Finally, there were signs suggestive of callosal disconnection: paradoxical extinction of the left ear during dichotic listening, agraphia and anomia of the left hand, ideomotor apraxia of the left upper limb, difficulty in visual transfer. The lesion interrupted thalamic tracts to parietal regions and callosal fibers linking parieto-occipital association areas. This twofold lesion was analyzed for each of the neuropsychological disturbances observed. Certain aspect of cerebral function in this patient were reminiscent of "split-brain" disorders. The left hemisphere which "speaks" fails to understand the feelings of the right hemisphere: unfamiliarity of places, sensations of illness, resulting in an unadapted speech. The pathophysiology of feeling of amputation is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Anterior choroidal artery syndrome. Clinical and computed tomography study of 4 cases].

The author choroidal artery syndrome is a rare disorder associating, in its complete form, a hemiplegia, a hemianesthesia, and a homonymous lateral hemianopia. Four cases are reported in which the diagnosis was confirmed by a CT scan, which demonstrated a low density area in the posterior part of the posterior limb of the internal capsule, sparing the thalamus medially, and extending laterally to the apex of the pallidum thus corresponding to the area supplied by the anterior choroidal artery. The incomplete forms of this syndrome and clinicopathological correlations are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Anterior choroidal artery syndrome. Neuropsychological study of 4 cases].

A neuropsychological study was carried out in 4 cases of infarction in the territory of the anterior choroïdal artery. In 3 cases the lesions were on the right side. A syndrome of the minor hemisphere was present with severe visual neglect, constructional apraxia, alexia due to disorders of visuo-spatial strategy, anosognosia and motor impersistence. In the case with a left-sided lesion there was no neglect but a mild aphasia with impaired fluency, semantic paraphasias, perseveration and a decreased psycho-linguistic ability. The mechanisms of neglect in right-sided lesions are considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Periodic laryngeal dyspnea in bi-opercular syndrome].

Periodic bouts of laryngeal dyspnea in a 77-year-old man were observed early in the course of a syndrome due to bilateral opercular infarcts. Laryngoscopy showed alternate slow opening and closure of the glottis superimposed on respiratory vocal cord movements. The disorder could result from bilateral removal of cortical control of bulbar centers, its periodicity suggesting analogies with Cheyne-Stokes' dyspnea.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Contribution of the right hemisphere to language in aphasic patients. Disappearance of this language after a right-sided lesion].

Assessments vary as to the contribution of the right hemisphere to language in aphasic patients. Results of a clinicopathologic study in two right-handed subjects with aphasia are reported. The lesions involved the territories of the left middle and anterior cerebral arteries. Oral productions in one case, studied during the three weeks of survival, were limited to automatic series, recitation of a fable, and completion of sentences. Follow-up in the other case was possible during 2 years of language rehabilitation. At the end of this period, repetition of an echolalic type was possible; a propositional expression had appeared, reduced to substantives and verb infinitives; denomination was possible but rich in semantic paraphasias. A second infarction in the right sylvian region caused the recovered language to disappear and to be replaced by an abolition of all communication. Proof was thus obtained that the progress accomplished was dependent on the right hemisphere. These findings are discussed in the light of observations of patients following left hemispherectomy and of the capacity of the right hemisphere to generate language as demonstrated in patients after commissurotomy. A dynamic interpretation of the taking over of expression by the right hemisphere during some aphasias is proposed.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1982

[Stress-induced analgesia (author's transl)].

The effects of a repetitive stress (expectation of severe pain) on the threshold of a nociceptive flexion reflex of the lower limb (Rlll, Bi) were investigated in normal subjects. A progressive and significant rise of the Rlll, Bi Threshold was observed as the stress was repeated several times over a 60 to 90 minutes' period. This effect was entirely reversed by naloxone, with fall of the threshold below initial values. In a double-blind test, the injection of a placebo had no significant effect on the reflex threshold when compared with control values. These results are in agreement with those reported in animals. They provide experimental evidence for an involvement of endogenous opiate systems in the mechanism of stress in normal subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Controlled trial of isaxonine in traumatic or ischaemic (compression) neuropathies (author's transl)].

Fifty patients showing one or more impairments to large nerve trunks due to trauma or ischaemia received, after drawing lots, either isaxonine or a placebo. The evaluation criteria of the recovery were both clinical (testing of muscles, sensory disorders, vegetative disorders, tendon reflexes, tonicity, amyotrophy) and electrophysiological (electromyogram, conduction velocity, distal latency time, H reflex and H/M index). This study shows two major elements: the action of isaxonine shortens healing time (45-90 days instead of 120-150 days) and isaxonine allows neurological recovery to resume at neurologic level whereas the situation was dating back more than three months.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1982

[Dejerine-Roussy syndrome].

The description of the thalamic syndrome by J. Dejerine and G. Roussy in 1906 was a consecration of the clinicopathologic method, announcing the end of discussions relative to the role of the thalamus as a sensorial relay center, discussions opposing B. Luys to Türk and to Charcot and which animated the end of the 19th century. Since then, the thalamic syndrome has not ceased to arouse the attention of neurologists, who have developed four major themes: the specificity of the thalamic hemianesthesia; the mechanism of the central pain; the semiologic value and physiopathology of the abnormal movements; and finally the pupillary and vasomotor disorders. Exploration of each of these topics led to a definition of neurologic semiology and to the development of neurophysiology during the second half of the XXth century. By reviewing this the confrontation between different men and schools appears behind the opposition of ideas. The revision of the thalamic syndrome ceased when the discovery of the non-specific functions of the thalamus opened the way to new concepts. Dejerine-Roussy's syndrome expresses the semiology of the relay nuclei. For the last thirty years, experience has accumulated on the semiology of lesions affecting the nuclei of convergence. Neuropsychology of thalamic lesions has demonstrated the regulatory role performed by the thalamus within each hemisphere and in the relative activation of each hemisphere. But this is another story.

France↗
PubMed1982

[Left motor extinction due to an ischemic lesion of the anterior limb of the internal capsule (author's transl)].

An ischemic lesion limited to the anterior limb of the internal capsule provoked a left motor neglect in a 64-year-old man. There was reduction in spontaneous mobility of the left side of the body, reversible during verbal incitations and accompanied by motor extinction. There were no perceptive disorders, or visual, somatesthetic, or auditive neglect. The importance of the motor extinction phenomenon (described by Valenstein and Heilman in a case with a lesion of similar site) is emphasized: it demonstrates the role in motor neglect of a disequilibrium in intentional activation of the hemispheres. Pathological and clinical correlations are discussed in relation to cases reported in the literature and the results of animal studies. It is suggested that motor neglect may result from interruption of connections between the median thalamic nuclei, the striatum, and the frontal cortex. Relationships between motor neglect and perceptive (attentional) neglect syndromes are discussed.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMed1982

[Tonic deviation of gaze in Wallenberg's syndrome].

A case of tonic deviation of gaze in a case of Wallenberg's syndrome is presented. Apart from oculostatic signs there were oculokinetic disorders presenting as a dysmetria of saccades with hypometria contralateral to the lesion. The physiopathology of this disorder is discussed. This syndrome of ocular lateropulsion probably results from a lesion of the restiform body interrupting cerebello-vestibular connections, associated with a lesion of the inferior part of the vestibular nuclei.

Eye Movements↗