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Biomedical subjects

J C Morales

Publications and source records attributed to J C Morales.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Molecular systematics of the living rhinoceros.

Classification of the living species of rhinoceros has been somewhat controversial. Traditionally, the two-horned rhinoceros, which includes the African (Diceros and Ceratotherium) and the Asian (Dicerorhinus) forms, has been included in one group separate from the one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros). However, recently some authors have regarded the Asian species as a group separate from the African species, irrespective of the number of horns. Furthermore, others have split the living rhinoceros into three unrelated groups that include the African two-horned species in one group, the Asian two-horned rhinoceros in another group, and the Asian one-horned rhinoceros in a third group. We investigated the systematic relationships of the living rhinoceros using high-resolution restriction site mapping of the ribosomal genes of the mitochondrial DNA, and our results support the traditional subdivision of the living rhinoceros based on the number of horns. Few groups of mammals are more critically endangered than the rhinoceros, and the data obtained in this work should provide information relevant to their conservation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Partial endonuclease digestion mapping of restriction sites using PCR-amplified DNA.

Although direct DNA sequencing is now readily available, restriction enzyme analyses are still widely used in population genetics and molecular systematics studies. These analyses provide cheaper and faster ways to assay patterns of nucleotide differentiation across a large number of individuals. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to restriction enzyme analyses in which high-resolution restriction site maps are obtained from partial digestions of PCR products. This procedure increases the level of resolution at least an order of magnitude over the double-digestion method for restriction enzyme mapping, can target specific DNA regions with the use of specific primers, and, because it uses chemiluminescent detection of DNA, can be easily implemented in laboratories that lack the necessary setups to handle radioactive substances.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic diseases in childhood: an approximate measurement of their impact].

As an approach to measurement of the importance of chronic diseases in childhood, type and frequency of diagnoses in children admitted to the pediatric wards of a general metropolitan hospital at Santiago, Chile, were reviewed and recorded along hospitalization and at the time of discharge from March 1 through June 30, 1989 (n: 426). Newborns were excluded. Main problems of the study were lacks of uniform national criteria to define chronic illness and of modern technology to certify diagnoses. Ninety five hospital discharged children (23.3%) were considered to have a definitive, confirmed chronic disease (CCD), other 51 (12%) were cases of possibly chronic disease (PCD) while the remainder were thought to be carriers of acute illness. Among 146 patients taken as CCD or PCD cases, 126 (87.7%) were considered to have single organic system diseases as defined by areas of medical interest or specialty; other 3 cases (8.9%) had two affected systems and 5 children (3.4%) had three or more involved systems. More frequently affected systems (in number of cases) and their corresponding proportions of CCD were as follows: neurologic (31 cases and 58.1% CCD), oncohematologic (28 cases and 96.4% CCD) and gastrointestinal (26 cases and 26.9% CCD). More extensive studies, covering other medical care providing settings are desirable and necessary to measure the magnitude and features of chronic disease entities in chilean childhood.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Action of vasoactive drugs in male sexual impotence].

Intracavernous injection of papaverine and phentolamine (Regitine) was performed in 223 impotent men. These patients had been previously evaluated at another department. Patient failure to obtain spontaneous erection during sleep or on waking was a prerequisite for inclusion in the study. Following evaluation of the penile brachial pressure index (PBI), patients under 50 years received an intracavernous injection of 0.5 mg. Regitine and papaverine 30 mg; patients over 50 years received 1 mg. Regitine and 30 mg. papaverine. Patients were observed for a minimum of 30 minutes. Fifty-eight attained erection and the remaining patients achieved varying degrees of penile tumescence. Patients were advised to have sexual intercourse within two hours following injection. Fifty-eight patients attained erection immediately and 132 achieved erection following immediate sexual stimulation. Of these 132 patients, 72 (54.5%) had successful sexual intercourse, 60 (45.5%) failed to obtain erection sufficient for coitus. We are unaware of the result in the remaining 33 patients who had none or late sexual stimulation. Of the 58 patients who achieved erection, the PBI could be quantified in 53 (mean 0.84). Likewise, the PBI could be determined in the 141 patients who had failed to achieve erection immediately (mean 0.77). Priapism was the only serious complication observed. Seven (3.1%) patients who presented with this condition were treated with the intracavernous injection of dopamine.

Drug Combinations↗