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Biomedical subjects

J C Leonard

Publications and source records attributed to J C Leonard.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Dyskinetic cilia syndrome: clinical, radiographic and scintigraphic findings.

The clinical, electron microscopic and radiographic data of 9 patients with dyskinetic cilia syndrome (DCS) are presented. Scintigraphic evaluation of mucociliary dynamics in six patients showed evidence of dyskinesia. Ventilation and perfusion studies were performed to evaluate obstructive lung disease. Retrospectively, bronchiectasis could be detected in 77% of the patients by analysis of the chest radiograph and lung scintigraphy, and bronchography potentially avoided in the seven patients who underwent this procedure.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Chromosomal aberrations in irradiated Down's syndrome fibroblasts.

We have compared the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in skin fibroblasts from persons with Down's syndrome (trisomy 21) with those from normal diploid controls exposed to 60Co gamma-radiation in vitro. No difference between the chromosomal radiosensitivities of the two groups was observed, nor did the two groups differ in the background frequency of spontaneous aberrations. These data support the hypothesis that the increased in vitro chromosomal radiosensitivity of lymphocytes reported to be associated with trisomy 21 is not typical of all tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Gastric emptying in children with gastroesophageal reflux. I. An estimate of effective gastric emptying.

The association of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and gastric emptying has been observed, but its importance is poorly understood. We compared 18- to 24-hour esophageal pH recordings with gastric emptying of radionuclide in apple juice in 109 children (2 weeks to 16 years old) referred for an evaluation of GER. A pH score and the pattern of GER (type I, II, and III) were obtained by esophageal pH monitoring. Gastric emptying was measured at 30 minutes (%GE30) and at 60 minutes (%GE60). The measured gastric emptying of apple juice was similar for the normal child and for those with GER regardless of pattern type. An inverse linear correlation between postcibal reflex and measured gastric emptying was demonstrated only by the eight asymptomatic children with a normal pH score (%GE30, r = -.9603, P less than .001; and %GE60, r = -.8263, P less than .05). If the contribution of postcibal reflux on gastric emptying was eliminated, then the effective gastric emptying was increased in many children with the type I (44%, P less than .05), type II (46%, P less than .05), or type III (60%, P less than .05) pattern of GER as compared with children with a normal reflux pattern (7%). In conclusion, measured gastric emptying of clear liquids is not necessarily decreased in most children with GER. Furthermore, many children with GER demonstrate an increased effective gastric emptying even though measured gastric emptying may not appear increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Gastric emptying in children with gastroesophageal reflux. II. The relationship to retching symptoms following antireflux surgery.

Following antireflux surgery, children with persistent retching symptoms are presumably more likely to have delayed gastric emptying. We report 66 children between 2 weeks and 16 years of age who had an operation to control gastroesophageal reflux (GER). All patients had GER confirmed by 18- to 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. Preoperative gastric emptying studies were performed in each patient with 99m-Tc sulfur colloid in apple juice. In addition to the percent gastric emptying (%GE), an effective gastric emptying was estimated by correcting the %GE for postcibal reflux (corrected %GE). Repeat 18- to 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring was performed postoperatively in all patients, and a repeat gastric emptying study was performed in 32 patients. After an average postoperative follow up of 6 months (range of 1 to 18 months), persistent retching was present in 12 (18%) patients. The retching was associated with dumping symptoms in six patients. Retching was seen in patients with a preoperative increase in effective gastric emptying (10/34, 29%, P less than .05) or a decrease in effective gastric emptying (2/15, 13%, NS), and not in patients with an effective gastric emptying within the control range (0/17, 0%). Postoperatively, retching with dumping symptoms was associated with an increased effective gastric emptying, and retching without dumping symptoms with a decreased effective gastric emptying. In conclusion, persistent retching followed anti-reflux surgery in children is related to extremes in effective gastric emptying. The preoperative measurement of corrected %GE identifies children at increased risk for this postoperative problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Hepatic hemangioma. Diagnosis by emission computed tomography.

Hepatic hemangiomas in an asymptomatic patient usually require no treatment. Therefore, noninvasive diagnosis of this entity is critical to avoid an unnecessary diagnostic laparotomy and/or closed biopsy, the latter potentially leading to massive or fatal hemorrhage. Numerous authors have reported on the use of computed tomography, ultrasound, and planar nuclear imaging to establish this diagnosis (1,2,3). The findings in a case studied by all modalities, including SPECT imaging, are reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Arteriovenous fistula secondary to renal biopsy.

Renal imaging and biopsy are used in the management of patients with renal disease. The scintigraphic detection of an arteriovenous fistula, an infrequent but significant complication of renal biopsy, is the subject of this report.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1986

Esthesioneuroblastoma imaged with bone scintigraphy.

An esthesioneuroblastoma, a rare malignancy of the olfactory nerve, was identified with bone imaging in a four year old male who presented with a history of headaches and proptosis of the right eye. Correlation with CT is provided.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1986

Hepatoblastoma.

Hepatoblastoma is a rare hepatic tumor generally presenting during the first three years of life as an enlarging abdominal mass. Other symptoms are nonspecific; however, it may be associated with hemihypertrophy, virilization, and osteoporosis. The serum bilirubin infrequently is elevated, but up to 2/3's will have elevated serum alpha fetoprotein as a tumor marker. The overall survival rate is 35% in survivors who underwent a complete resection.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1985

Nuclear magnetic resonance: an overview of its spectroscopic and imaging applications in pediatric patients.

Magnetic resonance (MR) is a technique that permits the noninvasive evaluation of morphologic features and function based on the distribution of protons and other selected elements. We present a basic description of MR and illustrate both 31P-MR spectroscopy and proton imaging applications in pediatric patients. The applications of these techniques are diverse, and are presented concisely in an attempt to give pediatricians an overview of this new technology and its potential role in patient management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Potential permanent respiratory sequela of Stevens-Johnson syndrome in an adolescent.

Respiratory involvement is a frequent complication of the Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS); however, there are no reports of persisting pulmonary sequelae following recovery. We present a case report of an adolescent girl with a history of clinically inactive hyperactive airway disease who developed persistent, severe obstructive pulmonary disease following an episode of SJS. This case may represent a permanent respiratory sequela.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Lymphedema secondary to filariasis.

A 1-year-old immunodeficient boy developed brawny edema of the left foot. Lymphoscintigraphy revealed no evidence of left inguinal activity following pedal injection of Tc-99m-Sn phosphate. Over the next two months, the patient developed lymphedema on the right and repeat scintigraphy demonstrated no movement of isotope from the dorsum of either foot. Subsequent studies identified microfilaria in a nocturnal blood smear, which were thought to represent Brugia beaveri acquired by mosquito transmission in Oklahoma.

Brugia↗