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J C Doherty

Publications and source records attributed to J C Doherty.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Vulnerable plaque.

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Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1999

Cardiopulmonary bypass increases coronary IL-8 in diabetic patients without evidence of reperfusion injury.

BACKGROUND: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been shown to be a potent agonist for monocyte production of the neutrophil chemotactic cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8). We have shown that diabetic patients demonstrate elevated coronary ET-1 after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We hypothesized that these same diabetic patients would manifest elevated coronary IL-8 and conjugated diene concentrations (an index of reperfusion injury). METHODS: Sixteen patients [9 nondiabetics and 7 type II diabetics] underwent nonemergent CABG. The two groups did not differ significantly in preoperative ejection fraction, number of vessels bypassed, or cross-clamp time. Coronary sinus samples were obtained prior to cardioplegic arrest (baseline) and at 1 and 15 min after reperfusion periods A and B (A, reperfusion of native coronaries + LIMA; B, reperfusion of saphenous vein grafts in addition to native coronary system + LIMA). Plasma samples were analyzed for IL-8 (ELISA) and conjugated dienes (spectrophotometry). RESULTS: Initially after reperfusion, IL-8 in both groups was significantly lower than precardioplegia values. In reperfusion B, only the diabetic group demonstrated a significant increase in IL-8 concentrations at 1 and 15 min compared to nondiabetics. Conjugated diene levels were significantly higher in diabetics at each time point than nondiabetics. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates an early decrease in IL-8 in both groups, most likely related to depressed production secondary to hypothermia. The subsequent elevation in IL-8 only in the diabetic group was seen without concomitant conjugated diene elevation. While no evidence of reperfusion injury was demonstrated in this time frame, the elevation of IL-8 in diabetics after CABG may contribute to later infiltration and associated oxidative damage.

Alkenes↗
PubMed1998

Plasma endothelin-1, cytokine, and prostaglandin E2 levels in sickle cell disease and acute vaso-occlusive sickle crisis.

The relative contributions of microvascular inflammation and vasomotor dysregulation to the development of acute vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease have been intensely studied. The present observational study was designed to examine the levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and vasoactive mediators during and after acute painful crisis. In symptomatic sickle cell patients, plasma levels of endothelin-1 and prostaglandin E2 were elevated during crises compared with healthy African-American controls. These levels had decreased, but not normalized, when patients were seen 1 to 3 weeks after discharge from hospital. Other mediators (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFalpha], interleukin-1beta [IL-1beta], IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) were neither elevated in asymptomatic sickle cell disease nor in acute vaso-occlusive crisis. As a potent long-acting mediator of vasoconstriction and inflammation, endothelin-1 may play a key role in the cycle of ischemia and inflammation that initiates and sustains pain of crisis. The downregulatory effects of prostaglandin E2 on immune cell function may contribute to the increased susceptibility to infection observed in patients with sickle cell disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

The effects of short term cold storage upon ATP and 2,3-BPG levels in the blood of euthermic and hibernating thirteen-lined ground squirrels Spermophilus tridecemlineatus.

1. Whole blood was collected from hibernating and euthermic ground squirrels. 2. Blood from hibernating animals had approximately 50% less ATP and 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) than did that from euthermic animals. 3. In euthermic blood subjected to in vitro cold storage, levels of ATP decreased to those observed in hibernators, but 2,3-BPG did not decline significantly. 4. During cold storage of hibernator blood, no significant changes occurred in levels of these organophosphates.

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