Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J C Rodger

Publications and source records attributed to J C Rodger.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Nuclear angiography in convalescent phase of myocardial infarction. Serial study of left ventricular performance.

Electrocardiograph-gated blood pool scans (anteroposterior and left anterior oblique projections) were recorded in 30 patients seven to 10 days after myocardial infarction. Left ventricular ejection fractions (mean 0.26 +/- 0.10) were lower on average than values previously obtained in 11 normal subjects (mean 0.52 +/- 0.06) and correlated broadly with the clinical assessment of left ventricular performance. Ejection fractions were lower in anterior (mean 0.21 +/- 0.09) than inferior (mean 0.32 +/- 0.08) infarcts. Abnormal wall motion was detected in 11 of 15 anterior infarcts and in six of 13 inferior infarcts: mean ejection fractions associated with global asynergy, segmental asynergy, and normal wall motion were 0.15, 0.26, and 0.36, respectively. Twenty-four patients were reinvestigated two months later. Though there was some change in the clinical status of eight patients, wall motion and ejection fraction were unchanged (mean difference -0.005 +/- 0.036). Twelve patients were reinvestigated six months after infarction. The ejection fraction for the group was significantly lower than the values obtained at 10 days and two months, and four individual changes were significant when compared with the first study. Changes in wall motion were observed in one patient. From this radionuclide study, we conclude that ejection fraction and wall motion do not improve after the early convalescent phase of myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Control of hypertension in out-patients. Experience of the Glasgow Blood Pressure Clinic.

Five hundred and sixty-two patients who had attended the Glasgow Blood Pressure Clinic regularly for 3 years between 1969 and 1978 were studied. The mean BPs for the group were 187/115 mmHg initially, 157/100 mmHg after 6 months, and 153/98 mmHg after 3 years. Twenty-eight per cent had 'normal' systolic pressure and 22% 'normal' diastolic pressure at 3 years. Thirty-seven per cent with mild, 83% with moderate, and 89% with severe systolic pressure elevation had moved into less severe categories by 3 years, as had 30% with mild, 60% with moderate and 84% with severe diastolic evaluation. Those patients with severe hypertension, who did not attain a less grade, had a statistically significant drop in pressure. Four per cent of all patients, however, had moved into a more severe severe grade of systolic pressure evaluation and 6% into a more more severe diastolic pressure grade at 3 years. These results suggest that the hospital Hypertension Clinic can play a useful part in the lowering of BP in out-patients. It is clear, however, that 'normal' BP levels are not achieved in a significant proportion of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Calcium metabolism in a fatal case of sodium fluoride poisoning.

A patient was admitted to a district general hospital within an hour of ingesting a fatal dose of sodium fluoride. The results of laboratory investigations, together with some in vitro findings, support the hypothesis that the hypocalcaemia of fluoride poisoning is the result of fluorapatite formation and not calcium fluoride precipitation, and that its persistence reflects the severity of the calcium deficit and not an inhibitoin of normal homeostatic mechanisms. It is suggested that the role of renal clearance of fluoride may be more important than had been realised hitherto.

Apatites↗
PubMed1980

Origin of glycerylphosphorylcholine, inositol, N-acetylaminosugar, and prostaglandins in human seminal plasma and their effects on sperm metabolism.

The origin of glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), N-acetylaminosugar, inositol, and prostaglandins in human seminal plasma was investigated by correlating the concentration of these components in split ejaculates with known marker constituents. Fructose and acid phosphatase were selected as markers of the secretory activity of the seminal vesicles and prostate gland, respectively, and spermatozoa indicated epididymal origin. The concentration of fructose was lowest in the first fraction of the semen and increased to a maximum in the final portion. Prostaglandins E and F and N-acetylaminosugar values closely followed this pattern, indicating that these components originate in the seminal vesicles. The concentration of spermatozoa was high in the first two fractions, decreasing to a minimum in the final fraction. The distribution of GPC was similar to that of the spermatozoa, indicating that the epididymis secretes this compound. Inositol levels were similar in all fractions, indicating that it is probably present in epididymal, vesicular, and prostatic fluid. Human spermatozoa were unable to utilize N-acetylglucosamine or inositol. High concentrations of some prostaglandins (100 micrograms/ml of PGF1 alpha, 15S 15 met. F2 alpha, PGA1, and PGA2) depressed the endogenous oxygen uptake of human spermatozoa.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1978

Differential transport of spermatozoa into the two sides of the genital tract of a monovular marsupial, the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii).

