Biomedical subjects

J C Kim

Publications and source records attributed to J C Kim.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

Amniotic membrane, tear film, corneal, and aqueous levels of ofloxacin in rabbit eyes after amniotic membrane transplantation.

PURPOSE: We evaluated ocular penetration and drug levels in tears after topical ofloxacin instillation in rabbit eyes with amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT). METHODS: Forty-eight New Zealand White rabbits were used. In the first set of experiments, 24 rabbits (24 eyes) were divided into four groups according to the epithelial removal or AMT. Topical ofloxacin was instilled four times every 15 minutes. One hour after the last eyedrop, the concentration of ofloxacin in the amniotic membrane, cornea, and aqueous humor was evaluated. In the second set of experiments, 24 rabbits were divided into six groups according to AMT (transplantation of lyophilized or fresh amniotic membrane) or duration of application. Ofloxacin ointment or two drops of ofloxacin were applied to the right eye, and then tear samples were collected after 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours for the analysis of ofloxacin concentration. RESULTS: Mean ofloxacin concentrations in the cornea and aqueous humor were statistically higher in deepithelialized cornea regardless of AMT (p < 0.05). The mean tear levels of ofloxacin in the AMT groups were statistically higher than those in non-AMT groups (p < 0.05). There was no statistical significance in the tear level of ofloxacin between lyophilized amniotic membrane groups and fresh amniotic membrane groups nor between 1-hour amniotic membrane-attached groups and 6-hour amniotic membrane-attached groups. CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane transplantation seems to interfere with the ocular penetration of topical ofloxacin in normal rabbit corneas but enhances ofloxacin penetration in corneas with epithelial defects. The ofloxacin level in tears was higher in eyes with AMT up to 1 hour after topical ofloxacin use. Therefore, it seems that amniotic membrane has some potential to act as an effective drug delivery system.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed2001

Amniotic membrane transplantation in infectious corneal ulcer.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of amniotic membrane transplantation in the management of treated infectious corneal ulcer in which inflammatory reactions were responsible for corneal damage. METHOD: A prospective study of 21 consecutive eyes (21 patients) was performed. Sufficient antibacterial, antifungal, or antiviral agents were applied to eradicate causative organisms before permanent or temporary amniotic membrane transplantation, or a combination of the two in few patients. The amniotic membrane was soaked in antiinfective agents before transplantation in all cases. RESULTS: After amniotic membrane transplantation, follow-up times ranged from 4 to 28 months (mean, 18 months). Clinical indications included Staphylococcus species (four cases), Pseudomonas species (five cases), Acanthamoeba species (three cases), fungus (two cases), and herpesvirus (seven cases). The corneal surface was healed successfully and recurrences of microbial infection were not noted in any case. Visual acuity was improved in cases that were nonscarring or after additional penetrating keratoplasty. CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane transplantation seems to be a useful adjunctive surgical procedure for the management of infectious corneal ulcer by promoting wound healing and reducing inflammation.

Acanthamoeba Keratitis↗

PubMed2001

Abdominopelvic actinomycosis involving the gastrointestinal tract: CT features.

PURPOSE: To assess the computed tomographic (CT) features of abdominopelvic actinomycosis involving the gastrointestinal tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT scans were analyzed in 18 patients with pathologically proved abdominopelvic actinomycosis involving the gastrointestinal tract. Eight patients had a history of using intrauterine contraceptive devices. Bowel site, wall thickness, length, bowel involvement patterns, inflammatory infiltration, and features of peritoneal or pelvic mass, if present, were evaluated at CT. RESULTS: Of the gastrointestinal tract, the sigmoid colon was most commonly involved (50%). All patients showed concentric (n = 15) or eccentric (n = 3) bowel wall thickening, with a mean thickness of 1.2 cm and a mean length of 8.3 cm. The thickened bowel enhanced homogeneously in nine patients and heterogeneously in the other nine. Inflammatory infiltration was mostly diffuse and severe. In 17 patients, a peritoneal or pelvic mass (mean maximum diameter, 3.2 cm) was seen adjacent to the involved bowel and appeared to be heterogeneously enhanced in most cases; infiltration into the abdominal wall was seen in four patients. CONCLUSION: Actinomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis when CT scans show bowel wall thickening and regional pelvic or peritoneal mass with extensive infiltration, especially in patients with abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis, or long-term use of intrauterine contraceptive devices.

