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Biomedical subjects

J Buss

Publications and source records attributed to J Buss.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias in association with propafenone treatment.

During treatment with the class Ic antiarrhythmic agent propafenone, the drug appeared to cause malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias in five patients. Sudden cardiac death occurred in two of them. Three patients exhibited a transition from non-self-terminating ventricular tachycardia to ventricular fibrillation. In the other two patients electrocardiography during syncope revealed ventricular fibrillation. The observed malignant arrhythmias occurred within the first three days of treatment for chronic complex ventricular ectopic activity. Two of the five patients had markedly impaired left ventricular function. All patients received digoxin and low dose diuretic therapy. In contrast to drug induced arrhythmias encountered with other type I antiarrhythmic agents, the proarrhythmic effects of propafenone were not associated with marked QT prolongation. QRS duration was only slightly affected.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Unusual mechanism of PR interval variation and nonreentrant supraventricular tachycardia as manifestation of simultaneous anterograde fast and slow conduction through dual atrioventricular nodal pathways.

Noninvasive recordings in a 69-year-old woman showed two distinct PR intervals of about 0.21 and 0.58 s, suggestive of dual AV nodal conduction. Various unusual mechanisms of transition from short to long and from long to short conduction intervals and phenomena of concealed conduction were due to the presence of two functionally separated intranodal pathways. Refractoriness of the slow pathway was associated with bradycardia. Episodes of tachycardia exhibited a one-to-two relationship between P-waves and ventricular activations as a consequence of simultaneous anterograde fast and slow conduction leading to double ventricular responses to single P-waves.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Tachycardias caused by double ventricular responses and unusual atrioventrio-ventricular relations in linear dissociation of the AV node].

Noninvasive recordings in a 69-year-old woman showed phasic shifts between two distinct PR intervals of about 0.21 and 0.58 s suggestive of dual AV nodal conduction in the presence of two intranodal pathways. Episodes of tachycardia exhibited a one to two relationship between P waves and QRS complexes, with the same short and long PR intervals interpreted as simultaneous anterograde fast and slow conduction via the two AV nodal pathways, leading to a double ventricular response to single P waves. Various mechanisms of transition from short to long or long to short conduction times and concealed conduction phenomena could be demonstrated supporting the concept of two functionally separated intranodal pathways.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Estimation of pulmonary capillary mean pressure using TM-mode echocardiography].

The feasibility of estimating the mean pulmonary capillary pressure by simultaneous noninvasive recording of the ECG, the aortic and mitral valve echocardiogram was tested in 50 patients with miscellaneous heart lesions. The Q-MVC-/AVC-E ratio was measured from the onset of the QRS-complex in the ECG, the closure point of the aortic valve, the early diastolic opening of the anterior mitral valve (E-point) and the systolic closure of the mitral valve leaflets on the echocardiogram (C-point). A linear correlation exists between the mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure and the Q-MVC-/AVC-E ratio (n = 50, r = 0.75, p less than 0.001). The echocardiographic derivate index (Q-MVC-/AVC-E) is useful in assessing an elevated left ventricular filling pressure, but the individual data revealed variation in the predicted relation between Q-MVC-/AVC-E and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. The Q-MVC-/AVC-E ratio is not a useful parameter in predicting left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in patients suffering from a left ventricular aneurysm or an acute transmural myocardial infarction with extensive regional abnormal wall motion. Many criteria such as mitral valve disease, atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block and left bundle-branch block suggest that the Q-MVC-/AVC-E ratio is of limited clinical value. The left atrial emptying index was measured by using the amplitude of the posterior aortic wall motion occurring in the first third of the passive emptying period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Lorcainide in stable ventricular extrasystole. A double-blind study with 48-hour continuous ECG recording].