Ovulation in the tammar wallaby alternates between the ovaries. The genital duct of each side enters the median vaginal culs-de-sac separately. Post-partum oestrus occurred 0.4 days after birth and ovulation 1 day later. After a single copulation spermatozoa were found in both cervical canals at 0.5 h and extended to the oviduct on the non-parturient side only by 8 h. Very few spermatozoa were found in sections of the post-partum uterus or its associated oviduct at any time. Spermatozoa were recovered by flushing from both sides but the numbers were 2-20 times greater in the non-parturient than in the post-partum side: the greatest difference occurred in the cervical canals 2-5 h after copulation. In females which had undergone a previous infertile cycle, spermatozoa were abundant in both cervices and both uteri. It is concluded that the differential distribution of spermatozoa in post-partum animals was (1) due to failure of transport in the recently pregnant side of the tract, rather than attraction of spermatozoa to the ovulation side, and (2) established at the cervix which, on the ovulation side, provides a reservoir of spermatozoa for 24 h after copulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Down's syndrome: an atheroma-free model?

Postmortem examination of five institutionalised patients with Down's syndrome (DS) aged 40-66 years showed a complete absence of atheroma, while a similar number of mental defectives with DS were found to have mild or severe atheroma. Previous investigation of risk factors for atheroma in 70 patients with DS and 70 age-and sex-matched mental defectives living in the same institution showed significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the DS group, with the exception of systolic pressure in men under 40. Fasting serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were similar in the two groups, but triglyceride concentrations were significantly lower than in normal people without a history of vascular disease. These unexplained observations may be relevant in further studies of the pathogenesis of atheroma.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Thyroid function in adults with Down's syndrome.

The thyroid status of 82 institutionalized adults with Down's syndrome has been assessed. Compared to age and sex matched control subjects, these patients had significantly lower mean total serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations (T4; 69.1+/-22.2 nmol/1; (mean+/-SD) vs. 100.1+/-19.1, P less than 0.001; T13; 1.61+/-0.47 nmol/1 vs. 1.76+/-0.34, P less than 0.025), lower free thyroxine index (FTI), (FTI; 66.1+/-22.4 vs. 95.1+/-20.2, P less than 0.001), and higher basal serum thyrotrophin (TSH) concentrations (TSH; 7.6+/-10.7 mU/1 vs. 3.8+/-1.5, P less than 0.001). These changes were not related to age or sex. Abnormalities in one or more test of thyroid function were demonstrated in at least 38 (46%) of the 82 patients. Two main patterns of abnormality were defined: 1) subnormal T4, FTI and elevated basal TSH levels (primary hypothyroidism) in 13 (16%). All seven of the 13 patients in whom TRH tests were performed showed the expected exaggerated TSH response, and seven out of the 13 patients (54%) had positive thyroid antibodies, 2) Subnormal T4, subnormal or low normal FTI, and basal TSH levels within the normal range in 18 (22%). The mean basal TSH concentration was, however, significantly higher than in patients with normal T4 and FTI levels, suggesting a minor degree of thyroid failure. Only two of the 18 patients (11%) had positive thyroid antibodies. Of the 17 patients in the group tested, 13 showed a normal TSH response to TRH, three an exagerrated response (all females), and one had an impaired response. Other patterns of abnormal thyroid function were observed occasionally: one female patient had biochemical T3 toxicosis; another had the biochemical pattern of subclinical hypothyroidism, four patients with normal basal T4, FTI and TSH levels showed an exaggerated TSH response to TRH and one patient had an impaired response. These data indicate that htyroid dysfunction, in particular hypothyroidism, is common in adults with Down's syndrome, though specific tests are usually required to make the diagnosis. The general reduction in thyroid function in Down's syndrome may be due to impaired development of the thyroid gland. However, frank chemical hypothyroidism may occur only when thyroiditis is superimposed on preexisting diminished thyroid reserve.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Motion of mitral apparatus in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with obstruction.

