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Biomedical subjects

J C Audigier

Publications and source records attributed to J C Audigier.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
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[Myocardial infarction and rectocolonic polyps].

The prevalence of polyps in the rectum and sigmoid colon was estimated in 103 patients with recent myocardial infarction and 200 controls. All patients were asymptomatic and older than 35 years. A flexible proctosigmoidoscopy was performed. One or more adenomatous polyps were found in 19.6 p. 100 of patients with myocardial infarction and in 16.2 p. 100 of controls (difference not statistically significant). In males, the odds ratio for adenomatous polyps was 0.92 (confidence limits, 0.43-1.93). Acceptability of the flexible rectosigmoidoscopy was excellent in controls and poor in patients with myocardial infarction (1.0 p. 100 and 26.4 p. 100 of patients respectively refused this procedure). Tolerance, bowel preparation and the length of the explored rectosigmoid were not different. There was no statistically significant difference in the site, number or size of polyps. This study shows a high prevalence of polyps in patients with myocardial infarction and control groups although not statistically different. Consequently, a screening procedure for polyps is not indicated in patients with myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Trends of mortality from cirrhosis in France between 1925 and 1982].

In 1982, 13,866 deaths secondary to cirrhosis were reported. Between 1925 and 1982, the number of deaths increased by 163 p. 100. This overall change was observed gradually: profound drop in the cirrhosis mortality rate during the Second World War, increase between 1945 and 1967, stabilization between 1967 and 1975 and more pronounced decline from then on. Cirrhosis mortality rate per 100,000 increased from 9.17 to 28.21 (+208 p. 100) in males and from 3.63 to 10.38 (+186 p. 100) in females from 1945 to 1982. The increase was approximately the same whatever the age. A cohort effect was observed in both sexes. There were two successive waves of increased mortality separated by an interval of non augmentation for the cohorts born between 1906 and 1915 and between 1931 and 1940. Since 1967, mortality due to cirrhosis has stopped increasing in both sexes. These changes may be related to decreasing alcohol consumption in France, certainly one of the major objectives in present day health programs. Abrupt reduction of alcohol consumption should be followed by a dramatic fall in the number of deaths from cirrhosis. Progressive decline of consumption is possibly associated with a decrease in the incidence of the disease. In 2,000, the rate for cirrhosis mortality is expected to be the same as that observed in the middle of the 20th century.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of cirrhoses. Prospective study of 128 patients].

This prospective study was carried out in order to assess the accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of cirrhosis. One hundred and twenty eight alcoholic patients were included. A careful ultrasonographic examination of the liver was performed before liver biopsy (100 patients). In 15 cases, liver histology was normal, steatosis and/or fibrosis, cirrhosis were diagnosed in 13 and 72 cases respectively. Ultrasonic patterns were classified by the same examiner, according to several criteria: volume, irregular outline, coarse and fine bright echo pattern, attenuation of the ultrasound beam, splenomegaly, ascite, portal hypertension. Cirrhosis was diagnosed in 58 out of 72 patients (80.5%). Specificity was 78.5%, positive and negative predictive values were 90.6% and 61% respectively, and global efficacy was 80%. Irregular outline (0.66), hepatomegaly (0.66) and attenuation of the ultrasound beam (0.64) were the best signs. In case of fine bright echo pattern, the diagnosis of cirrhosis would be missed. The results suggest that ultrasonography is a good test for screening alcoholics for cirrhosis. Therefore, it is useful when liver biopsy is contra indicated or refused or when liver is not detected at the clinical examination.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endoscopic excision of malignant colorectal polyps. Study of a series of 82 cases].

The management of malignant colonic polyps removed by endoscopic polypectomy is a controversial subject. We reported a series of 81 patients with 82 malignant polyps removed by endoscopic polypectomy between 1977 and 1984. 15 polyps contained carcinoma in situ and were treated by endoscopic polypectomy alone. 36 polyps contained superficial cancer; 35 were treated by EP alone; 1 was treated by endoscopic polypectomy and colectomy. 26 polyps contained invasive carcinoma and 2 were classified as polypoid adenocarcinomas. 19 had clear resection margins at polypectomy and seven had involved resection margins: 17 were treated by endoscopic polypectomy alone, 9 were treated by endoscopic polypectomy and colectomy. The patients were followed with colonoscopy. Follow-up has been 6 to 74 months (mean 32 months). The patients whose polyps were treated by endoscopic polypectomy alone, had had no evidence of recurrent tumor at the polypectomy site. Of the 12 patients undergoing colectomy, 4 had residual tumor at the polypectomy site. No patients had involved lymph nodes. There was no evidence of recurrence in any of these cases. Polyps containing contained carcinoma in situ and superficial cancer, polyps containing invasive carcinoma and clear resection margins can be treated with endoscopic polypectomy alone. Polyps with invasive carcinoma and involved resection margins should undergo segmental colonic resection. This approach must be weighed against the age of the patient, the medical status and the morbidity and mortality of the surgical procedure.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ultrasound aspect of fascioliasis of the biliary tract].

Concerning two cases of biliary distomiasis, the authors describe the sonographic patterns leading to the ultrasonic diagnosis of this parasite. Gallbladder distomiasis appears as an echogenic, oval structure, without acoustic shadow. It characteristically displays mobility and variable shape. The aspect of common bile duct distomiasis is reported for the first time. It is a nonshadowing linear structure and however non specific.

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