Actinomycosis↗

PubMed2001

A role for the 72 kDa gelatinase (MMP-2) and its inhibitor (TIMP-2) in human parturition, premature rupture of membranes and intraamniotic infection.

OBJECTIVE: Degradation of the extracellular matrix in fetal membranes has been implicated in the process of parturition and rupture of membranes. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes capable of degrading extracellular matrix including collagen. Tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) inhibit the activity of MMPs by covalently binding to the enzymes. MMP-2 degrades Type IV collagen and TIMP-2 is its specific inhibitor. The objective of this study was to determine if human parturition, rupture of membranes (term and preterm) and microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) are associated with changes in the concentrations of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in amniotic fluid. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted with women in the following categories: 1) term with intact membranes, in labor and not in labor; 2) preterm labor and intact membranes who delivered at term, who delivered preterm and preterm labor with MIAC; 3) preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) with and without infection; 4) term and preterm PROM not in labor; and 5) midtrimester. MMP-2 and TIMP-2 concentrations in amniotic fluid were determined using sensitive and specific immunoassays. RESULTS: The concentration of TIMP-2 increased with advancing gestational age (r = 0.6, p < 0.001). No correlation was found between MMP-2 concentrations and gestational age. Human parturition and rupture of membranes (term and preterm) and in patients with intact membranes were not associated with changes in the amniotic fluid MMP-2 concentrations. In contrast, 1) patients with spontaneous labor (term and preterm) had significantly lower median concentrations of TIMP-2 compared to those not in labor (p < 0.05 for both); 2) MIAC in women with preterm labor and preterm PROM was associated with a significant decrease in amniotic fluid TIMP-2 concentrations (p < 0.04 for both comparisons); 3) Rupture of the membranes (term and preterm) was also associated with a significant decrease in the amniotic fluid TIMP-2 concentrations (p < 0.05 and p < 0.03, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Human parturition (preterm and term), rupture of fetal membranes (term and preterm) and intraamniotic infection are associated with a significant decrease in amniotic fluid TIMP-2 concentrations.

Amniotic Fluid↗

PubMed2001

Medical management of patients with refractory carcinoma in situ of the bladder.

Bladder cancer is a common genitourinary malignancy and carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder exists as a potentially aggressive variant of the superficial form of the disease. Treatment must reflect the unpredictable nature of this disease entity. In 1976, the use of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) was described for the management of early stage bladder cancer. A subsequent report demonstrated efficacy in a cohort of patients with CIS of the bladder. Since this time, intravesical BCG has been recognised as the initial therapy for CIS of the bladder. Although a 6-week treatment with intravesical BCG has been established as standard therapy in patients with CIS, there has been no consensus as to the subsequent treatment for patients in the setting of failure to initial management with BCG. In addition, a number of reports have demonstrated an increased potential of adverse effects after repeated treatment with intravesical BCG. A variety of alternative immunological and chemotherapeutic agents have been developed in response to the limitations of BCG for patients with refractory CIS of the bladder. At present, valrubicin remains the only agent that is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the specific indication of CIS of the bladder unresponsive to intravesical BCG. Although these agents appear promising, the most efficacious therapy remains to be determined. The specific treatment protocol for refractory CIS of the bladder remains elusive. It is ultimately the combined decision of the clinician and patient to determine which course of management is most beneficial.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed2001

The role of nitric oxide in ocular surface diseases.