Motion of the mitral apparatus in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with obstruction was investigated by conventional single dimensional and multidimensional echocardiography. In systole, anterosuperior displacement of the posterior papillary muscle, failure of mitral valve closure, and anterior motion of both mitral leaflets were shown. The anterior leaflet was seen to impinge on the posterior papillary muscle but not on the interventricular septum in systole. The abnormality of the single dimensional mitral echogram, previously ascribed to systolic anterior motion of the mitral anterior leaflet, was found to be a complex of echoes from the chordae tendineae, the papillary muscle, and, furthest from the septum, the mitral anterior leaflet. It is concluded that systolic anterior motion of the mitral anterior leaflet is of smaller amplitude than others have suggested, and that obstruction to left ventricular outflow in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is produced by systolic contact between the mitral anterior cusp and the posterior papillary muscle. The theory is put forward that displacement of the posterior papillary muscle above and in front of the mitral leaflets produces chordal slackening, and that it is displacement of the chordae tendineae by the blood flowing to the aortic root during left ventricular ejection, which is responsible for systolic anterior motion of the mitral leaflets.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Measurement of diastolic closure rate of normal mitral valve.

Published values for the diastolic closure rate of the normalmitral vary and reflect diffference in methods of recording and measurement. From strip chart records it was concluded that the form of the recorded mitral diastolic closure slope can vary, that reproducible measurements of the closure rate can be made from echograms in which diastolic closure approximates closely to a monophasic form, that the amplitude of these echograms is maximal, and that their closure movements remain essentially monophasic at chart speeds up to 100 mm/s. Measuring only complexes with essentially monophasic closure movements, the within and between-subjected variation of the normal mitral diastolic closure rate was investigated. The ranges obtained from multiple measurements in a single subject and from a group of 45 normal subjects were comparable but the distribution of the results differed. It was concluded that there was a real between-subject variation in the normal mitral diastolic closure rate and that the diastolic closure rate in a single subject should be determined by measurement of a series of complexes. The accuracy of measurement of the diastolic closure rate of the normal mitral valve has been improved by using strip chart records and by measuring only echograms in which diastolic closure approximates closely to a monophasic form.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Electroejaculation of Australian marsupials and analyses of the sugars in the seminal plasma from three macropod species.

Electroejaculation of a variety of Australian marsupials was attempted in this study. The animals used were conscious, sedated, anaesthetized or recently shot. Electroejaculation proved to be a satisfactory means of obtaining seminal plasma but not spermatozoa. The largest volumes of seminal plasma were collected from animals shortly after death. Anaesthetized animals also provided useful volumes of seminal plasma but only insignificant amounts were obtained from conscious and sedated animals. Quantitative analyses of N-acetylglucosamine, glucose and anthronereactive material were made of deproteinized, deionized, water extracts of seminal plasma from electroejaculates obtained from wallabies and kangaroos shortly after death. The major seminal sugar of the three macropod species was N-acetylglucosamine and glucose was also present in quite large concentrations. These observations show that the pattern of sugars in the prostate gland of marsupials is reflected in the semen.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1975

Free N-acetylaminosugar in the seminal plasma of eutherian mammals.

The seminal plasma of seven eutherian species, including man, was examined for the presence of free N-acetylaminosugar. Only man had appreciable levels of N-acetylaminosugar in the semen (37-1 mg/100 ml), but in all cases this free N-acetylaminosugar was probably the result of breakdown of polysaccharides by semen glycosidases. High levels of free N-acetylaminosugar thus appear to be peculiar to marsupials.

Acetylglucosamine↗