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Biomedical subjects

J C Morris

Publications and source records attributed to J C Morris.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia in patients at risk for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Three patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia are reported. All patients presented with progressive dyspnea, nonproductive cough, fever, anorexia, weight loss, and arterial hypoxemia. Chest roentgenograms exhibited bilateral diffuse reticular-nodular densities. The diagnosis of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia was made by fiberoptic bronchoscopy or open lung biopsy. Two patients were treated with corticosteroids, with significant improvement. The third patient died of pneumonia due to Pneumocystis carinii six months after the diagnosis of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia was established. Serum antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were demonstrable in the two patients in whom the test was performed. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia is probably another pulmonary manifestation of AIDS or AIDS-related complex. Although the clinical presentation may be identical to the more common opportunistic infections, the treatment differs, and the prognosis may be better.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Alcohol withdrawal seizures.

Seizures that occur in relation to alcohol withdrawal, following a period of prolonged intoxication in serious alcoholics, constitute a special syndrome with important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Inpatient management is desirable to eliminate other causes of seizures that occur for the first time in adult life and because such patients are at substantial risk for additional seizures and the development of delirium tremens. Drug therapy with benodiazepines may be effective during the withdrawal period but long-term anticonvulsant treatment is of no value.

Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium↗
PubMed1985

Aphasia, family history, and the longitudinal course of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Aphasia, was present in a majority of subjects in a longitudinal study of 43 subjects with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Aphasic subjects had a more rapidly progressive course but a lower prevalence of familial cases than the study group, other study groups, or the nonaphasic subjects. Conversely, the lack of aphasia was associated with a higher prevalence of familial cases and a slower rate of progression. It is concluded that senile dementia of the Alzheimer type is a heterogeneous disorder in which the presence of aphasia early in the course signifies a nonfamilial, rapidly progressive variety of illness.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Detection of beta-carbanion formation during kynurenine hydrolysis catalyzed by Pseudomonas marginalis kynureninase.

2-Amino-4-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyric acid has been shown to be formed during the Pseudomonas marginalis kynureninase-catalyzed hydrolysis of kynurenine in the presence of benzaldehyde and pyridoxal phosphate. The formation of 2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyric acid is the first demonstration, to our knowledge, of the controlled trapping of an amino acid beta-carbanion generated either chemically or enzymatically, and is perhaps the best empirical evidence to date that enzyme mechanisms can proceed through a beta-carbanionic intermediate. The lifetime of the beta-carbanionic alanyl intermediate generated by kynureninase is of sufficient duration to allow reaction with benzaldehyde. Other aromatic, but no aliphatic, aldehydes will undergo electrophilic addition with kynureninase-generated beta-carbanionic alanyl intermediates to form the corresponding amino acid.

Benzaldehydes↗
PubMed1984

Hereditary dysphasic dementia and the Pick-Alzheimer spectrum.

Hereditary dysphasic dementia is described in terms of its clinicopathological, ultrastructural, and transmissibility characteristics. Its mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant, and its clinical manifestations of progressive dementia and severe dysphasic disturbances are expressed in late adulthood. Complete neuropathological examination of four patients reveals findings typical for Pick's disease (asymmetrical focal cerebral atrophy), Alzheimer's disease (profuse neuritic plaques), and paralysis agitans (neuronal depigmentation, depletion, and Lewy body formation in substantia nigra) in addition to a striking but nonspecific spongiform degeneration of superficial cortical layers. This unique combination of gross morphological and histopathological features qualifies hereditary dysphasic dementia as a distinct entity, but its precise relationship to the well-recognized adult cortical dementias has been difficult to establish by conventional classification methods. This disorder and other unusual dementing illnesses may be best considered as part of a Pick-Alzheimer spectrum of cortical neuronal degenerations.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Promoting interactions with basic scientists and clinicians: the NIA Alzheimer's Disease Data Coordinating Center.

To benefit Alzheimer's disease research, a central data co-ordinating centre (CDCC) is planned that will systematically collect data from 27 Alzheimer's disease centres (ADCs) located nationwide. This CDCC will combine, analyse and disseminate epidemiologic, demographic, clinical and neuropathological data to researchers from the ADCs and the broader scientific community. New and larger scale collaborative studies on Alzheimer's disease will be possible through this centre. Since 1 July 1997, an interim data co-ordinating centre (IDCC) has been serving as the agent of the ADCs to begin the data sharing process until a permanent CDCC is established. The data collected by the IDCC are limited to administrative information and to indexing of specimens and clinical material, with future plans for the transfer of the data collected to the CDCC once it is established.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapy of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colon cancer with oncolytic adenoviruses.

BACKGROUND: The major emphasis on the safety of viral vectors for gene delivery has led to the generally accepted approach of disabling their ability to replicate and thus their potential capacity to spread throughout a tumor by consecutive rounds of infection and lysing neighboring cells. METHODS: In this study we evaluated three herpes simplex virus-1 thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) carrying replication-competent adenoviral vectors with and without the Ad5 E1B 55-kDa gene, wild-type adenovirus type 5 (Ad5wt), and a prototypical replication-deficient adenovirus expressing HSV-tk (Ad.TK) for their cytoreductive effects in a peritoneal carcinomatosis model from human HT-29 colon cancer cells in nude mice. RESULTS: The survival of nude mice treated with the replication-defective adenoviral vector Ad.TK was enhanced when followed by GCV. In contrast, administration of GCV diminished the anti-tumor efficacy of the replication-competent HSV-tk expressing vectors. However, the intrinsic oncolytic effect of all replication-competent viruses was superior to that of Ad.TK+GCV. Furthermore, the oncolysis of the E1B 55-kDa-positive viruses was significantly greater than that of the E1B 55-kDa-deleted vector. CONCLUSIONS: The more efficient diffusion of viral particles in the peritoneal cavity, when compared to the microenvironment of solid tumors and the virostatic effects of GCV, most likely antagonized the anticipated enhanced cytotoxicity of the replication-competent vectors from the use of its gene directed enzyme prodrug system. Nevertheless, in a clinical setting, the HSV-tk/GCV system allows efficient termination of viral replication in the case of a runaway infection. The results of this study warrant further evaluation of controllable viral replication as a treatment modality for cancer, especially in combination with conventional therapies (e.g. chemotherapy).

Adenoviridae↗