Biomedical subjects

J C Odita

Publications and source records attributed to J C Odita.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1982

Roentgenologic estimation of kidney size in adult Nigerians.

Kidney length, width, renal cortical thickness and area were measured on excretory urograms of 100 (50 male and 50 female) adult Nigerians who had no apparent clinical, pathological or radiological evidence of renal disease. There is no significant difference in renal size between males and females and the left kidney in each sex was significantly longer than the right, the left kidney being 12.4 cm and the right 12.0 cm in length. Although the renal length in Nigerians is shorter than those of Europeans, the renal surface area per body surface area is the same in both groups. There is a poor correlation between kidney length and the vertebral span L1 - L4(r = 0.4).

Adult↗

PubMed1981

Radiologic estimation of gestational age of Nigerian newborn infants using the lower limb ossification centres.

The presence and size of the epiphyseal centres in the lower limb were studied by post-natal radiological examination in 176 Nigerian newborn infants. The gestational age range was between 27 and 42 weeks. There was no difference between the sexes and between the two halves of the body. There was also no difference in size and pattern of appearance of epiphyseal centres between our infants and their Caucasian counterparts. There was a narrow limit within which the knee epiphyseal centres were visible--the distal femoral at 36 weeks and proximal tibial at 38 weeks. The calcaneus and talus centres were visible in all infants. The prediction interval for estimation of age from the mean size of femoral epiphysis in this material was +/- 32.4 days and +/- 38 days for the tibial epiphysis.

Black People↗

PubMed1981

Childhood intussusception in Benin City, Nigeria.

The clinical and radiological features of 24 cases of childhood intussusception presenting at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital are analysed. Nineteen (79%) children presented before the age of one year and the main symptoms were vomiting 87%, passage of bloody stool 62%, abdominal pain 50% and palpable abdominal mass 33%. The commonest aetiologic agent was ascariasis which was seen in three children. Radiological examination was found most useful in selecting patients for barium hydrostactic reduction, and a case is made for the use of the latter procedure in the treatment of childhood intussusception in developing countries. The high case fatality rate of 25% is related to the late presentation of children to hospital.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

Assessment of gestational age of Nigerian newborns using teeth calcification.

The relationship between fetal teeth calcification and gestational age was evaluated in 54 Nigerian newborn chest radiographs. The first deciduous molar was found to calcify at the 33rd week of gestation and the second molar at the 36th week. The pattern of calcification of fetal teeth is no significant difference in teeth calcification between the sexes.

Black People↗

PubMed1979

Clinical and radiological features of neonatal septic arthritis.

Fourteen neonates (first 28 days of life) with septic arthritis were admitted into the neonatal unit of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital over a three year period. The incidence was 6.1 per 1000 admissions. Eight were fullterm, three preterm and two low-birthweight babies. Severe constitutional symptoms consisting of fever (temp. 39 degrees C), abdominal distension and jaundice were uniformly present. The aetiologic agents included Staphylococcus aureus (6), Proteus mirabilis (2), and beta haemolytic streptococcus (1), no pathogen was isolated in five patients. There was a possible causal relationship between repeated traumatic femoral venepuncture of the hip in three infants. The early radiologic changes were deep soft tissue swelling, obliteration of fascial plances and widened joint space. Residual damage of the hip joint was noted in one neonate; four died. It is suggested that toxic-looking new-born infants, suspected of septicaemia by examined radiologically for possible arthritis.

Arthritis, Infectious↗

PubMed1979

The clinical and radiological evaluation of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis in Benin City, Nigeria.

Twenty four cases of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis seen at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital over a two year period are analysed. The clinical features of this entity were characterised by abdominal distension, apnoeic attacks, refusal to feed, bloody diarrhoea and fever. Seventeen infants (71%) were preterm. The important radiologic findings on plain abdominal films were pneumatosis intestinalis, pneumoperitoneum, abdominal distension and gas in the portal venous system. Twenty two of the 24 infants were treated conservatively. There was an overall mortality of 75%. The main pathologic findings were coagulation necrosis, mucosal ulceration and pneumatosis intestinalis. The roles of asphyxia, umbilical venous catherisation and septicaemia are stressed.

Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The risks of umbilical vessel catheterization in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Five hundred and fourteen high-risk neonates who had indwelling umbilical catheters at the neonatal intensive care unit of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital were studied. of these 514 neonates, 122 (23.8%) had their catheters in-situ for longer than 24 h. Of the 122, fifty-four (44%) had positive bacterial cultures from their catheter tips. Seven (5.7%) and four (3.2%) of the 122 neonates studied developed septicaemia and necrotizing enterocolitis respectively. Catheterization for periods in excess of 48 h significantly increased the risk of bacterial colonization. Malposition of umbilical catheter tips include: insertion into the right portal vein (thirty-six cases); superior mesenteric vein (three cases) and the left atrium (four cases). The complications related specifically to the malposition were: air collection in the hepatic venous system (two cases); cardiac arrest (one case); necrotising enterocolitis (one case) and a case of blanching of the abdominal wall. Because of these complications, the indications for catheterization should be restricted to carefully selected patients and strict aseptic technique be adhered to during the procedure.

Catheterization↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Roentgenological measurement of skull size in Nigerian children.

The maximal internal length L, height H, and width W, were measured on normal A.P. and lateral skull radiographs on 352 Nigerian children whose age range was from birth to 12 years. The distance between the necks of the mandibles M, was also measured. Based on the above measurements the Cronqvist cranial indices (Formula: see text) and a simple summation index, L + W + H were determined. Normal mean values and standard deviation for Nigerian children were then calculated. The mean Cronqvist index (Formula: see text) was found to be 57.3, at birth, 53.3 at 5 years and 50.3 at 10 years. The simple summation index was 340 mm at birth and 495 mm at 10 years. There is a striking similarity in head size and growth pattern to those of North American children. There was little to choose between the various indices in the first year of life. The simple summation index seemed most sensitive after 2 years.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neonatal ascites in Benin, Nigeria.

Seven cases of neonatal ascites are presented. The commonest cause is obstructive uropathy from posterior urethral valves which was present in four patients. Two infants had septicaemia and meconium peritonitis was found in the seventh case. Radiological evaluation often revealed the anatomic lesion. The mortality rate was 100%.

Ascites↗