The role of nitric oxide (NO) in ocular surface diseases remains unknown. We investigated the conditions leading to increase NO generation in tears and the main sources of ocular surface tissue. We evaluated the possibility of a dual action (cell survival or cell death) depending on the amount of NO. The concentration of nitrite plus nitrate, the stable end-product of NO, was measured in the tears of various ocular surface diseases. We also examined the main source of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) using immunohistochemical staining & Western blot analysis. When cultured human corneal fibroblasts were treated with NO producing donor with or without serum, the viability of cells was studied. We found that sources of NO in ocular surface tissue primarily included corneal epithelium, fibroblasts, endothelium and inflammatory cells. Three forms of NOS (eNOS, bNOS, & iNOS) were expressed in experimentally induced inflammation. Cell death by NO revealed TUNEL positive staining, however in the EM finding, this NO specific cell death was an atypical necrosis showing perinuclear large vacuolization and mitochondrial swelling. In the fibroblasts culture system, the NO donor (SNAP, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D, L-penicillamine) prevented the death of corneal fibroblasts caused by serum deprivation in a dose dependent manner up to 500 m SNAP, although a higher dose decreased cell viability. This study suggested that NO might act as a double-edged sword in ocular surface disease depending on the degree of inflammatory condition related with NO concentration.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Combination of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin in the treatment of fluoropyrimidine-pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

There has been no standard therapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have failed to first-line fluorouracil-based treatment. The present study was designed to assess the efficacy and toxicities of a combination of oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin in fluoropyrimidine-pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Chemotherapy consisted of oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 on day 1, followed by leucovorin 20 mg/m2 and 5-FU 1,200 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2. Treatment courses were repeated every two weeks. Thirty-nine patients were enrolled in this study. All patients previously received fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. Thirty-one patients were assessable for response and 33 for treatment toxicity. Six patients required dose reduction of 5-FU due to grade III/IV cytopenia. Nausea/vomiting and peripheral neuropathy were common non-hematologic toxicities. Overall response rate was 42.0% including 3 complete response and 10 partial response. The median response duration was 91 days (range, 28-224+). The median duration of progression-free survival was 132 days (range, 40-308). A combination of oxaliplatin, 5-FU, and leucovorin showed high response rate in fluoropyrimidine-pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, but the duration of response was relatively short. It may be worthwhile to explore its therapeutic potential in the first-line treatment setting.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

A case of disseminated Trichosporon beigelii infection in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome after chemotherapy.

Trichosporonosis is a potentially life-threatening infection with Trichosporon beigelii, the causative agent of white piedra. The systemic infection by this fungus has been most frequently described in immunocompromised hosts with neutropenia. Here, we report the first patient with disseminated infection by T. beigelii in Korea, acquired during a period of severe neutropenia after chemo-therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome. The patient recovered from the infection after an early-intensified treatment with amphotericin B and a rapid neutrophil recovery. The disseminated infection by T. beigelii is still rare, however, is an emerging fatal mycosis in immunocompromised patients with severe neutropenia.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Radiologic laryngeal parameters in acute supraglottitis in Korean adults.

Soft-tissue lateral neck radiography is important for diagnosing acute supraglottitis. This study aimed to determine the objective criteria for a diagnosis of acute supraglottitis from soft-tissue lateral neck radiographs in Korean adults. The parameters in 30 adult patients with acute supraglottitis were compared with those of age- and sex-matched normal 30 Korean adults. The mean of epiglottis width (EW) and aryepiglottic fold width (AEW) in the control group were 4.37 +/- 0.93 mm, 2.45 +/- 0.71 mm, respectively and in the patient group they were 15.87 +/- 3.60 mm, 6.4 +/- 2.55 mm, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of an EW greater than 7 mm were 100%, and 100% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of an AEW greater than 4.5 mm were 83%, and 100% respectively.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2001

The limits of bacillus Calmette-Guerin for carcinoma in situ of the bladder.