In a randomized double-blind cross-over trial, the effectiveness of lorcainide at a dosage of three times 100 mg/d by mouth was compared with that of a placebo for the treatment of subjectively disturbing stable ventricular extrasystoles (VES), using 48-hour continuous ECG monitoring. In 11 of 20 patients there was a regression in the VES rate to under 5%, in other 3 patients to under 50% of the initial values. Continuing the treatment, good therapeutic effect was still demonstrable 14 and 28 days later. However, only three patients had no side-effects. The others had sleep disturbances, hot flushes, sweating, restlessness, anxiety, dizziness, hallucinations and gastrointestinal symptoms. Lorcainide thus has a good anti-arrhythmic effect but, because of its side-effects, it should be used only in special circumstances.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Mechanically-induced intraventricular block caused by a right-heart floating catheter--frequency and electrophysiologic findings].

During the course of 2,434 right heart catheterizations with 2,019 floating 3F Grandjean catheters and 415 5F Swan-Ganz catheters we observed 7 patients (0.3%) with catheter-induced infranodal conduction impairment: right bundle branch block (RBBB) in 3 patients, left anterior fascicular block (LAFB) and subsequent RBBB in 1 patient, and complete heart block in 3 patients with pre-existing left bundle branch block (LBBB). There was no apparent difference regarding the incidence of blocks between the two types of catheters. Three patients (one with LAFB + RBBB and two with LBBB) underwent electrophysiologic studies. All three patients exhibited a prolongation of the HV-interval due to coexisting pathologic changes of the right bundle. LBBB patterns disappeared during distal His bundle pacing in two patients, indicating a proximal site of block and suggesting incomplete involvement of the right bundle. Additional mechanical trauma, probably in this region, produced the blocks. Thus, use of balloon tipped or flexible catheters does not provide complete protection against transient lesions of the conduction system.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of flecainide on electrophysiological properties of accessory pathways in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

The effect of flecainide in 12 patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome was analyzed with respect to the anterograde and retrograde conduction properties of the accessory pathway, the modes of initiation and termination of circus movement tachycardias, and the ventricular response during induced atrial fibrillation. The principal effect of this drug was to depress both anterograde and retrograde conduction of the accessory pathway. In 8/9 cases circus movement tachycardia was terminated by prolongation of the retrograde effective refractory period of the accessory pathway. Flecainide increased the shortest and the mean cycle length during induced atrial fibrillation. It is concluded that the drug may be of potential benefit in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias in patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Heart rate reduction in atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response by Gallopamil, a Ca-antagonist (author's transl)].

20 patients with atrial fibrillation and rapid ventricular response were treated with the new calcium-antagonist Gallopamil. The effects on heart rate were evaluated by Holter-monitoring. A significant decrease of heart rate with a duration of 10 hours was found in 10 patients after acute oral administration of 100 mg Gallopamil. In 5 patients a regularization of the ventricular response was observed, suggesting an AV junctional escape rhythm during AV nodal block. However, no relevant bradycardia was seen. The maximal decrease of heart rate was seen 2 to 4 hours after application. Oral administration of 3 times 50 mg Gallopamil daily decreased heart rate after a treatment period of 1 week to about 79% of its control values. This effect started 1 hour after application of the first dose in the morning and it lasted for 7 hours after the evening dose.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

[Hemodynamic consequences of suddenly abolished atrial contraction].

The effects of several modes of stimulation (right ventricular pacing during sinus rhythm, right ventricular pacing during induced atrial fibrillation, and atrioventricular (AV) sequential pacing with an AV delay of 130 msec) on blood pressure and cardiac output were investigated in 10 patients with normal left ventricular function. The stimulation rates were 110, 140, and 170/min for each stimulation mode. There were no significant differences between ventricular pacing in sinus rhythm and ventricular pacing in atrial fibrillation as regards blood pressure and cardiac output. Ventricular stimulation during atrial fibrillation resulted in a significant fall in systolic blood pressure (84%, p less than 0.05) even at a rate of 140/min, whereas in AV-sequential pacing systolic blood pressure only fell to 87% of the baseline value at a rate of 170/min. A significant decrease in cardiac output occurred at rates of 140/min ventricular pacing during atrial fibrillation and at rates of 170/min with AV-sequential pacing. The results underline the importance of active ventricular filling in tachycardia. There were no significant differences in the measured parameters when ventricular pacing with AV-dissociation was compared with ventricular pacing at identical rates during atrial fibrillation.

Atrial Fibrillation↗