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Biomedical subjects

J C Beck

Publications and source records attributed to J C Beck.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Social influences on the prognosis of schizophrenia.

Literature relating to social influences on prognosis of schizophrenia is selectively reviewed. The influence of the care system is considered separately from other social influences such as business cycle fluctuations, community organization and attitudes, social class membership, independent events in the patient's life, and expression of emotion by the patient's family members. Several studies of milieu indicate that milieu can influence course of illness for better, or for worse. One study of group psychotherapy suggests that groups help improve social function of schizophrenics in the community. Studies of individual psychotherapy fail to demonstrate its efficacy. Business cycle fluctuations clearly relate to admission rates of schizophrenics to hospitals; independent life events are associated with onset and relapse. Community attitudes and family emotional expression relate to relapse and rehospitalization. Clearly, social events, especially those occurring outside the care system, do influence the course of illness. There is also evidence for the influence of psychosocial treatment but at the present time is less consistent the evidence for the influence of other social events on the prognosis and course in schizophrenia.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1977

Synthesis of chloroplast membrane lipids and chlorophyll in synchronous cultures of Chlamydomonas reinhardi.

Chloroplast membrane lipid synthesis has been studied in synchronously growing cultures of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. The synthesis of sulfolipid and phospholipid were measured by incorporation of 35SO4(2-) and 32PO4(3-) during a 1-h pulse. Galactolipid synthesis was measured by H14CO3- incorporation into lipid fractions separated by thin layer chromatography. Lipid synthesis occurs principally during the light portion of the synchronous cycle. Phosphatidylglycerol is synthesized between 3-4 h in the light and sulfolipid is labeled between 7-9 h in the light. Galactolipid synthesis appears to reach maximal rates shortly after the lights go on and again at 7 h. Chlorophyll reaches maximal rates of synthesis after 7 h. These lipids are made and inserted into the chloroplast membrane prior to major increases in photosynthetic capacity. Our results also show that chloroplast membrane lipids are synthesized in a sequential or multistep process.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1976

The nature of pituitary large growth hormone as studied by immunoabsorption.

Porcine pituitaries were homogenized in neutral pH buffer and the supernatant layer after centrifugation was fractionated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The void volume peak contained 0.2-0.5% of the immunoreactive growth hormone (large GH), the remainder (small GH) eluted at Kd 0.6. The isolation of large GH was attempted with anti-GH coupled to Sepharose 2B: of the immunoreactive large GH 50-60% was absorbed to a large excess of anti-GH Sepharose during an 18 h incubation at 4 degrees C. Over 80% of the absorbed immunoreactivity could be eluted with neutral 6M-sodium thiocyanate at 4 degrees C. The eluate, when rechromatographed, contained small GH, RNA which had absorbed to anti-GH Sepharose remained in the void volume on rechromatography. RNA was also absorbed when Sepharose-coupled bovine serum gamma-globulin was substituted for anti-GH Sepharose or when rat liver was substituted for porcine pituitaries. No RNA was absorbed when large GH was converted into small GH with 6M-NaSCN and rechromatographed before immunoabsorption. However, significant absorption of prolactin was found. After a two-hour incubation of porcine pituitary slices with [3H]leucine, GH dissociated from large GH had a specific activity 10-100 times that of small GH but appeared similar to it by gel chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We conclude that pituitary large GH represents a different metabolic pool from pituitary small GH and may be newly synthesized small GH not yet incorporated into granules, thus being susceptible to non-specific binding to RNA during the extraction procedure.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The role of radiation therapy in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Seventy patients received primary surgical or radiotherapeutic treatment for osteosarcoma at the University of California-San Francisco between 1950 and 1974. Twenty-two received surgery alone and 27 received preoperative irradiation followed at varying intervals by surgery. Twenty-one patients received irradiation alone because of tumor location, refusal of recommended surgery, or development of metastatic disease. The results are analyzed and the role of radiation therapy in the primary management of osteosarcoma is discussed. The authors believe that irradiation without chemotherapy offers little in terms of palliation or enhanced survival in patients who are able to undergo radical surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Energetics of the Na+-dependent transport of D-glucose in renal brush border membrane vesicles.

The energetics of the Na+-dependent transport of D-glucose into osmotically active membrane vesicles, derived from the brush borders of the rabbit renal proximal tubule, was studied by determining how alterations in the electrochemical potential of the membrane induced by anions, ionophores, and a proton conductor affect the uptake of the sugar. The imposition of a large NaCl gradient (medium is greater than vesicle) resulted in the transient uptake of D-glucose into brush border membranes against its concentration gradient. In the presence of Na+ salts of isethionate or sulfate, both relatively impermeable anions, there was no accumulation of D-glucose above the equilibrium value. With Na+ salts of two highly permeable lipophilic anions, NO3- and SCN-, the transient overshoot was enhanced relative to that with Cl-. With Na+ salts whose mode of membrane translocation is electroneutral, i.e. acetate, bicarbonate, and phosphate, no overshoot was found. These findings suggest that only anions which penetrate the brush border membrane and generate an electrochemical potential, negative on the inside, permit the uphill Na+-dependent transport of D-glucose.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Medical Research Council of Canada therapeutic trial of human growth hormone: first 5 years of therapy.

The Medical Research Council of Canada has initiated human growth hormone (hGH) therapy in 151 patients with documented complete hGH deficiency that was idiopathic in 76% of cases, secondary to craniopharyngioma (organic) in 17% and of varied cause in 7%. Approximately 50% of the patients with idiopathic disease had isolated hGH deficiency; during therapy thyroid deficiency developed in five patients and cortisol deficiency in three. A similar increase in mean height velocity occurred in the first treatment phase for patients less than 12 years old (0.93 plus or minus 0.30 cm/mo) and those 12 years and older (0.86 plus or minus 0.29 cm/mo). Although subsequent courses of hGH therapy yielded significantly diminished response in both age groups, this diminution was not progressive: the height velocity of the younger patients returned to 0.82 plus or minus 0.26 cm/ml in the fifth therapy phase. The mean height velocity attained at the optimal dosage (0.20 to 0.29 units/kg three times per week) for each age group did not differ significantly. Despite therapy being carried out for only 6 months of the year, normal increment ratios for height age and bone age against chronologic age were observed in the patients with idiopathic disease. In only four patients did treatment failure occur, and three of these were more than 20 years old. The addition of fluoxymesterone (10 mg/d) to the hGH therapeutic regimen (15 units/wk), when diminished response to hGH alone became evident, promoted an enhanced growth response in 9 of 11 older patients. These data indicate that age of the patient and dosage of hGH, but not diagnostic category, were important influences on the response to therapy. Younger patients responded best and maintained a higher mean growth velocity than older patients during intermittent hGH therapy

Adolescent↗