PURPOSE: Historically carcinoma in situ of the bladder has been treated with radical cystectomy based on the aggressive and potentially invasive nature of this disease. The introduction in the late 1970s of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has made this therapy the gold standard in the management of carcinoma in situ. Cases that are refractory or resistant to BCG therapy are a management dilemma with various available treatment options. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature review of the current management of carcinoma in situ of the bladder was performed using MEDLINE, a review of current urology journals and abstracts from recent urology meetings. Data focused on BCG resistant carcinoma in situ of the bladder and current approaches in use for refractory disease. RESULTS: Complete and durable response rates have been reported in more than 70% of patients with carcinoma in situ who are treated with intravesical BCG. To our knowledge the optimal therapeutic regimen has not been established, although extended periods of treatment beyond the originally described 6-week course have not been shown to improve complete response rates. Prolonged administration of BCG is associated with adverse side effects. Various prognostic indicators of recurrence and progression exist that may identify a subset of cases unlikely to respond favorably to a conservative approach, including carcinoma in situ with associated stage T1 bladder lesions, diffuse and multifocal carcinoma in situ, multiple recurrences with intravesical therapy and extravesical involvement. Current molecular markers may also predict the response of carcinoma in situ to therapy. Treatment options available for BCG refractory carcinoma in situ of the bladder include intravesical chemotherapy, combined immuno-chemotherapy and radical cystectomy. Intravesical valrubicin and oral bropirimine have been shown to induce a complete response rate of 21% to 50%, although data on long-term followup are forthcoming. Radical cystectomy remains effective therapy for aggressive carcinoma in situ of the bladder. CONCLUSIONS: The current management of carcinoma in situ of the bladder is ill defined due to the variable natural history and unpredictable response of this disease to therapy. Controversy exists as to the optimal treatment of carcinoma in situ of the bladder since different forms of carcinoma in situ may exist that complicate therapeutic decisions for appropriate therapy. Some tumor characteristics are associated with more aggressive behavior and may be predictive of treatment outcome.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed2001

Pleomorphic adenoma.

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common neoplasm of the salivary glands. Though a benign lesion, proper recognition and management of this process is needed to avoid increasing enlargement of the mass, facial nerve impairment, risk of malignant degeneration, and recurrence after surgical resection. The epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment options for this neoplasm are discussed.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗

PubMed2001

Oral gabapentin (neurontin) treatment of refractory genitourinary tract pain.

PURPOSE: Refractory genitourinary pain is a common but difficult condition to treat. Examples of chronic genitourinary pain include orchalgia, interstitial cystitis, pain after bladder suspension surgery, nonbacterial prostatitis, and genital pain related to lumbosacral neuropathy. We report our experience with oral gabapentin treatment for this condition. Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant with unclear but therapeutic effects on neurologic pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients referred with refractory genitourinary pain were treated with oral gabapentin. There were 9 men and 12 women. In the male patients, the location of pain was testicle (4), bladder (2), penis (1), or prostate (2). In female patients, the pain was located in the urethra (4), bladder (6), vulva (1), or vagina (1). The dose of gabapentin was titrated from 300 up to 2,100 mg/day. Subjective pain severity and 10-cm visual pain scale was used before and 6 months after therapy. RESULTS: The mean dose of gabapentin was 1,200 mg/day (range 300-2,100 mg). Ten of 21 patients reported subjective improvement of their pain. The remaining patients did not perceive any improvement. Gabapentin was well tolerated; only 4 patients dropped out due to side effects. The most common adverse effects were dizziness and drowsiness. Five of 8 patients with interstitial cystitis reported improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Although only 10 of 21 patients improved with gabapentin, this cohort included only patients with refractory genitourinary pain that failed a wide range of prior treatments. Gabapentin belongs in the armaterium of the urologist who treats genitourinary pain.

Acetates↗

PubMed2001

Angioedema of the head and neck.

Angioedema is an immunological disorder characterized by the acute onset of edema in a localized area of skin or mucosa. There are many different causes of angioedema, including hereditary, allergic, and idiopathic. Head and neck involvement is frequent and may cause potentially life-threatening airway compromise. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are thus critical. The pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of this disorder are discussed.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2001

Results of treatment with tamsulosin in men with acute urinary retention.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the outcome in men treated with temporary catheter drainage and tamsulosin after an episode of acute urinary retention (AUR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three consecutive men with AUR were treated with tamsulosin 0.4 mg daily for at least 4 days before a trial of voiding. Those men who were able to void adequately continued taking tamsulosin and were evaluated at 2-week and 3-month follow-up. After 3 months, additional follow-up was obtained at regular intervals as determined by the treating physician. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 6.5 months. Mean urine volume at the time of initial bladder drainage was 790 mL. Eighty-eight percent (29/33) of men were able to void initially. Transurethral prostatectomy or intermittent catheterization were necessary in 9 (27%) of 33 patients during the follow-up period. A poor quality-of-life score on the initial International Prostate Symptom Score (p = .038) and a high postvoid residual volume 2 weeks after catheter removal (p = .013) correlated with failure of medical therapy. Patients with AUR after nonurologic surgery had a significantly better outcome than those with AUR that did not occur postoperatively. Mean symptom score, quality-of-life score, and postvoid residual urine volume were 12.9, 2.7, and 111 mL, respectively, at 2-week follow-up and were 11.9, 2.8, and 61.7 mL, respectively, at 3-month follow-up. Mean peak urinary flow rate at 3 months was 7.7 mL/s. CONCLUSIONS: Tamsulosin appears to be helpful in the management of men with AUR. The majority of men were able to avoid surgery after temporary catheter drainage.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2001

Effect in a rat model of heparinized peritoneal dialysis catheters on bacterial colonization and the healing of the exit site.

We performed a prospective, double-blind, randomized study to evaluate whether stable surface heparinization of silicone peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters prevents bacterial colonization or biofilm formation and improves healing of the exit site. Heparinized catheters were implanted in 20 Sprague-Dawley rats (group H) and non heparinized catheters in another 20 (group C). The PD catheters, constructed of silicon tubing with two polyester cuffs, were patterned after the standard Tenckhoff catheter. A covalent multipoint method of attachment onto polymeric surfaces was used for stable, permanent chemical immobilization of heparin on the PD catheter. Dialysis exchanges (25-mL instillation volume) were performed twice daily for 4 weeks through the permanent catheter. Prophylactic antibiotics were not used. The exit sites were evaluated at 2-week intervals. The extent of biofilm coverage on the intraperitoneal portion of the catheter (obtained at the end of the experiment) was assessed, and sonicated fluid from the catheter tip was cultured for evaluating bacterial colonization of the catheter. Exit-site scores in group H were lower than in group C (p = 0.052) at the end of week 4. Bacterial colonization tended to be less common in group H [2 of 12 catheters (17%)] than in group C [8 of 15 catheters (53%); p = 0.058], but the extent of biofilm, the peritonitis rate, and the inflammation score of tissue adjacent to the cuff were not different between the groups. Those data suggest that heparinized PD catheters can be a practical approach to the prevention of bacterial colonization and can improve healing of the exit site.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

hMLH1 and hMSH2 mutations in families with familial clustering of gastric cancer and hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer.

The pattern of hMLHI and hMSH2 mutations was assessed to identify the genetic correlation between hereditary gastric and colorectal cancers. Four disease groups and their healthy family members were assembled according to the presentation of gastric cancer: FG, familial clustering of gastric cancer (n = 32); CG, family with one or more colorectal and gastric cancers in first-degree relatives (n = 22); HS, seven HNPCC families corresponding to the Amsterdam criteria (AMS+) and 12 suspected HNPCC families which did not satisfy one of the criteria (AMS-), but no gastric cancer among first- and second-degree relatives (n = 19); and SG, sporadic gastric cancer (n = 33). In the CG group, three were included in AMS + and six in AMS- criteria. Peripheral blood was obtained from them to detect hMLHI and hMLH2 mutations using PCR-SSCP analysis and direct sequencing. The incidence of mutations was 9.4% in the FG group, 54.5% in the CG group, 31.6% in the HS group, and none in the SG group. The incidence, type, and number of the mutation were not different between the CG and HS groups. Thirty-four different mutations included 19 in hMLH1 and 15 in hMSH2. Gastric cancer was the most common extracolonic malignancy in HNPCC and suspected HNPCC families (9/28, 32.1%). The hMLH1 or hMSH2 mutation occurred in seven of 10 families with AMS+, whereas it occurred in four of 18 with AMS- (70% vs. 22.2%, P = .013). Five mutations in the hMLH1 and six mutations in the hMSH2 were exclusively found in families with gastric cancer. All three mutations in the FG group were in hMLHI and there was no mutation in their healthy family members. This study demonstrates that some familial clustering type of gastric cancer appears to be associated with hMLHI mutations thereby indicating a difference from the hereditary gastric cancer studies previously reported. In addition, hMLHI and hMSH2 mutations may impact the gastric cancer carcinogenesis in HNPCC or suspected HNPCC.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗

PubMed2000

Cloning of hHRI, human heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase: down-regulated in epithelial ovarian cancers.

Protein synthesis is regulated in response to environmental stimuli by covalent modification, phosphorylating the components of the translational machinery. Phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is one of the best-characterized mechanisms for down-regulating protein synthesis in higher eukaryotes in response to various stress conditions. One of mammalian eIF-2alpha kinases is a heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI), which is activated by heme deficiency and plays an important role in translational control. In this work, we have analyzed the differentially expressed genes between epithelial ovarian cancer and normal ovary. We have screened a total of 1,408 genes isolated from a human dermal papilla cell cDNA library by cDNA array hybridization. Among many differentially expressed genes, eIF2alpha kinase, a heme regulated inhibitor was down-regulated in ovarian epithelium cancer. The down-regulation of hHRI was also confirmed in other ovarian cancer tissues by Northern blot hybridization. The hHRI gene is 2,887 bp in length and the amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA clone encodes a protein of 630 amino acids with molecular mass of 73 kDa. It contains all 12 catalytic domains of the protein kinases with consensus sequences of the protein-serine/threonine kinases. The expression pattern of hHRI mRNA showed approximately 3.0 kb bands which were expressed ubiquitously in all human tissues examined, which indicates that eIF-2alpha kinase could play an important role in the translational regulation of nonerythroid tissues.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2000

Applicability of carcinoembryonic antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies to radioimmunoguided surgery for human colorectal carcinoma.

Two carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), PR1A3 and T84.66, were tested to determine whether they could accurately localize colorectal carcinoma and therefore be applicable in radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS). Twenty-one tumors by three human colorectal carcinoma cell lines with various levels of CEA expression (KM-12c, C75, and Clone A) were successfully implanted in the intra-abdominal organs of 15 nude mice. The tumors was localized using a portable radioisotope detector (Neoprobe 1000) 48 h after injection of radiolabeled MAbs (10 mCi/mouse) when the precordial counts were <20 per 2 s. Histopathological identification of radiolabeled MAbs were also performed using immunohistochemistry and microautoradiography. Radioactivity counted on a portable radioisotope detector correlated well with that on a gamma counter. The distribution in the blood was significantly greater than in other organs (P < 0.001). Localization indices of the tumor in various organs was from 1.1 to 8.5 in the PR1A3-pretreated mice and 3.0 to 8.6 in the T84.66-pretreated mice. Silver grains and immune staining were distributed in the tumor cells of the PR1A3-pretreated mice, whereas they were in the necrotic debris as well as the tumor cells of the T84.66-pretreated mice. There were significantly more silver grains in the liver in the T84.66-pretreated mice than in the PR1A3-pretreated mice (P = 0.004). The sensitivity and specificity of tumor localization by RIGS were 71.4 and 91.4% in the PR1A3-pretreated mice, whereas they were 60 and 76% in the T84.66-pretreated mice. A study using specific anti-CEA MAbs suggested PR1A3 as an efficient immune probe for RIGS in colorectal carcinoma with a low rate of false-positive detection.

Animals↗